• Title/Summary/Keyword: 4세 유아

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A Comparative Analysis on the Development and Maladaptive Behavior at Daycare Centers by Children of Multicultural and Non-multicultural Family Background (다문화 아동과 일반 아동의 발달 및 어린이집 부적응행동 비교 분석)

  • Kim, Hwan Nam;Lee, Sun Ae
    • Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.229-252
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    • 2013
  • In this study, WSS developmental checklist and nursery maladaptive test were conducted and applied to 203 multicultural children and non-multicultural children. The children were 3-5years old and were attending 34 kindergartens located in Gimpo-si and Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do to investigate the developmental level and status of adaptation to the nursery in multicultural children. The result shows that there is no difference in the development of scientific thinking and mathematical thinking while developmental level is lower in personality, sociality, language, reading and writing area in multicultural children compared to non-multicultural children. According to age, there is no difference in the development between 4~5-year-old multicultural children and non-multicultural children while there is a difference in the development between 3-year-old multicultural and non-multicultural children. It also shows that there are no significant differences in nursery adaptation between multicultural children and non-multicultural children.

A Study on Self-Expression Improvement of Children through Orff Activities (유아의 자기표현능력 증진을 위한 오르프 음악활동의 적용)

  • Kwon, Se mi
    • Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.55-80
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    • 2009
  • The objective of this study was to improve the self-expression of children through Orff activities. In this study, three (3) children from D day care center in Seoul who demonstrated withdrawn behaviors were chosen as research subjects, based on a self-expression test score of 50 points. The activities were conducted for 6 weeks, totaling fourteen (14) sessions, with each session being scheduled for forty (40) minutes. Across 14 sessions, the researcher conducted, analyzed and compared the self-expression scale of subjects, measured during the third and the last session. The researcher then qualitatively analyzed verbal and non-verbal self-expression behaviors of subjects by video recording the session. The analysis results shown by the study are as follows. First, the results of a quantitative analysis of the self-expression scale showed significant changes in self expression. Furthermore, the results of a qualitative analysis of verbal self-expression showed positive changes in self-perception and an increase in feelings of independence and activity than that of initial sessions.

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An analysis of daily lives of children in Korea, Japan and China (한국, 중국, 일본 유아들의 일상생활에 대한 비교연구)

