• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.149-153
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• 2001

This study was performed to examine the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of synthetic or natural preservative. Fibroblast cells L929 were used for cytotoxicity test and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Trichoderma reesei ATCC6967 were used for antibacterial and antifungal activities. Benzalkonium chloride(BAC) as a synthetic preservative and chitosan as a natural preservative were used for this study. Minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of BAC was 0.1~0.01% for P. aeruginosa and 0.001~0.0001% for S. aureus and 0.1~0.01% for T. reesei, MIC of chitosan was 2% for P. aeruginosa and 1I % for S. aureus. This study suggest that chitosan might be useful as an eyedrop.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.47-78
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• 1999

Hoichunyonggyuksan(HCYGS) and Yongseksan(YSS) are important prescriptions that have been used in oriental medicine for stomatitis and wound healing. The study was done to evaluate the inhibitory effects of cytotoxicity, formation of superoxide on the macrophage and neutrophil, prostaglandins($PGE_2$), interleukins($IL-1{\Beta}$), collagenase activity and synthesis of collagen and DNA. The results were obtained as fo1lows: 1. HCYGS and YSS were not showed the proliferation difference of human fibroblast and monocyte in all concentrations to be experimented and in result, it was concluded that they have no cytotoxicity. 2. YSS inhibited the formation of superoxide to $48\% at the concentration of $0.001\%$ in the mouse monocyte. 3. HCYGS inhibited the formation of superoxide to $13\%$ at the concentration of $0.001\%$ as compared with control in the human monocyte. 4. HCYGS and YSS inhibited the formation of superoxide to $25\%\;and\;35\%$ respectively at the concentration of $0.0001\%\;and\;HCYGS\;showed\;38\%$ inhihitory rate on the formation of superoxide at concentration of $0.001\%$ in the human neutrophil. 5. The concentration of inhibiting the production of prostaglandins($PGE_2$) to $11\%$ in the human monocyte stimulated with E. coli were $0.01\%$ of HCYGS. 6. The concentration of inhibiting the production of interleukins($IL-l{\Beta}$) to $43\%\;and\;39\%$ in the human monocyte stimulated with E. coli were $0.01\%$ of HCYGS and YSS. 7. HCYGS and YSS didn't influence on collagen synthesis and total protein in fibroblasts. 8. HCYGS and YSS inhibited the collagenase activity to $22\%\;and\;19\%\;at\;0.1\%,\;45\%\;and\;56\%\;at\;0.2\%,\;57\%\;and\;52\%$ at $0.5\%$ respectively, but YSS exerted the inhibitory effect on collagenase activity to $27\%$ at the lower concentration of $0.01\%$. 9. HCYGS and YSS didn't show the faster recovary than control group hut exerted the consistant effect on the anti-inflammations and the formation of granulation tissue.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.105-117
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• 2020

Agaricus blazei Murill (Almond mushroom) has many beneficial effects, such as anti-cancer, immuneenhancement, and anti-obesity. Also, its skin benefits have been reported for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and whitening. In order to elucidate these effects, many studies have been conducted. In this study, we reconfirmed the skin efficacy of the extract of the mushrooms mushrooms. The Agaricus blazei extract showed inhibition of melanin synthesis, enhancement of collagen synthesis, and up-regulation of gene expression (hyaluronan syntahase-2, 3 and aquaporin-3) at 100 ㎍/mL. and identified the ingredients from the extract. We further investigated them to find an applicability as cosmetic ingredients. The ingredients were confirmed comparison of their spectroscopic data with literature values. They were identified as being ergosterol (1), 5-dihydroergosterol (2), cerevisterol (3), cerebroside B (4), cerebroside D (5), adenosine (6), and benzoic acid (7). Among these compounds, we evaluated skin efficacy for two cerebrosides and three ergosterol derivatives that have not been reported its efficacy. As a result, 5-dihydroergosterol (2) inhibited melanogenesis in B16F10 and promoted collagen biosynthesis in human dermal fibroblast. In addition, cerevisterol (3), cerebroside B (4), and cerebroside D (5) inhibited NO production in RAW 264.7 cell. In particular, cerebroside D (5) increased the expression of hyaluronan synthase-2 and aquaporin-3 genes in HaCaT. These results suggest that Agaricus blazei extract and isolated compounds can be used as cosmetic ingredients.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2020

