• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2015

Purpose: This study examines areal composition of ward applying to 4 bedroom in provincial medical center. Methods: The existing five-bed patient rooms, general type of multiple-bed rooms in Korea causes many problems for the amenity of patients. We should reconsider their inconvenience carefully and try to provide the right to keep their privacy and enjoy amenity. The number of patients of multi-bed rooms is very critical point to improve the environmental condition of the patient rooms. This study separate 5 bedroom group and 4 bedroom group. Net area from space program was surveyed and analyzed. Results: The result of this study can be summarized into two points. The first one is that Group-4(4 bedroom) ward has more 23% patient's area and -23% convenience area than Group-5(5 bedroom). The second one is that Group-4 has more single bedroom and Group-5 has more dayroom. Implications: Consideration Should be taken into account for the effective bedroom composition and allocation in ward. This Study hopefully may serve as a stepping stone for the standard design of space program in ward.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to suggest optimum guidelines apartment rooms by conducing survey among residence whose apartment floor size is between $66-198m^2$ and whose apartment is less than 3 years old. The effective numbers of survey questionnaire turned in was 226 and the survey analysis has been made by using of SPSS WIN 12.0. The results and conclusion of the studies are as follows; (1) $66{\sim}98m^2$ : The recommended numbers of bedroom is 2 and 3. The size of maser bedroom needs to be decreased whereas the size of living room be increased. (2) $99-131m^2$: The recommended numbers of bedroom is 3 and 4. The size of maser bedroom and maser bathroom needs to be decreased whereas the size of living room, 2nd bedroom, kitchen and dining room needs to be increased. (3) $132-164m^2$: The recommended numbers of bedroom is 3 and 4. The size of maser bedroom and bathroom needs to be decreased whereas the size of dress room, kitchen and dining room, and 2nd bedroom needs to be increased. (4) $165-197m^2$: The recommended numbers of bedroom is 3 and 4. The size of maser bedroom and maser bathroom needs to be decreased and the size of dressroom and kitchen /dinning room needs to be increased. (5) $198m^2$ and above: the recommended numbers of bedroom is 3,4 and 5. The size of dressroom needs to be increased. It is revealed that the number of bedroom doesn't need to be increased as the size of apartment is increased. Larger space is required for the public space for the family and dressroom. And smaller space is required for the maser bedroom and master bathroom.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the user satisfaction between 4-bedrooms and 5/6-bedrooms in a single general hospital. Methodology: To measure and compare multiple-bed ward user satisfaction between 4-bedrooms and 5/6-bedrooms, questionnaires were collected from 916 inpatients and 129 nurses in a single general hospital. The patient satisfaction questionnaire categories included environmental conditions, protection of privacy, and medical services. The nurse satisfaction questionnaire categories included space, infection control, patient safety, work load and psychologic view point. Findings: Satisfaction of patient who admitted in 4-bedroom to the environmental conditions and protection of privacy was higher than that of 5/6-bedroom group (3.91 vs. 3.25, p<0.001). Satisfaction of nurse who worked in 4-bedroom was higher than that of 5/6-bedroom (3.05 vs. 1.92, p<0.001). By the multiple linear regression analysis, patient satisfaction to the environmental conditions and protection of privacy was related with multi-bedroom type and location of beds; 4-bedrooms were higher than 5/6-bedrooms(p<0.001), window side bed were higher than hallway side bed(p=0.001). There was no satisfaction difference in comparing medical services between the two groups. By the multiple linear mixed regression analysis, nurse satisfaction who were assigned for 4-bedrooms were higher than that of 5/6-bedrooms in all categories(p<0.001). Practical Implications: Even though no difference has shown in medical services satisfaction between the two patient groups, multi-bedroom type may affect patient satisfaction in environmental condition, protection of privacy and may also affect overall nurse satisfaction. This result suggests that to improve multi-bedroom user satisfaction, 4-bedroom is recommended over 5/6-bedroom.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2021

