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An Analysis of Inquiry Activities in Chemistry II Textbook by Using 3-Dimensional Analysis Framework (3차원 분석틀을 이용한 화학II 교과서의 탐구활동 분석)

  • Seok Hee Lee;Yong Keun Kim;Seong Bae Moon
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.47 no.4
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    • pp.391-400
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    • 2003
  • This study was performed the analysis of seven kinds of the hight school chemistry II textbooks based on the 6th curriculum. Particularly, inquiry activity part was analyzed by the three dimension framework which consists of inquiry content dimension, inquiry process dimension and inquiry context dimension. In the analysis of the inquiry content dimension of inquiry activities, the total number of themes in seven kinds of textbook was 212. And the number of inquiry activities in seven kinds of textbook was diverse: A textbook had 28, B textbook 25, C textbook 31, D textbook 35, E textbook 31, F textbook 29 and G textbook 33. As for the avaerage number of inquiry activities of each chapter, chapter I "Material Science" is 3.00(9.91${\%}$), chapter II "Atomic Structure and Periodic Table" 4.57(15.1${\%}$), chapter III "Chemical Bonding and Compound" 6.86(22.6${\%}$), chapter IV "State of Matter and Solution" 7.00(23.1${\%}$), chapter V "Chemical Reaction" 8.86(29.2${\%}$). For the analysis of inquiry process dimension, it follows in the order of 'observation and measuring (66.7${\%}$)', 'Interpreting data and formulating generalizations (26.5${\%}$)', 'seeing a problem and seeking ways to solve it (4.1%)', and 'building, testing and revising the theoretical model (2.7${\%}$)'. As for the analysis of the inquiry context dimension, the scientific context occupied 90.5${\%}$, the individual context 4.3${\%}$, the social context 0.9${\%}$, and the technical context 4.3${\%}$. It shows that the proportion of STS(Science-Technology-Society) related contents in inquiry activities was only 9.5${\%}$.

Seismic response characteristics of the hypothetical subsea tunnel in the fault zone with various material properties (다양한 물성의 단층대를 통과하는 가상해저터널의 지진 시 응답 특성)

  • Jang, Dong In;Kwak, Chang-Won;Park, Inn-Joon;Kim, Chang-Yong
    • Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.1061-1071
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    • 2018
  • A subsea tunnel, being a super-sized underground structure must ensure safety at the time of earthquake, as well as at ordinary times. At the time of earthquake, in particular, of a subsea tunnel, a variety of response behaviors are induced owing to relative rigidity to the surrounding ground, or difference of displacement, so that the behavior characteristics can be hardly anticipated. The investigation aims to understand the behavior characteristics switched by earthquake of an imaginary subsea tunnel which passes through a fault zone having different physical properties from those of the surrounding ground. In order to achieve the aim, dynamic response behaviors of a subsea tunnel which passes through a fault zone were observed by means of indoor experiments. For the sake of improved earthquake resistance, a shape of subsea tunnel to which flexible segments have been applied was considered. Afterward, it is believed that a D/B can be established through 3-dimensional earthquake resistance interpretation of various grounds, on the basis of verified results from the experiments and interpretations under various conditions. The present investigation performed 1 g shaking table test in order to verify the result of 3-dimensional earthquake resistance interpretation. A model considering the similitude (1:100) of a scale-down model test was manufactured, and tests for three (3) Cases were carried out. Incident seismic wave was introduced by artificial seismic wave having both long-period and short-period earthquake properties in the horizontal direction which is rectangular to the processing direction of the tunnel, so that a fault zone was modeled. For numerical analysis, elastic modulus of the fault zone was assumed 1/5 value of the modulus of individual grounds surround the tunnel, in order to simulate a fault zone. Resultantly, reduced acceleration was confirmed with increase of physical properties of the fault zone, and the result from the shaking table test showed the same tendency as the result from 3-dimensional interpretation.