Iron oxide nanoparticles were microencapsulated using fibroin, a protein polymer of silk fiber, for theragnostic applications. The content of iron oxide was determined to be 4.28% by thermogravimetric analysis and 5.11% by magnetometer. A suspension of murine fibroblast 3T3 cells grown in medium supplemented with iron oxide-microcapsules turned clear in response to the magnetic force and the cells aggregated to the magnet direction. Neodymium magnets placed on the top of the culture dish, and attracted cells to the center of the culture surface. The cells collected on the culture surface aggregated to form a rough spheroid of 2 mm in a diameter after 72 h. In the outer layer of the cell aggregate, cells were relatively large and gathered together to form a dense tissue, but the central part was observed to undergo cell death due to the mass transfer restriction. In the outer layer, iron oxide-microcapsules were lined up like chains in the direction of magnetic force. Using microCT, it was demonstrated that the iron oxides inside the cell aggregate were not evenly distributed but biased to the magnetic direction.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.333-343
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• 2004

Statement of problem: In its preceding work, change in surface characteristics were investigated in consideration that both microtopograpy and macroscopic configuration of implants surface are two of the most important factors, in that they can construct agreeable environment by raising surface energy, to affect osseointegration and biocompatibility explained by cell proliferation. Purpose: This study focused on examining cytocompatibility of dental implants materials Ti-Ag alloys, of which mechanical and electrochemical superiority to cp-Ti or Ti6Al4V were verified, in comparison with that of cp-Ti, and Ti6Al4V. Materials and methods: In this regard, MTT tests for L-929, the fibroblast connective tissues and cell proliferation tests for osteoprogenitor cells, MC3T3-E1 were performed on cp-Ti, Ti6Al4V, and Ti-Ag alloys following thermal oxidation according to appropriate heat treatment temperature(untreated, 400, 600, $800^{\circ}C$) and heat treatment duration(untreated, 0.5, 1, 4 hr). Results: The MTT tests on fibroblasts L-929 resulted in cell viability of over 90% in all experimental group entities, where, especially, the 100% of the viability for Ti-Ag alloys specimens accounted for the slightest adverse effect of ions release from those alloys on the cell. In MC3T3-E1 proliferation tests, the population of cells in the experimental group was roughly increased as experimentation proceeded, after two to four days. Proliferation showed highest viability for most of specimens, including Ti2.0Ag, treated at $600^{\circ}C$. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is the heat treatment temperature, not the duration that has considerable effects on thermal oxidation of specimens. Ti-Ag alloys treated at $600^{\circ}C$ proved to have the best surface morphology as well as cytocompatibility when compared with Ti or Ti6Al4V for short-term biocompatibility tests.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.216-229
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• 1996

Interferon(IFN) is a sort of glycoproteins that are produced by activated lymphocyte, monocyte and fibroblast. IFN has anti-viral effects, immuno-defensive mechanism and regulating properties to the several kinds of cells that includes affect on the bone formation and resorption. The effect of IFN on the osteoclast & other tissue cells has been studied in a number of researchers with the limited reports on the osteoblast. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of IFN on the osteoblastic function. The MC3T3/El cell(Mouse osteoblast) was incubated in ${\alpha}-minimum$ essential medium containing 10% FBS. To detect the cytotoxic effect of $IFN-{\gamma}$ on osteoblast, the cells were cultured in 96-well plate to which $IFN-{\gamma}$ of various concentrations were added for 2 days. After staining with trypan blue, total cells and living cells were counted under microscope. To determine the activity of alkaline phosphataset(ALP), various concentrations of $IFN-{\gamma}$ were treated to culture medium, and biochemical assay was performed. $IFN-{\gamma}$ and $IFN-{\gamma}$ plus cycloheximide were added to culture medium separately and then ALP activity were determined. To detect the effect of the $IFN-{\gamma}$ on the bone formation of osteoblast, long-term culture was performed, and calcified nodule formation were observed using von Kossa's staining. After the addition of $IFN-{\gamma}$ with various concentrations to the medium, no cytotoxic effect of $IFN-{\gamma}$ was detected at any concentration. The significant increase in ALP activity of osteoblast were found the concentration of $IFN-{\gamma}$ 500-2500U/ml and the culture time of 24-48 hours respectively. The enhancement of ALP activity by $IFN-{\gamma}$ of osteoblast was decreased significantly by the treatment of cycloheximide. After long-term culture of osteoblast, the nodule formation was found to be increased in number and density by the addition of 500 U/ml $IFN-{\gamma}$. These results suggest that $IFN-{\gamma}$ was affected on the bone formation of osteoblast. Forthemore this kind of study or $IFN-{\gamma}$ to osteoblast will be held continuously.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.526-538
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• 2010