In this study, the effect of the air purifier located in the living room on the reduction of PM_2.5 concentration in the living room and bedroom was investigated. Measurements were carried out in real-life for about 2 weeks in a Korean apartment building where a 3-person household had lived and the exclusive private area was 84.9 m². When the air purifier in the living room was operating, the change in PM_2.5 concentration was measured when the door to the bedroom connected to the living room was opened and closed. In the case of living with the bedroom door open, the average PM_2.5 concentrations in the living room and bedroom were almost the same. When living with the bedroom door closed, the average PM_2.5 in the living room was higher than in the bedroom. The ventilation and cooking effects in the living room mainly affected the PM_2.5 concentration in the living room. Only one air purifier in the living room was able to keep the PM_2.5 concentration in the living room and bedroom low.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2014

Purpose: At the moment, a lot of Public Hospitals in Korea have adopted 5 or 6 bedrooms as a standard multi-bedroom type. However 5-6 bedrooms have many problems related to inpatient satisfaction and nosocomial diseases. Therefore 4 bedroom is under considering for standard multi-bed room in Public Hospitals in Korea. This paper tries to prove that adoption of 4 bedroom in Public Hospitals has nothing to do with economic loss which is now an obstacle in adopting 4 bedrooms. Methods: 3 Methods have been used in this paper. 1) Comparative analysis between medical insurance fee and service cost for hospitalization has been conducted through literature survey. 2) Scenario analysis has been used for the estimation of inpatient number when 4 bedrooms are adopted in Public Hospitals. 3) Relation analysis between profit and proportion of 4 bedroom in Public Hospitals. Results: Adoption of 4 bedroom as a standard multi-bedroom in Public Hospitals has been proved to have nothing to do with the economic loss of hospitals. Implications: It is necessary to introduce and expand 4 bedrooms instead of 5-6 bedrooms in hospitals for the upgrade of hospital environment and easy control of cross infection in inpatient bedrooms.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.68-83
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• 2021

Background: It is widely acknowledged that single bedrooms have many potential advantages compared to multiple bedrooms. However, Korea has a reimbursement system that patients have to pay the additional fee if they will use single bedroom or pay-bed (1-3 bedroom). There is little research on patients' bed selection and relationship between patient satisfaction and bed type in the Korean setting. Methods: Using the 2017 Korea Health Panel (KHP) Survey data, we modified bed type by two dichotomous variables: single bedroom vs. multiple bedroom (2+ bedrooms) and pay-bed (1-3 bedroom) vs. reimbursed bed (4+ bedroom). Multivariate logistic regression is performed to determine the factors affecting the patient's choice of room types. Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to examine how hospital room types are affecting patient satisfaction. Results: Single room and pay-bed (1-3 bedroom) use was influenced by patient age (19- years old), male, a person at work, hospitalizing in a clinic, and birth. After controlling variables of the behavioral model of medical utilization, the association between patient satisfaction and use of single bedroom & pay-bed (1-3 bedroom). Cause of hospitalization, major treatment, and recognition of unnecessary care are statistically significant variables on patient satisfaction. Conclusion: Although the single room is about the standard for newly built hospitals in western countries, it remains unclear that single room or pay-bed (1-3 bedroom) has positive effects on patient's outcomes and satisfaction. In this empirical study, the difference in patient satisfaction by bedroom type was not noticeable. In terms of bed management by hospital staff, securing patient credibility in hospital care is an important task. Patients' perception of whether medical staffs have encouraged unnecessary treatment or tests has a significant impact on patient's satisfaction.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.97-107
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the planning characteristics of certain cases of elderly welfare housing (hitherto EWH), and analyze any problems by comparing this against the actual needs of potential residents. To this end, 38 distinct housing plans from twelve EWH built after 2005 were examined, and a survey on housing needs was taken by 198 people between 48 and 62 years of age. The results are as follows: Firstly, the most common size found among the 10 cases was 42-66 $m^2$, however larger sizes are becoming more frequent. The most popular response on the survey was one favoring smaller housing options. Secondly, the most common floor plan examined consisted of 1 bedroom + LDK and 2 bedroom + LDK. Likewise, the survey reflected that 1 or 2 bedroom housing was preferred. Thirdly, a floor plan composed of a smaller bedroom and LDK is commonly found in smaller floor plans of EWH. The survey reflected potential residents preferred this same style of floor plan, with a smaller bedroom and LDK set up. However, lower-income participants preferred a single, larger bedroom which also can serve as a living space, to go along with a kitchen/dining room (DK). Fourthly, 2 bedroom housing typically included a single bathroom, however the survey indicated that participants preferred a second bathroom to go along with a second bedroom. Consequently, the planning of elderly welfare housing is to a large extent meeting the demands of its potential residents, however house size and the planning of bathrooms have yet to meet these demands, especially with potential lower-income residents when it comes to housing size and space composition.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2013