  • Kisook Lee;Mira Chung;Hyunjung Kim
    • Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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    • v.12 no.5_spc
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    • pp.81-98
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    • 2006
  • The objective of this research is to do a cultural comparison on the daily lives of the children of Korea, Japan and China. To achieve this objective, the questionnares were distributed to the 2940 mothers of children from the ages of 3 to 6 in the countries of Korea, Japan and China. The target audience consisted of 941 mothers living in Seoul and Kyunggi area for Korea, 1007 mothers living in Tokyo for Japan, and 992 mothers living in Beijing for China. As a result of the research, we found out that firstly, although children in general got up anytime between 7:00am to 9:00am and went to bed between 8:00pm and 11:00pm, 61.5% of the Korean children went to bed after 10pm and 16.8% after 11pm. Besides that, we found that compared to 3.51% of Korean children who got up before 6am, 13.41% of Japanese children and 17.24% of Chinese children got up before 6:00am. So we could see that the Korean children got up later and went to bed later than their Japanese and Chinese counterpart. This pattern could also be seen in the average rising time and bed time. Korean children went to bed at 10:00pm and woke up at 7:75am whereas the Japanese children went to bed at 9:28pm and woke up at 7:39am, and the Chinese children went to bed at 9:05pm and woke up at 7:05am. The average sleeping hours for Japanese children was 10.12 hours, 9.50 hours for the Chinese and 9.75 hours for the Korean. As a result, we could see that the Korean children went to bed later, got up later and slept fewer hours than their Japanese and Chinese counterparts. Also, since the rising time and bedtime of the Korean children was later than those of the Chinese and Japanese counterparts, the former s' breakfast and dinner time was also much later. Secondly, we looked at the time children went off to and came back from institutes such as kindergarten and child care centers. The Chinese were earliest at going with average attendance at 7:83am, the Japanese came next at 8:59am and the Korean children were last at 8:90am, whereas the Japanese came first in coming back home at 3:36pm, Korean next at 3:91pm and the Chinese last at 5:46pm. Next when we looked at the hours spent at the kindergartens and child care centers, Japan spent 6.76 hours, Korea 7.01 hours and China spent the longest hours with 9.63 hours. Excluding China where all preschool institutes are centralized into kindergartens, we nest looked at time children went to and came back from the institutes as well as the time spent there. In the case of kindergarten, there was not much difference but in the case of child care centers, the Japanese children went to the child care centers mach earlier and came home later than the Korean children. Also, the time spent at the child care center was much longer for the Japanese than the Korean children. This fact coincides with the Korean mothers' number one wish to the kindergartens and child care centers i.e. for the institutes to prolong their school hours. Thus, the time spent at child care centers for Korea was 7.75 hours, 9.39 hours for Japan and 9.63 hours for China. The time for Korea was comparatively much shorter than that of Japan and China but if we consider the fact that 50% of the target audience was working mothers, we could easily presume that the working parents who usually use the child care centers would want the child care centers to prolong the hours looked after their children. Besides this, the next most wanted wish mothers have towards the child care centers and kindergartens was for those institutes to "look after their children when sick". This item showed high marks in all three countries, and the marks in Korea was especially higher when compared to Japan and China. Thirdly, we looked at the private extracurricular activities of the children. We found that 72.6% of the Korean children, 61.7% of the Japanese children, and 64.6% of the Chinese children were doing private extracurricular activities after attending kindergarten or day care centers. Amongst the private extracurricular activities done by Korean children, the most popular one was worksheet with 51.9% of the children doing it. Drawing (15.20%) and English (11.6%) came next. Swimming (21.95%) was the most popular activity for Japan, with English (17.48%), music (15,79%) and sports (14.70%) coming next. For China, art (30.95%) was first with English (22.08%) and music (19.96%) following next. All three countries had English as the most popular activity related to art and physical activities after school hours, but the rate for worksheet studies was much higher for Korea compared to Japan China. The reason Koreans universally use worksheet in because the parents who buy the worksheet are mothers who have easy access to advertisement or salespeople selling those products. The price is also relatively cheap, the worksheet helps the children to grow the basic learning ability in preparation for elementary school, and it is thought to help the children to build the habit of studying everyday. Not only that but it is estimated that the worksheet education is being conducted because parents can share the responsibility of the children's learning with the worksheet-teacher who make home visits. Looking at the expenses spent on private extracurricular activities as compared to income, we found that China spent 5% of income for activities outside of regular education, Korea 3% and Japan 2%. Fourthly, we looked at the amount of time children spent on using multimedia. The majority of the children in Korea, Japan and China watch television almost every day. In terms of video games, the Japanese children played the games the most, with Korea and China following next. The Korean children used the computer the most, with Japan and China next. The Korean children used about 21.17% of their daily time on computers which is much more than the Japanese who used 20.62% of their time 3 or 4 times a week, or the Chinese. The Chinese children were found to use considerably less time on multimedia compared to the Korean of Japanese.

3, 4, 5 Year-old Children's Beliefs about Trait Stability Based on Trait Type and Valence (3, 4, 5세 유아의 특질 유형과 정서가에 따른 특질 안정성에 대한 믿음)

  • Lee, Jeong-Hyeon;Yi, Soon-Hyung
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.83-93
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    • 2012
  • This study examined young children's beliefs about trait stability based on trait type and valence. Participants included 120 children (40 three-year-olds, 40 four-year-olds, and 40 five-year olds) recruited from 3 day-care-centers and 1 kindergarten in Seoul and Kyung-Ki province. Results revealed that young children's understanding of traits differed based on trait type and valence. Children demonstrated a strong belief that social-intention traits are more stable and harder to change when compared to internal-state traits. Young children's beliefs on trait stability were also strongly influenced by trait valence. They believed that negative traits are more likely to change for the better while positive traits have greater stability and are less likely to change over time.