A Geochemical Indicator in Exploration for the Kalaymyo Chromitite Deposit, Myanmar (미얀마 깔레이미요 크롬철석광상 탐사의 지구화학적 인자)

  • Park, Jung-Woo;Park, Gyuseung;Heo, Chul-Ho;Kim, Jihyuk
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.50 no.6
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    • pp.423-433
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    • 2017
  • Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources and Department of Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration in Myanmar have explored the Kalaymyo chromitite deposit, Myanmar since 2013. It is now necessary to find a geochemical indicator for efficient mineral exploration in the future and building a 3D geological model for this ore deposit. Mantle podiform chromitite is a major type of Cr ore in this region, which is considered to be formed by mantle-melt interaction beneath the mantle-crust boundary of oceanic lithosphere. In this study we measured major element composition of spinels in harzburgite, dunite and chromitite, and examined the hypothesis that spinel Cr#(molar Cr/(Cr+Al)${\times}$100) can be used as a geochemical indicator in exploration for the Kalaymyo chromitite. The results show that there is a clear correlation between spinel Cr# and distribution of chromitite. The spinel Cr# of harzburgite increases with decreasing the distance from the chromitite bodies. The spinel composition is also closely associated with texture and occurrence of spinels. The high Cr# spinels (30-48) are subhedral to euhedral and enclosed by olivine whereas the low Cr# spinels (16-27) are anhedral and commonly associated with pyroxenes. Often the low Cr# spinels show symplectite intergrowths with pyroxenes, indicating their residual nature. These petrological and geochemical results suggest that the high Cr# spinels have resulted from mantle-melt interaction. We suggest that spinel Cr# can be used as a geochemical indicator for Cr ore exploration and as one of critical factors in 3D geological model in the Kalaymyo chromitite deposit.

Development and Application of Business Model Planting & Check Framework for Starts-Up Entrepreneur (비즈니스 모델 수립 및 점검 프레임워크를 이용한 창업기업 사례 연구 (대덕R&D특구 내 IT기술기반 창업기업 적용사례 중심으로))

  • Seo, Jin-Won;Min, Kyung-Se
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.73-103
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    • 2008
  • Over the past few years, "business models" has surged into the management vocabulary. But, while it has become quite fashionable to discuss business models, there has been still much confusion about what are business models and how they could make. In fact, business models can serve a positive and powerful role in corporate management. While other authors have recently offered definitions of "business model", none of them appears to be generally accepted. This paper presents the absence of the generally definition of the business models, elements of business model and classify business logic. To help start-up entrepreneurs better understand, found and check business models thus, this paper propose a method of business model, understanding, founding and checking. The dissertation will present an effective business model building method which is necessary for the start-up entrepreneurs to start business. This paper consists of three parts. first is showing the previous study of business model. The second is the re-definition business model and elements based on the first and to present a new method of business model plating and checking for start-up IT (information technology) company's entrepreneurs. The last is application of the methode. This study applied the methode to a company which is located in "DAEDEOK INNOPOLIS"; this company has specialized Information technology.

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Accuracy Analysis on 3-D Coordinates According to the Variation of Photo Direction and of Convergent Angle in Close-Range Photogrammetry (근거리(近距離) 사진측량(寫眞測量)의 촬영방향(撮影方向)과 수렴각변화(收斂角變化)에 따른 3차원(三次元) 좌표결정(座標決定)의 정확도(正確度) 분석(分析))

  • Yeu, Bock Mo;Sohn, Duk Jae
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.125-133
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    • 1989
  • For convergent photos, which are now widely adopted for terrestrial facility survey, a number of experimental studies and theoretical studies on the developments of accuracy predictional model according to the convergent angle change have been accomplished. And such studies are basically depend on the symmetrical geometric configuration at the normal direction to the center of the object. However, in may cases of facility survey such as building facades, bridges, dam surfaces, relatively flat topography, etc., the object features are almost like planar, and frequently the surroundings do not allow the photo station at normal direction, and the sufficient convergent angle can be hardly achieved. Considering those points, in this study, the accuracy analysis on three dimensional coordinates according to the variations of photo direction and of convergent angle to the planar object were attempted, and the optimum geometric configurations at the normal, side-looking, and the most side-looking direction were investigated. The result through this study show that from normal direction to the side-looking direction angle ${\tau}=30^{\circ}$, the larger the convergent angle, the higher the accuracy, and in case that right photo is at the most side-looking direction, the better accuracy can be achieved according to the convergent angle increase up to $60^{\circ}$.

