• 한국작물학회지
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• 제68권2호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2023

본 연구는 최근 빈번한 고온 노지 재배 피해가 빈번함에 따라 팥 대표 품종 '아라리'의 2021과 2022년 고온구배온실에서 수행된 고온 반응 실험이다. 적정 온도 보다 높은온도 범위에서 팥의 노지 재배시 고온 연구로 국내 품종 '아라리'의 생육 반응, 수량, 화분 활력, 종실 성분 등을 최초로 비교분석 하였다. 1. 세부적인 기상 조건은 2021과 2022년의 최저, 평균, 최고기온 연차간 차이는 2022년 보다 2021년이 전생육기는 0 - 1.0℃로 차이가 적었고 영양생장기 0 - 3.7℃, 개화기는 0.4 - 2.4℃로 높았다. 2021년 보다 2022년에서 등숙기는 최저, 평균 온도는 낮았지만 최고온도는 1.7 - 3.9℃로 높아 연차별 온도에 따라 생육특성이 다르게 나타났다. 2. 연차별 생육기간을 비교해 보면 개화기는 평균 기온차에 의해 2021년 13일, 2022년 27일로 차이가 있었으며 등숙기는 2021년 30일, 2022년 19일로 차이가 있었다. 영양생장기에는 최고 온도가 40.3서도 생육이 양호하였지만 개화기 고온 처리는 평균온도가 27.0℃ 이상이 되면 생육이 불량하여 수량이 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 2021년에 비해 2022년 등숙기 온도가 최저 온도 1.6 - 1.9℃ 낮고 최고 온도 1.7 - 3.9℃로 높고 기간이 늘어나니 팥의 수량성이 높았다. 3. 전생육기와 영양생장기의 고온 스트레스시 총폴리페놀과 총플라보노이드 함량이 증가하였고 화분 형태와 활력은 대조구와 전생육기T1에서는 통계적으로 차이가 없었지만 T4 (최저온도 22.9℃; 평균온도 28.8℃; 최고온도 36.9℃)에서는 비정상 화분 형태가 45.62%, 급격히 화분 활력이 40.75%로 떨어졌다. 4. 고온 스트레스시 수량은 2021년 개화기 T4 (최저온도 23.6℃; 평균온도 28.5℃; 최고온도 35.8℃)에 2022년은 수량과 화분 임성은 전생육기 T4 (최저온도 22.9℃; 평균온도 28.8℃; 최고온도 36.9℃)에 가장 낮았으며 반면 총폴리페놀과 총플라보노이드는 영양생장기 T4 고온 스트레스가 높은 시기일 때 가장 높았다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.449-462
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• 2021

옥수수 주 해충인 조명나방(Ostrinia furnacalis)(나비목: 포충나방과)의 비휴면태 단계의 생존과 발육, 생식에 미치는 온도 영향을 분석하였다. 비휴면태 단계는 16:8 h (명:암)의 광주기 조건에서 유지하였다. 미성숙태를 15~35℃ 범위의 7개 항온조건에서, 성충을 13~33℃ 범위의 8개 항온조건에서 인공사료로 사육하였다. 알은 적용된 모든 온도에서 생존율이 70% 이상이었으나, 유충은 15℃에서 7.4%의 낮은 생존율을 보였다. 온도가 증가함에 따라 미성숙태의 발육기간은 짧아졌으나, 유충기간은 35℃에서 더 짧아지지 않았다. 번데기 몸무게는 온도 증가에 따라 증가하였는데, 암컷의 무게는 35℃에서 다시 감소하였다. 25℃를 제외한 다른 6개 온도 각각에서 마지막 영기가 다른 개체변이가 관찰되었다. 성충은 적용된 모든 온도에서 자손을 생산하였다. 성충 수명과 산란전 기간, 산란기간은 온도가 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향이었고, 산란전 기간은 33℃에서 다시 길어졌다. 총산란수는 22℃와 31℃에서 400개 이상이었다. 산란기간 중 일산란수와 산란일당 일산란수는 온도가 증가함에 따라 많아졌는데, 33℃에서 다시 감소하였다. 성충 나이에 따른 일일 산란수는 우화 초기 급격히 증가하였고 이후 완만히 감소하는 경향이었다. 산란횟수는 22℃에서 가장 많았다고 모의 추정되었다. 선형방정식으로 추정된 최저발육온도는 1령 유충이 9.7℃로 가장 낮았고, 5령~말령 단계가 14.7℃로 가장 높았다.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.245-253
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• 2003

