• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.316-330
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• 2008

This paper proposes a novel method for transporting various types of user traffic effectively over the next generation network called integrated services digital network 3 (ISDN3) (or quantum network) using quantum packets. Basically, a quantum packet comprises one or more 53-byte quanta as generated by a "quantumization" process. While connection-oriented traffic is supported by fixed-size quantum packets each with one quantum to emulate circuit switching, connectionless traffic (e.g., IP packets and active packets) is carried by variable-size quantum packets with multiple quanta to support store-and-forward switching/routing. Our aim is to provide frame-like or datagram-like services while enabling cell-based multiplexing. The quantum packet method also establishes a flexible and extensible framework that caters for future packetization needs while maintaining backward compatibility with ATM. In this paper, we discuss the design of the quantum packet method, including its format, the "quantumization" process, and support for different types of user traffic. We also present an analytical model to evaluate the consumption of network resources (or network costs) when quantum packets are employed to transfer loss-sensitive data using three different approaches: cut-through, store-and-forward and ideal. Close form mathematical expressions are obtained for some situations. In particular, in terms of network cost, we discover two interesting equivalence phenomena for the cut-through and store-and-forward approaches under certain conditions and assumptions. Furthermore, analytical and simulation results are presented to study the system behavior. Our analysis provides valuable insights into the. design of the ISDN3/quantum network.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.10B
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• pp.939-945
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• 2008

Tn this paper we described the process and the results of an implementation of Internet terminal using G.729.1 wideband speech codec for next generation network. For this purpose firstly we chose a high performance RISC application processor having DSP features for speech codec processing and enhanced Multimedia Accelerator(eMMA) function for video codec. In the implementation of this terminal, we used G.729.1 codec recently standardized in ITU-T which is a new scalable speech and audio codec that extends 0.729 speech coding standard. To adopt G.729.1 codec to this terminal we transformed most of the fixed point C codes which require more complexity into assembly codes so as to minimize processing time in the processor. As a result of this work we reduced the execution time of the original C codes about 80% and operated in real time on the terminal. For video we used H.263/MPEG-4 codec which is supported by the eMMA with hardware in the processor. In the SIP call processing test connected to real network we obtained under looms end-to-end delay and 3.8 MOS value measured with PESQ instrument. Besides this terminal operated well with commercial terminals.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.1555-1560
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• 2012

Recently, it has been increasing attention on health care that can provide remote medical service to an aging population, people with disabilities and people having a medical checkup periodically due to increasing people's average life span. Home health care system should provide reasonable cost, on-line basic health status monitoring, embedded basic medical helper function and intuitive interface. In this paper, we developed a prototype of 3G networked pulse measurement system that can detect pulse signal information from subject's fingertip using the optical sensor. The prototype had been analyzed in terms of abnormalities, feeling, timing and pulse counting accuracy. Finally we evaluated its suitability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.628-631
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• 2014

Recently, the proliferation of new applications, e.g., mobile TV, Internet gaming, large file transfer, and the various of user terminals, e.g., smart phones and notebooks, has dramatically increased user traffic and network load. In order to meet this traffic growth, vendors and cellular operators are working on the development of new technologies and cellular standards. Within them, small cell deployment has been heralded as one of most promising way to increase both coverage and capacity of future cellular network. Small cell technology enables to improve capacity of cellular radio network by tight cooperation between small cell and macro cell in multi-tier network where small cells are densely deployed within macro cell coverage. In this paper, we describe the deployment scenarios for cooperation between macro cell and small cells and state-of-the-art technologies related to dense small cell deployment. Then, we also provide design principles and standardization trends for small cell enhancement in 3GPP.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.10C
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• pp.764-777
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• 2008

In 4G environments, which is the next generation technology for mobile network, it is forecasted that the wireless Internet using a mobile devices such as a mobile phone, PDA will increase because of expansion of Internet and integration of heterogeneous networks. Therefore, we need a Digital ID management technology that can prevent illegal uses and manage private information efficiently in wired and wireless environments. In this paper, we analyze various Digital ID management technologies, and then define requirements of user-centric Digital ID management technology. In addition, we newly propose the authentication mechanism for mobile applications in LTE/SAE network. Finally, we propose the mobile Digital ID Wallet mechanism suitable for 4G environments.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.240-248
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• 2003

This paper analyzes mobile agent performance in network management compared to the client-server model used in the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). Prototypes of an application that gathers MIB-II (Management Information Base-II) variables have been created and tested on a LAN. After acquiring implementation parameters related to network management and to the mobile agent infrastructure, simulation results have been obtained on large topologies similar in shape to the Internet. Response time results show that mobile agents perform better than SNMP when the number of managed elements ranges between two specific limits, an inferior bound and a superior one, determined by the number of messages that pass through a backbone and by the mobile agent size which grows along with MIB-II variables collected on network elements. The results also show that a significant improvement is achieved when the mobile agent returns or sends data to the management station after visiting a fixed number of nodes.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.427-448
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• 2016

The stochastic phenomena of traffic network condition, such as traffic speed and density, are affected not only by exogenous traffic control but also by endogenous changes in service time during congestion. In this paper, we propose a mixed M/G/1 queuing model by introducing a condition-varying parameter of traffic congestion to reflect structural changes in the traffic network. We also develop congestion indices to evaluate network efficiency in terms of traffic flow and economic cost in traffic operating system using structure-changing queuing model, and perform scenario analysis according to various traffic network improvement policies. Empirical analysis using Korean highway traffic operating system shows that our suggested model better captures structural changes in the traffic queue. The scenario analysis also shows that occasional reversible lane operation during peak times can be more efficient and feasible than regular lane extension in Korea.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.155-160
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• 2016

The Pulse Coupled Neural Network (PCNN) is a kind of neural network models that consists of spiking neurons and local connections. The PCNN was originally proposed as a model that can reproduce the synchronous phenomena of the neurons in the cat visual cortex. Recently, the PCNN has been applied to the various image processing applications, e.g., image segmentation, edge detection, pattern recognition, and so on. The method for the image matching using the PCNN had been proposed as one of the valuable applications of the PCNN. In this method, the Genetic Algorithm is applied to the PCNN parameter learning for the image matching. In this study, we propose the method of the similar image rating using the PCNN. In our method, the Genetic Algorithm based method is applied to the parameter learning of the PCNN. We show the performance of our method by simulations. From the simulation results, we evaluate the efficiency and the general versatility of our parameter learning method.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.39.1-39.8
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• 2020

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic, progressive brain disorder that slowly destroys affected individuals' memory and reasoning faculties, and consequently, their ability to perform the simplest tasks. This study investigated the hub genes of AD. Proteins interact with other proteins and non-protein molecules, and these interactions play an important role in understanding protein function. Computational methods are useful for understanding biological problems, in particular, network analyses of protein-protein interactions. Through a protein network analysis, we identified the following top 10 hub genes associated with AD: PTGER3, C3AR1, NPY, ADCY2, CXCL12, CCR5, MTNR1A, CNR2, GRM2, and CXCL8. Through gene enrichment, it was identified that most gene functions could be classified as integral to the plasma membrane, G-protein coupled receptor activity, and cell communication under gene ontology, as well as involvement in signal transduction pathways. Based on the convergent functional genomics ranking, the prioritized genes were NPY, CXCL12, CCR5, and CNR2.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.72-77
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• 2002

This paper introduces the Future Technologies for Universal Radio Environment (FUTURE), which is China's wireless communications research project oriented to beyond 3G systems. The features and basic requirements of the FUTURE project are described, and the system structure, which is based on IPv6 core network, is proposed. The key techniques for FUTURE project are also addressed.