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Application of Support Vector Regression for Improving the Performance of the Emotion Prediction Model (감정예측모형의 성과개선을 위한 Support Vector Regression 응용)

  • Kim, Seongjin;Ryoo, Eunchung;Jung, Min Kyu;Kim, Jae Kyeong;Ahn, Hyunchul
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.185-202
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    • 2012
  • .Since the value of information has been realized in the information society, the usage and collection of information has become important. A facial expression that contains thousands of information as an artistic painting can be described in thousands of words. Followed by the idea, there has recently been a number of attempts to provide customers and companies with an intelligent service, which enables the perception of human emotions through one's facial expressions. For example, MIT Media Lab, the leading organization in this research area, has developed the human emotion prediction model, and has applied their studies to the commercial business. In the academic area, a number of the conventional methods such as Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) or Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have been applied to predict human emotion in prior studies. However, MRA is generally criticized because of its low prediction accuracy. This is inevitable since MRA can only explain the linear relationship between the dependent variables and the independent variable. To mitigate the limitations of MRA, some studies like Jung and Kim (2012) have used ANN as the alternative, and they reported that ANN generated more accurate prediction than the statistical methods like MRA. However, it has also been criticized due to over fitting and the difficulty of the network design (e.g. setting the number of the layers and the number of the nodes in the hidden layers). Under this background, we propose a novel model using Support Vector Regression (SVR) in order to increase the prediction accuracy. SVR is an extensive version of Support Vector Machine (SVM) designated to solve the regression problems. The model produced by SVR only depends on a subset of the training data, because the cost function for building the model ignores any training data that is close (within a threshold ${\varepsilon}$) to the model prediction. Using SVR, we tried to build a model that can measure the level of arousal and valence from the facial features. To validate the usefulness of the proposed model, we collected the data of facial reactions when providing appropriate visual stimulating contents, and extracted the features from the data. Next, the steps of the preprocessing were taken to choose statistically significant variables. In total, 297 cases were used for the experiment. As the comparative models, we also applied MRA and ANN to the same data set. For SVR, we adopted '${\varepsilon}$-insensitive loss function', and 'grid search' technique to find the optimal values of the parameters like C, d, ${\sigma}^2$, and ${\varepsilon}$. In the case of ANN, we adopted a standard three-layer backpropagation network, which has a single hidden layer. The learning rate and momentum rate of ANN were set to 10%, and we used sigmoid function as the transfer function of hidden and output nodes. We performed the experiments repeatedly by varying the number of nodes in the hidden layer to n/2, n, 3n/2, and 2n, where n is the number of the input variables. The stopping condition for ANN was set to 50,000 learning events. And, we used MAE (Mean Absolute Error) as the measure for performance comparison. From the experiment, we found that SVR achieved the highest prediction accuracy for the hold-out data set compared to MRA and ANN. Regardless of the target variables (the level of arousal, or the level of positive / negative valence), SVR showed the best performance for the hold-out data set. ANN also outperformed MRA, however, it showed the considerably lower prediction accuracy than SVR for both target variables. The findings of our research are expected to be useful to the researchers or practitioners who are willing to build the models for recognizing human emotions.

Deriving geological contact geometry from potential field data (포텐셜 필드 자료를 이용한 지짙학적 경계 구조 해석)

  • Ugalde, Hernan;Morris, William A.
    • Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.40-50
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    • 2010
  • The building process of any geological map involves linking sparse lithological outcrop information with equally sparse geometrical measurements, all in a single entity which is the preferred interpretation of the field geologist. The actual veracity of this interpretative map is partially dependent upon the frequency and distribution of geological outcrops compounded by the complexity of the local geology. Geophysics is commonly used as a tool to augment the distribution of data points, however it normally does not have sufficient geometrical constraints due to: a) all geophysical inversion models being inherently non-unique; and b) the lack of knowledge of the physical property contrasts associated with specific lithologies. This contribution proposes the combined use of geophysical edge detection routines and 'three point' solutions from topographic data as a possible approach to obtaining geological contact geometry information (strike and dip), which can be used in the construction of a preliminary geological model. This derived geological information should first be assessed for its compatibility with the scale of the problem, and any directly observed geological data. Once verified it can be used to help constrain the preferred geological map interpretation being developed by the field geologist. The method models the contacts as planar surfaces. Therefore, it must be ensured that this assumption fits the scale and geometry of the problem. Two examples are shown from folded sequences at the Bathurst Mining Camp, New Brunswick, Canada.