In general, manufacture of medicine has demerit of long period in investment effect, high risk, expensiveness through new drug development. At empirical test, R&D investment for new drug development positively affects on profit in manufacture of medicine. In Korea, effect on R&D investment in manufacture of medicine occur faster than previous period. Manufacture of medicine is value added industry, compared to other industries. Moreover, U.S & Japan in R&D expenditure on sales respectively has 10.1%, 8.07%. This is 3-4 times, compared to R&D expenditure on sales of Korea. Conclusionally, the importance of R&D investment increase more and more in future. So, manufacture of medicine and Companies related this will care for R&D investment.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.558-565
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• 2017

This study was conducted to determine the effect of inoculation of microorganism isolated from pig feces on nutrient contents of fermented hulless barley. The microbial flora in feces of a total of four crossbred piglets ($Landrace{\times}Yorkshire{\times}Duroc$) was analyzed by 16s rRNA sequencing. The most abundant strain was then selected for fermentation of hulless barley. Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) was dominant (64.56%) in intestinal microbial flora in the pig feces. The selected candidate strain showed significantly higher survival rate at pH 7 than at pH 2.5 and 3.0 (p < 0.05). Incubated culture containing the candidate strain showed an increased growth rate with lower pH levels after 7.5 h incubation compared to initial incubation period (p < 0.05). When compared with commercial multiple probiotics which were used as control, the selected strain showed faster growth rate at 5 h post-incubation (p < 0.05). During the fermentation period, neither inoculated nor non-inoculated control hulless barley showed any change in pH value. Crude fat, fiber and ash contents were lower (p < 0.05) in hulless barley inoculated by the selected strain compared to control. However, moisture, energy, NDF and ADF were not affected by the inoculation of strain or fermentation period. Lactic acid was increased and acetic acid was decreased in the hulless barley inoculated with the selected strain during the fermentation period (p < 0.05). Taken together, our results suggest that L. plantarum derived from the pigs could be utilized as a new microorganism for manufacturing fermented feed stuffs.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.148-167
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• 1994