유기농 이유식 제품 제조 기술 현황과 소비 전망

  • Sin, Hyeon-Ho
    • 한국유가공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2006.06a
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    • pp.29-45
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    • 2006
  • 최근에 들어 웰빙(well-being)과 함께 로하스(LOHAS: Lifestyle of Health and Sustainability)란 개념이 급속도로 확산되고 있으며, 이를 만족하는 식품으로 친환경 농산물과 유기 가공 식품이 대두되고 있다. 여러 마케팅 조사에서도 친환경 농산물과 유기 가공 식품의 소비자 선호도는 상당히 높게 나타난다. 이러한 다양한 소비자의 요구에 맞춰 우리의 2세에게 더욱 안전하고 좋은 품질의 이유식을 제공하고 나아가 한계에 이른 '지구와 환경을 해치지 않는 지속가능 한 소비'를 유도하고자 업체들은 유기농 이유식을 개발하고 있다. 유기농 소비자 10명 가운데 7명은 최근의 웰빙 붐 때문에 유기농에 관심을 가지게 됐으며, 가격이 다소 비싸더라도 가족의 건강을 위해 친환경 농산물을 구입하는 것으로 나타났으며, 국내외를 막론하고 친환경 농산물과 유피 가공 식품의 시장 동향을 살펴보면 지속적으로 증가하고 있으나, 아직까지 일반 제품에 비해 미미한 수준이며, 국내는 인증 제도가 없으나, 유기 가공 식품표시기준에 따라 표시되고 있다. 일반적으로 이유식이라 함은 식품공전에서 영 ${\cdot}$ 유아용 곡류 조제식만을 말하지만 넓게 축산물의 조제유류, 영아용 조제식, 성장기용 조제식, 기타 영 ${\cdot}$ 유아식을 포함할 수 있으며, 유기농 이유식 제조 현황을 살펴보면 동결, 분무, 드럼 등의 건조와 퍼핑이나 Extruder를 통한 알파화로 원료를 가공하여 은 살균, 멸균, 균질, 혼합, 건조, 냉각, 포장 등의 다양한 공정으로 이루어진 분무건조나 유동층이나 연속식 과립기를 사용하여 분말이나 입자형 이유식을 생산하며, 동결 건조를 하여 열수를 가해 죽 상태로 먹을 수 있도록 한 제품, 데워서 떠 먹일 수 있도록 병조림이나 레토르트 유동식 제품, 바로 마실 수 있는 쥬스류, 두유류, 과자 등으로 생산하고 있다. 주된 메이저4사는 일동후디스, 남양유업, 매일유업, 파스퇴르유업으로 다양한 제품들을 생산하고 있으며, 두유를 위주로 한 정식품, 연세우유와 종근당건강, 다양한 다국적 기업들의 제품이 수입되고 있는 실정이다. 이유식 시장도 96년 하반기부터 정체를 보이는 상태다. 2002년도 이유식 시장은 약 1,300억원 규모로 업체들의 고가 신제품과 유기농 이유식 출시로 판매 금액은 소폭 상승하였으나 판매 수량은 큰 변동이 없다. 저출산에 따른 양육비 집중과 유기농 제품에 대한 저변이 크게 확산돼 베이비 웰빙은 어느 정도 예견된 일이거니와 이미 미국 등 선진국에선 유아에 그치지 않고 아동까지 유기농과 고급 원료를 사용한 고가의 웰빙 제품이 봇물을 이루고 있는 상황이어서 유아식 시장은 어느 때보다 경쟁이 치열할 것이며, 국내 식품 업체들이 너도나도 유기농 제품과 매장사업에 뛰어들고 있다. 유기 가공 식품의 지속적인 발전을 위해서 (1) 국내산/수입산 공통으로 인증 제도가 도입되고 원료 농산물뿐만 아니라, 모든 공정이나 공장에 대한 종합적 관리와 동일한 인증 표시가 이루어져야 한다. (2) 정부 부처의 이기를 타파할 수 있는 법정부적 기구나 대책이 필요하다. (3) 유기 가공 식품을 취급하는 업계에서는 기존 3%의 비의도적 혼입치의 고려나 상한선 재설정을 요구하고 진정한 유기 가공 식품으로 공정 경쟁한다. (4) 활발한 인증심사원의 교육과 배출로 인증이나 심사기관의 민간 이양을 적극 장려하고 국가관 상호 신뢰를 구축한다. (5) 각 소비자 단체나 소비자는 환경을 살리고 생명체의 공생이라는 관점에서 최선의 길이 유기농 제품임을 인식하고 소비하여 우리의 다음 세대에게서 빌려온 소중한 환경을 물려준다.