Purpose: This paper tries to set up the design guidelines for the 4 bedroom in Public Hospital wards as the standard multi-bed room in order to upgrade the bedroom environment, increase inpatients' and nurses' satisfaction level, and decrease cross infection possibility. Methods: Literature survey containing legal standards related to hospital bedrooms in Korea, Japan and Germany have been conducted. Questionnaires have been distributed to inpatients and nurses in 39 Public Hospital, and face to face talk with ward nurses in 9 Public Hospitals have been conducted. Thereafter 10 architectural drawings, 28 questionnaires from nurses and 544 questionnaires from inpatients have been analysed. Results: This article suggests some design guidelines and example drawings of standard 4 bedroom unit in Public Hospital. Implications: The result of this research would be useful as a reference when the architect tries to design a Four-bed room unit in Hospitals.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.56-64
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• 2016

Housing for the elderly should be planned on the base of elder's needs and preferences as well as their physical, emotional, and socio-psychological characteristics. This study examined the interior style of bedroom and living room the elderly preferred and these preferences are significantly different depending on their characteristics and cognitive ages, or not. This study was carried out by face to face interview with a questionnaire and 6 colored printed 3D images. The subjects were 202 old aged who lives in Busan. The interior style of bedroom and living room were classified into 3 styles; Korean traditional style, Western classical style, and modern style. The subjects made a choice their preferred interior style among three 3D images per each room and answered the reasons. Also, they answered their cognitive ages and general characteristics, and their preferences for the layout of living room-dining room-kitchen, use pattern, floor finishes, and furniture of bedroom and living room. The results were as follows; 1) The subjects preferred bed in bedroom and sofa in living room. Also, they wanted to finish the floor of bedroom and living room by using synthetic material, traditional floor paper, and wood. 2) The elderly preferred Western classical style of bedroom. The reasons were general mood such as warm, comfort, or bright, and the color. 3) These preferred styles were not any significant differences according to their characteristics and cognitive ages. 4) They preferred Korean traditional style, Western classical style, and modern style, in order. They preferred them for their general mood and window. 5) Their preferred styles were significantly different according to their housing types and cognitive ages.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2005

This study aims to analyze interior spatial characteristics of Korean single-family house which were designed by architects. For that purpose, plans, pictures and data of Korean single-family 113 houses which appeared in architectural publications from 1998.7 to 2002.6. were collected. The results of this study are the followings; 1) the ratio of southern-facing is higher in living room and master bedroom than in dining room and kitchen; 2) spatial elements of master bedroom are bedroom, bathroom and dressroom, those of dining room and kitchen are dining room, kitchen and multipurpose room and those of family bathroom are bathroom and restroom; 3) the living room does not located in the center of the plan; 4) the ratio of exterior door is higher in kitchen and master bedroom than in dinning room and living room; 5) stairs located in hall, corridor, livingroom etc., 6) there are void spaces in about half of houses which were collected.