Impact of the Local Surface Characteristics and the Distance from the Center of Heat Island to Suburban Areas on the Night Temperature Distribution over the Seoul Metropolitan Area (수도권 열섬 중심으로부터 교외까지의 거리 및 국지적 지표특성이 야간 기온분포에 미치는 영향)

  • Yi, Chae-Yeon;Kim, Kyu-Rang;An, Seung-Man;Choi, Young-Jean
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.35-49
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    • 2014
  • In order to understand the impacts of surface characteristics and the distance from the urban heat island center to suburban areas on the mean night time air temperature, we analyzed GIS and AWS observational data. Spatial distributions of mean night time air temperature during the summer and winter periods of 2004-2011(six years) were utilized. Results show that the temperature gradients were different by distance and direction. We found high correlation between mean night-time air temperature and artificial land cover area within 1km and 200m radii during both summer(R=0.84) and winter(R=0.78) seasons. Regression models either from 1km and 200m land surface data explained the distribution of night-time temperature equally well if the input data had sufficient resolution with detailed attribute including building area and height.

An Analysis of Inquiry Activities in the Chemistry Parts of Middle School Science Textbook Based on the Sixth Curriculum (제 6차 교육과정에 따른 중학교 과학(화학부분) 교과서의 탐구활동 분석)

  • Moon, Seong Bae;Jun, Sung Ae;Kim, Yun Hi
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.162-176
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    • 2001
  • This study was covered with the analysis of five kinds of the middle school science text books(chemistry part) based on the oth curriculum. Particularly, inquiry activities part was analyzed by the three dimension framework which consists of inquiry content dimension, inquiry process dimension and inquiry context dimension and the results are as follows;1. In the analysis of the contents in the middle school science textbooks(chemistry part), the average number of total pages was 197.6. The illustration and picture were contained 0.66 in number per a page, and the average number of further readings was 5.8.2. In the analysis of the inquiry content dimension of inquiry activities, the total number of themes in five kinds of textbooks was 222. And the number of imquiry activities in five kinds of textbooks was siverse : A textbook had 51, B texbook 49, C textbook 37 and E textbook 35.3. For the analysis of inquiry process dimension. it follows in the order of 'interpreing data and formulating generalizations (42.4%)','observation and measuring (38.1%)','seeing a problem and seeking ways to solve it (7.8%)' and 'building, testing and revising the theoretical model(11.7%)'.4. As for the analysis of the inquiry context dimension, the scientific context occupied 94.2%, the individual context 0.4%, the social context 2.7% and the technical context 2.7%. It shows that the proportion of STS(Science-Technology-Society) related contents in inquiry activities was only 5.8%.

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Comparative Analysis of Construction Productivity for Modernized Korean Housing (Hanok) (보급형 신한옥 개발을 위한 건설 생산성 분석)

  • Kim, Min;Kim, Yesol;Lee, YunSub;Jung, Youngsoo
    • Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.107-114
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    • 2013
  • The interest in traditional Korean housing has greatly increasing in Korean housing market. However, it is difficult to wildly disseminate for a high construction cost reason. In order to effectively facilitate the Hanok construction, Korean government has initiated a project that develops a new style Korean housing, which meets the requirements of low cost and modernized life style. Cost of building is mainly affected by materials and construction methods. Hanok has some special commodities those significantly impact the cost. In order to effectively cut down the costs, well-organized planning for costs is very important. Also, improving the productivity by utilizing new materials and methods can result in cost down. In this context, this paper compared and analyzed two different types of Korean housing; one is a modernized Korean house which used new materials and methods, the other is a traditional Korean house which was build up by purely traditional methods. Productivity has also been compared and analyzed for 5 major commodities between two types of models. Based on these comparative data, effect of cost down by new model has been analyzed. As a result it is confirmed that by using the new materials and methods could highly effect to increasing productivity and cost down. Especially, the cost of Roofing have been more influenced by using new material while the Wood and Finishes have been influenced by new construction method. Construction cost of Foundation (Earthwork, Concrete, Masonry) and Openings were influenced both factors, changing of materials and methods.