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Household Patterns in Early 18th - Century Korea -A Study Based on the Triinnial Household Register Data of Danseong-Hyon, Kyongsang Province, 1720- (1720년도 단성현 호적대장자료를 통한 이조중기 가구형태 분석)

  • 이흥탁
    • Korea journal of population studies
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.19-47
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    • 1990
  • 1720년 경상도 단성진 진내면 소재의 390가구를 대상으로 1970년대 초 케임브리지 대학의 역사인구학 연구소에서 개발한 Laslett-Hammel가구 형태 분석법을 적용하여 본 결과 표9에서 제시된바와 같이 전체가구의 48.9%가 핵가족의 형태이며, 42.1 퍼센트가 대가족으로 밝혀지고 있다. 물론 도표3에서 지적되고 있듯이 5세이하의 인구에 대한 자료가 미비한 상태라 호적 자료만으로 당시의 가구 형태에 대한 정확한 분석이 어렵다고 하드라도 이제까지 일반적으로 믿어져 왔던 대가족 형태의 이조 중기의 종가제도나 일반 서민들의 가구 형태 및 유아가구에 대한 보다 구체적인 연구가 호적 자료에 대한 면밀한 분석으로 가능해질것으로 믿어진다. 역촌, 즉 하류계층의 사람들이 주로 많이 주거하였던 단성진 진내면의 전체 조사 대상 가구의 절반이 핵가족의 형태로 보이고 있는것은 당연한 것으로 받아질수 있겠으나 표6에서 나타내고 있듯이 상류계층에 속하는 양소계층의 경우도 평균 가구 규격 16명중에서 약 13명이 율거유아로 실제 가구의 크기는 가족 구성원수 4명을 넘지않는 핵가족의 형태였을 가능성이 짙음을 알수 있다. 한가지 특이할만한 사항은 상류,중류,그리고 하류 계층 다같이 평균 가족 구성원수가 4명을 넘지 않는다는 점이다. 단성진이 독촌들로 구성되어 있는 만큼 앞으로 상류계층이 밀집되어 있었던 경북 월성군의 양동 지역 향방 자료나 호적 초안자료를 단성진의 자료와 비교 분석함으로써 이조 중기의 가구 형태에 대한 보다 신뢰성 있는 결과를 도출해 낼수 이ㅛ는것이다. 단성진의 자료는 이조 중기의 유아 인구와 유아 가구 형태에 대한 연구에는 귀중한 자료로 앞으로 역사인구학의 방법론 개발에 큰 기여를 할것으로 기대된다.의 핑거를 식별, 추적할 수 있었다.는 경도방향의 해구수가 많았으며, 특히 8월은 1년중 경도방향의 분산이 가장 컸고, 어장중심은 5월에는 3888해구, 6월에는 3884해구, 7월에는 4078해구, 8월에는 4154해구, 9월에는 4146해구, 10월에는 4044해구였다. 3. 어획수온과 어획적수온은 5월에는 $14.0~18.5^{\circ}C,$ $15.0~16.0^{\circ}C,$ 6월에는 $13.5~18.5^{\circ}C,$ $14.5~16.0^{\circ}C,$ 7월에는 $14.0~20.0^{\circ}C,$ $14.5^{\circ}C,$ $19.0^{\circ}C,$ 8월에는 $16.0~21.5^{\circ}C,$ $18.0~20.0^{\circ}C,$ 9월에는 $14.5~22.0^{\circ}C,$ $17.0~18.5^{\circ}C,$ 10월 $14.0~18.0^{\circ}C,$ $16.0~17.0^{\circ}C였다.$ 4. 평균CPUE는 5월에는 3.2kg/sheet, 6월에는 4.5kg/sheet, 7월에는 4.3kg/sheet, 8월에는 5.1kg/sheet, 9월에는 6.4kg/sheet, 10월에는 5.8kg/sheet였다. 5. 한국정부의 1990년 북태평양 오징어 어업감시계획과 실제의 어장형성범위를 비교하면 5월에는 어장이 형성된 21개 해구 가운데 12개, 6월에는 24개 가운데 7개, 7월에는 25개 가운데 4개 해구에서

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The effect of social and economic position and differentiation from family-of-origin and family-of-origin health on the mothers' leadership (사회경제적 지위와 원가족 분화 및 원가족 건강성이 어머니 리더십에 미치는 영향)

  • Seol, Hee Jung;Moon, Hyuk Jun
    • Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.139-158
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    • 2011
  • This study examined the relations between differentiation from family-of-origin, family-of-origin health and mothers' leadership. A survey was performed for 288 mothers with 5-year-old children who were enrolled in kindergartens and nursery schools located in Incheon and Kyunggi province. Data were analyzed by correlation and hierarchical regression. Results showed mothers' leadership was highly correlated with academic background of mothers, differentiation from family-of-origin and family-of-origin health. Second, academic background of mothers and family-of-origin health were explanatory variables for mothers' leadership.