The gap of the quality of life and living environment between urban and rural area have been widened since the industrialization and urbanization oriented five year economic development plans started in 1963. To mitigate the gaps, Korean government had commenced the cultural(collective) village development projects, as a pilot cases such as Gyeryong and Ucheon projects from 1991. This paper contains first the concepts of cultural village, types of village formation, types of village development, allocation problems of housing sites, procurement of project costs and other problems experienced during constuction of the projects. The main policy guidelines for the successful development of cultural villages are as follows: 1. Cultural village development should be carried out in coincide with the present status of farm household incomes. 2. The countermeasures should be consistant with the general objective of the cultural village development institutionally. 3. Propaganda of the cultural village development in rural area is prerequisite to success the projects. 4. Favourable terms and conditions of credit loans as loan amount of 30 million won with interest rate of 3% per annum and 25 years repayment period including 5 years grace period should be given by the Government. 5. Special benefits in the tax system should be given to rural peoples in the cultural villages. 6. The cultural village development should be classified into two groups as the cultural village development in rurban area and the cultural village development in rural area.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제2권
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• pp.83-110
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to identify the sleep/activity patterns of neonates and to provide a baseline data for the development effective mother-infant relationship. Subjects of this study were 36 newborns aged 1-21 days and stayed in Postpartum Care Center in Taejon during the period of October 28th, 1999 to February 10th, 2000. The data were collected using NCASA developed by Barnard et al. and were analyzed with SPSS 7.5 for window program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. An average day sleep of neonates was 8.0 hours, night sleep was 3.6 hours, and total sleep was 11.6 hours. A longest period of day sleep was 3.8 hours and a longest period of night sleep was 3.4 hours. The regularity of day sleep was 22.1%, night sleep was 23.3%, and total was 22.1%. 2. The frequency of daytime feeding was 6.9, nighttime fee ding was 3.4, resulting in total of 10.3. The regularity of feeding was 37.4%, and the frequency of night awakening was 2.4. 3. Associations among variables related to neonate's sleep/activity records were as follows : - The regularity of total sleep was positively correlated with the frequencies of day sleep(r=.57, P=.00), night sleep (r=.40, P=.01), and total sleep(r=.65, P=.00). - The frequency of total feeding was negatively correlated with the frequencies of day sleep(r=-.29, P=.04), night sleep(r=-.39, P=.02), and total sleep(r=-.42, P=.00), as well as longest day sleep(r=-.50, P=.00). - The regularity of feeding was negatively correlated with the frequency of night sleep(r=-.35, P=.02), longest period of day sleep(r=-.32, P=.04), and longest period of night sleep(r=-.30. P=.04), whereas positively correlated with frequencies of daytime feeding (r=.29, P=.02) and nighttime feeding (r=.32, P=.05). - The frequency of night awakening was negatively correlated with amount of night sleep(r=-.39, P=.02) and frequency of daytime feeding(r=-.42, P=.01) while positively correlated with frequencies of nighttime feeding(r=.68, P=.00) and total feeding(r=.50, P=.00). 4. Although there was no statistical significant difference between sleep pattern and infant's age, following tendency was noted: - As baby gets older, total amount of sleep and longest period of day sleep decreased while longest period of night sleep increased. - As baby gets older, the regularity of day sleep decreased while the regularity of night sleep and total sleep slightly increased. - The frequencies of daytime and total feedings increased while the frequency of nighttime feeding decreased. In conclusion, the author found that the neonates of this study showed less amount of sleep, more night awakening, and more night time feedings than NCAST sample. There was a certain sleep/activity pattern existed: If babies were fed more frequently, daytime or nighttime sleeping hours became shorter, and if babies had longer daytime sleep, frequent nighttime awakenings were noted. This pattern illustrated the significant influence of feeding and sleep periods on each other. Awakening in the night is natural and normal patterns in the newborn period. The result of this study will provide information to parents about what to expect their infants.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.320-328
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• 2012

후기 홀로세 동안의 지형발달과 기후환경변화를 고찰하기 위해 함평천 유역의 충적평야에서 채취된 퇴적물 시료에 대한 탄소연대측정(AMS, Accelerated Mass Spectrometry), 토양유기탄소와 휴무스분석을 실시하였다. 최하부인 토탄층은 온난 습윤한 기후환경에 형성되었으며, 후빙기 중 Atlantic기에 해당되는 것으로 사료된다. 황갈색 사질점토층은 자연제방성 퇴적물이며, 대체로 온난하고 건조한 기후 환경에서 퇴적된 것으로 생각된다. 그 형성시기는 1,879-1,532 BC 이며, 이 시기는 후빙기 중 Sub-boreal기에 해당된다. 담갈색 점토층은 자연제방에서 배후습지로 이행되는 환경에 퇴적되었을 것으로 추측된다. 기후 환경은 온난하고 습윤하였으며, 후빙기 중 Sub-boreal에서 Sub-Atlantic으로 이행되는 시기에 형성된 것으로 유추된다. 상부의 담황갈색 점토층과 담갈색 점토층은 배후습지의 퇴적물로 생각된다. 담황갈색 점토층이 퇴적된 환경은 냉량하고 습윤한 기후환경이었을 것으로 생각되며, 이 시기는 후빙기 중 Sub-Atlantic에 대비될 가능성이 있다. 담갈색 점토층이 퇴적된 환경은 온난하고 건조한 기후환경이었을 것으로 생각된다. 그 형성 시기는 211-427 AD이며, 이 시기는 Post Roman Warm Period에 해당되는 것으로 유추된다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.400-412
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop easy-made ssamjang products with differentiated materials and methods to meet the needs for a healthy and easy- lifestyle trend with lowered manufacturing expenses. Methods: Ssamjang was made with cheonggukjang and different kinds of jocheong as glutinous (GRSS), sweet potato (SPTSS), sweet pumpkin (SPKSS), bellflower root (BRSS) and ginger (GSS) and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 16 weeks. Quality characteristics and consumer acceptability were measured. Results: Titratable acidity was higher in SPTSS and rapidly increased (p<0.05) after 9 weeks in all groups during storage. Amino-type nitrogen contents of SPTSS and SPKSS were the highest and rapidly increased (p<0.05) after 5 weeks. Total free sugar content was higher in GRSS and did not change during storage. Glutamic acid and total free amino acid contents were higher in SPTSS, SPKSS and continuously increased up to 9 weeks. Yeast counts rapidly increased (p<0.05) after 9 weeks reaching 4.0 Log CFU/g in all groups except for SPTSS. Consumer acceptability did not change during storage in all groups and GSS was least preferable. Conclusion: The optimal quality maintenance period of ssamjang with cheonggukjang and jocheong was determined to 7-9 weeks of storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and ginger jocheong was the least preferable materials. We conclude that it is possible to develop easy-made ssamjang products with cheonggukjang and non-fermented materials also skipping aging period.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.403-415
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• 2021