Objective : This study was performed to investigate the effect of Sunhwangigagambang(SHG) on hyperlipidemia in SD rats induced by high cholesterol diet. Method : After treatment with SHG, cytotoxicity, body weight, liver weight, AST, ALT, ALP, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, albumin, total protein in serum, malondialdehyde, and gene expression for ACAT and HMG-CoA reductase in hepatic tissue were analyzed. Result : 1. SHG didn't show any cytotoxicity in both human fibroblast cell line and SD rats. 2. SHG significantly inhibited the increase of liver weight by high cholesterol diet compared to the control group. 3. SHG significantly ameliorated the increase of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride and reduction of HDL-cholesterol compared to the control group. 4. SHG significantly reduced glucose level in serum compared to the control group. 5. SHG significantly reduced malondialdehyde in hepatic tissue compared to the control group. 6. SHG significantly down-regulated gene expression of ACAT and HMG-CoA reductase compared to the control group. Conclusion : These results suggest that SHG might be effective in treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.856-865
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• 2007

Caveolin-1 of the caveolin family of proteins regulates mammary gland development and has been shown to play a contradictory role in breast tumor progression. A specific anti-Caveolin-1 antibody will be useful for functional study of Caveolin-1 in different tissues. In this study, we generated a rabbit polyclonal antibody that specifically recognizes the N-terminal amino acids 50-65 of Caveolin-1. This polyclonal antibody specifically reacted with Caveolin-1 extracted from cells of different species, including human epithelial A431 cells, goat primary mammary epithelial cells and mice fibroblast NIH 3T3 cells, by Western blotting. Endogenous Caveolin-1 protein expressing in cells and normal human tissues was detected by this polyclonal antibody using immunocytofluorescent and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Furthermore, an apparent decrease in Caveolin-1 expression in tumorous breast and colon tissues was detected by this polyclonal antibody. In conclusion, we have identified amino acids 50-65 of Caveolin-1, which contains an epitope that is specific to Caveolin-1 and is conserved in the human, goat and mouse. In future, this anti-Caveolin-1 antibody can be used to examine the progression of breast and colon cancers and to study functions of Caveolin-1 in human, goat and mouse cells.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.499-504
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• 2012

This study attempted to investigate the effects of resveratrol on the differentiation of adipocytes. After cells were treated with various concentrations of resveratrol (0, 10, 20, and 40 ${\mu}mol/L$), adipocyte proliferation, the protein expression of transcription factors, and MMPs' activities were determined. Cell proliferation was inhibited more within 4 days of incubation (P<0.05), and lipid accumulation in adipocyte was significantly inhibited by 93.8%, 92.4% and 91.5%, respectively, after two days of 10, 20, and 40 ${\mu}mol/L$ resveratrol treatment (P<0.05). Six days of incubation with the three resveratrol concentrations caused a significantly decreases of 63%, 59.9%, and 25.1% GPDH activity as a dose-dependent response. The triglyceride concentration also decreased significantly with the increase of resveratrol concentration (P<0.05). The protein expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/$EBP{\beta}$) was decreased significantly by 56% and 30% while $PPAR{\gamma}$ was significantly reduced by 57% and 15% with resveratrol treatments of 20 and 40 ${\mu}mol/L$, respectively (P<0.05). The protein expression of C/$EBP{\alpha}$ was decreased by 83%, 74%, and 38% to increased dosage levels, with significance determined for this decrease from 20 ${\mu}mol/L$ of resveratrol. The protein expression of fatty acid binding protein (FABP4) was decreased significantly by 88%, 72%, and 46% with the increase of resveratrol concentration. The activity of MMP-2 was decreased significantly by 84%, 70%, and 63% while MMP-9 activity was decreased significantly by 74%, 62%, and 39% with the increased resveratrol concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 ${\mu}mol/L$, respectively (P<0.05).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.5131-5136
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• 2012

Cancer is one of the major health problems worldwide and its current treatments have a number of undesired adverse side effects. Natural compounds may reduce these. Currently, a few plant products are being used to treat cancer. In this study, goniothalamin, a natural occurring styryl-lactone extracted from Goniothalamus macrophyllus, was investigated for cytotoxic properties against cervical cancer (HeLa), breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and colon cancer (HT29) cells as well as normal mouse fibroblast (3T3) using MTT assay. Fluorescence microscopy showed that GTN is able to induce apoptosis in HeLa cells in a time dependent manner. Flow cytometry further revealed HeLa cells treated with GTN to be arrested in the S phase. Phosphatidyl serine properties present during apoptosis enable early detection of the apoptosis in the cells. Using annexin V/PI double staining it could be shown that GTN induces early apoptosis on HeLa cells after 24, 48 and 72 h. It could be concluded that goniothalamin showing a promising cytotoxicity effect against several cancer cell lines including cervical cancer cells (HeLa) with apoptosis as the mode of cell death induced on HeLa cells by Goniothalamin was.