The Relationship between Food Allergen Sensitization and Allergic Disease in Childhood (항원감작식품과 어린이 알레르기 질환과의 관계)

  • Moon, Eun-Kyoung;Bae, Hyung-Churl;Renchinthand, Gereltuya;Nam, Myoung-Soo
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.337-344
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    • 2007
  • We have investigated the relationship between food allergen sensitization and allergic disease in 74 child (male 47, female 27) patients from 0 to 14 years of age diagnosed with allergic disease. The age distribution for the study was: newborn to 3 years old, 34 children; 4 to 6 years old, 24 children; 7 to 9 years old, 8 children and above 10 years old, 8 children. Of the 74 children, 10 children were allergic to 3 of the 21 types of foods tested, 21 children were allergic to 4 types and 15 children were allergic to 5 types. The results of specific IgE tests for class 2 (0.070-3.49 IV/mL, IgE density in serum) showed that 29 children were allergic to milk, 28 children to bean, 21 children to cheese, 7 children to egg, and 18 children to pork, while over class 2, 20 children were allergic to bean, 17 children to milk, 24 children to cheese, 20 children to egg, and 21 children to pork. A questionnaire was used to survey family allergy history and diet patterns for 40 child (male 22, female 18) patients with allergic disease. The frequencies of a family history of allergy were 45.5% for males and 50.0% for females. The allergic diseases included atopic dermatitis: 26.0%, atopic nasitis: 10.5%, atopic dermatitis + atopic nasitis : 31.5%, hives: 21.0%, and asthma: 10.5%. Children on diets of mixed breast feeding and infant formula were more allergic than those on either breast feeding or infant formula feeding. Eliminated allergenic foods were egg + milk: 12.5%, egg: 10.0%, and milk 2.5%.

An Exploratory Study on the Industry Training Activation for College's Professor -Based on Collaborative Action Research- (전문대학 교수의 산업체 연수 활성화를 위한 탐색적 연구 -협력적 실행연구를 중심으로-)

  • Namgung, Seon-Hye;Kim, Hyun-Jung
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.20 no.11
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    • pp.361-367
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    • 2019
  • This exploratory study investigated the real time adaptability of industry training for college professors. For this study, the researcher whose college's professor in the department of early childhood education used collaborative action research. This research was conducted in a class of five year old children of a daycare center in D city. The researcher and the homeroom teacher interacted with each other through 4 steps during the researcher's training period. The first step was group formation between the researcher and the teacher. The second step was problem identification. The third step was a review of the literature. The forth step was problem-solving. The researcher and teacher finally developed a rhythm movement program that was based on fundamental motor performance of young children. Through this collaborative effort, the researcher and teacher had the opportunity to improve their professionalism. Especially, the researcher improved her understanding and knowledge of teaching young kids. The result of this study is meaningful in that it provided basic data to improve training of college professors.

Teachers' Story about the Anecdotal Records in Kindergarten (유치원교사들이 이야기하는 일화기록의 한계와 과제)

  • Park, Sun Hee;Lee, Kyeong Hwa
    • Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.71-95
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    • 2014
  • The paper explored the limitations of anecdotal records in kindergarten and presented the challenges toward authentic records. The data was collected from 7 teachers working at private kindergartens through focus group interviews (FGI) and individual follow-up interviews. The participants' conversation in the FGI and their responses in the individual interviews were analyzed according to the principles of thematic coding. The participants described the barriers from recording a child anecdote in private kindergarten and at the same time their voices implied the possibilities to overcome the difficulties. All descriptions of the participants were converged on the 3 themes with rhetoric of "from A to B". For becoming anecdotal records in kindergarten, in summary, the records at the present should be changed 1) "from formal and faithless documentation to fluent resources of children's development", 2) "from disconnectedness between the records and curriculum to recursive circulation for improving pedagogical realities", and 3) "from canned documentation written by a struggling teacher to meaningful writing produced by a teacher like researcher".