말채나무공깍지벌레의 계절적 발육을 2019년 6월 4일(약충) 부터 2020년 6월 25일까지(1세대 약충) 경상남도 사천시 소재의 블루베리 과원에서 관찰하였다. 본 충의 발육을 연구하기 위해서 2018년 눈에서 발아한 5개 이상의 잔가지를 1주 간격으로 농가에서 채취하였다. 깍지벌레의 발육은 실체현미경 하에서 조사하였고 화학적 방제는 시중에서 이용할 수 있는 3종의 살충제로 블루베리 과원에서 수행하였다. 발육기간과 유효적산온도(Centigrade Degree-Days accumulation, DDC)에 대한 결과는 다음과 같다. 산란기간(최성기): 2020년 5월 12 -26일(DDC, 110.0-188.5(173.6)); 부화기간(최성기): 2020년 6월 9 - 23(19)일)(DDC, 325.2-480.8(435.6); 난기간: 26 일; 월동성충으로부터 약충의 신엽으로 이동: 2020년 6월 16-25 일(DDC, 410,5 - 500.4); 성충으로 발육하기 위한 잎에서 잔가지로 이동(최성기): 2020년 2월 4 -18(8)일. 성충 한마리 당 산란수(범위): 956.8 ± 73.4 (13 - 3497); 알의 크기(mm): 0.29 ± 0.020(L), 0.15 ± 0.013(W); 부화약충의 크기: 0.35 ± 0.018(L), 0.18 ± 0.007(W), 0.09 ± 0.007(눈 간격); 성충크기: 4.30 ± 0.893(L), 2.64 ± 0.520(W). 월동성충으로부터 부화한 약충은 신초의 잎 뒷면에서 다음해 2월 초순 잎이 떨어질 때까지 약 95%가 발견되었다. 이들은 2령충으로 월동하고 1년에 한 세대를 경과하였다. 기어다니는 1령충을 방제하기 위하여 3종의 살충제를 7월 16일과 30일에 거북밀깍지벌레에 등록된 농도로 처리하였다. 아세타미프리드수화제가 1회 처리 21일 후에 96.9%의 사충율을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2018

With the types and targets of cyber attacks expanding and with personal information leaks increasing, the quantitative demand for information security specialists has increased. The base for training the workforce has expanded accordingly, but joblessness and job-seeking still coexist. To resolve the gap between labor demand and supply, education and training systems that can supply demand quickly are needed. It takes a considerable amount of time for information security education and new manpower supply through universities and graduate schools to be reflected in the market. However, if information security retraining is carried out in terms of career development of information security and related workforce, the problem of lack of experts could be solved in a relatively short period. This paper investigates and analyzes the information security work of the information security workforce, the degree of skill level, the need for retraining, and the workplace migration experience; it also discusses the direction of career development retraining.