• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.115-124
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• 2018

Various kinds of tile-based ultra-high resolution display devices have been developed by, for example, constructing display walls using many commodity LCD displays. To represent 3D applications like computer games on these devices, one has to develop 3D applications or develop particular APIs only for representing on these devices. If one can develop a distributed rendering system using legacy 3D APIs such as OpenGL and Direct3D by extending a remote rendering system, commercial computer games can be represented on such display devices without modifying their source codes. The purpose of the paper is to propose a new Dired3D-based distribute rendering system by extending a Direct3D-based remote rendering system and to show its feasibility technically by appling it to a sample Direct3D application and performing a few experimentations.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.1160-1168
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• 2008

Recent technological innovations of mobile hardware which make it possible to implement real-time 3D rendering effects under mobile environment have provided a potential to develop realistic mobile application programs. This paper presents platform independent, OpenGL ES based, real-time mobile rendering libraries, called DMGL for supporting high quality 3D rendering on handhold devices. The libraries allows the programmers who develops mobile graphics softwares to generate varying advanced real-time 3D graphics effects without great effort. Moreover, GPGPU-based libraries give a set of functions to solve complex equations for simulating natural phenomena such as smoke and fire, and to render the results in real-time.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2015.04a
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• pp.851-854
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• 2015

게임, 영화, 애니메이션 분야에 이르기까지 3D 렌더링 기술은 많은 분야에 걸쳐 활용되고 있으며, 이러한 3D 렌더링 기술의 발전으로 현실감있는 표현이 점차 가능해지고 있다. 영화나 애니메이션이 많은 시간과 비용을 들여 고품질의 영상을 만들어 내는 반면에, 게임은 실시간으로 고품질의 영상을 만들어 내며, 이를 위해서는 많은 연산을 필요로 한다. 그래서 게임에 고품질의 렌더링 기술을 적용하기 위해서는 상당히 높은 성능의 하드웨어를 필요로 하며, 현재 점차 높은 성능의 하드웨어가 개발되고 보급되기 시작하면서, 게임에 실시간으로 적용 가능한 다양한 렌더링 기술이 개발되고 있는 상황이다. 하지만 이것은 PC 플랫폼만 국한된 상황이며, 모바일 기기가 가지는 성능상의 제약으로 인해서 모바일 기기에 이러한 PC 플랫폼 기반에서 적용되는 3D 렌더링 기술을 적용하기란 여간 힘든 일이 아닐 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 3D 렌더링 기술 중에 하나인 Ambient Occlusion 기법을, 모바일 디바이스가 제공하는 하드웨어적인 한계를 극복하고 보다 향상된 렌더링 속도로 기존 PC 환경과 유사한 효과를 표현하기 위한 렌더링 기법을 제안하고자 한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.94-101
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• 2007

From the flood of various informations and images, the producer and the consumer pursue a new method of images constantly. Especially the computer graphic field has affected the images greatly, and has changed the paradigm of images. The 3D animation which is a part of the computer graphics has two general trends(namely the photorealistic rendering and the non-photorealistic rendering) as to the final image. This study overviews the photorealistic rendering and the non-photorealistic rendering by analyzing the technical side and the artistic side. Also this study presents the applicable scope and the advanced directions of the NPR.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.40
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• pp.139-155
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• 2015

Animation is completed in accordance with the original planning of visual direction in the process of post-production. Especially, a variety of visualization skills to meet the planning idea are directed in editing and compositing processes such as rendering and shading in the production of 3D animation. Therefore, the studies how to implement these visual effects have been conducted since the emergence of the animation. The rendering method which appears in the recent animations so often is the effect of 2D animation style although it is applied by 3D technique. 3D animation can be classified as two types including photo realistic and non-photo realistic renderings. The former is to render the images realistically while the latter is to highlight the formative effect with analogue style free from the realism of the photographs. Visual effect of 2D animation is non-realistic, that is, non-photo realistic rendering. The animations produced by this method have the depth of 3D animation expression in terms of space and animating, and can direct the viewer-friendly analogue style visuals, which are widely used as a post-production effect. Hence in this study, we selected a short animation, 'Paperman,' one of Disney's animations, produced by cartoon rendering method which belongs to the class of non-photo rendering technique in 3D graphics, as our subject. We analyzed their techniques and visual effects of the scenes expressed by cartoon rendering method so as to understand whether they meet the original direction idea with the composition work. In addition, we expect further developments of post-production methods, exceeding the limit of graphic expression in alignment with the trend that has become more various in the types and genres of non-photo rendering.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.255-260
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• 2019

This study is about an efficient synthesis of $360^{\circ}$ video and 3D graphics. First, the video image filmed by a binocular integral type $360^{\circ}$ camera was stitched, and location values of the camera and objects were extracted. And the data of extracted location values were moved to the 3D program to create 3D objects, and the methods for natural compositing was researched. As a result, as the method for natural compositing of $360^{\circ}$ video image and 3D graphics, rendering factors and rendering method were derived. First, as for rendering factors, there were 3D objects' location and quality of material, lighting and shadow. Second, as for rendering method, actual video based rendering method's necessity was found. Providing the method for natural compositing of $360^{\circ}$ video image and 3D graphics through this study process and results is expected to be helpful for research and production of $360^{\circ}$ video image and VR video contents.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 2022

Image production using three-dimensional (3D) programs undergoes a process called rendering to visualize 3D data. Because this process is time-consuming and costly, the reduction of rendering cost has emerged as an important problem that requires resolution. This work aims to overcome the limitations of the current 3D image production pipeline and propose a method for reducing the production time by adopting a game engine for real-time rendering. In the experiment conducted in this study, rendering using Maya (a 3D production program) and Unity were compared and analyzed. The analysis results indicate that Unity enables rendering in real time; consequently, the rendering cost is reduced. Moreover, the quality of the rendered image is similar to that produced by Maya. The proposed technique involves reducing the render time and providing guidance through access to a real-time rendering engine.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2023.01a
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• pp.399-402
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 빛에 영향에 따른 유화의 변화를 보여주기 위해 2D 이미지 재조명과 색채변화를 반영한 회화적 렌더링 방법을 제안한다. 이 방법은 2D 이미지를 재조명하고 해당 음영 값을 가중치로 하여 색채변화를 반영해 렌더링한다. 이때 재조명의 경우 2D 이미지를 3D 이미지로 근사 추정하여 노말값을 결정하고 해당 값과 조명 위치값 사이의 각을 음영 값으로 추출하여 반영한다. 조명 위치는 사용자가 지정 가능하며 빛에 영향에 따른 색채변화 결과는 기존에 연구된 결과를 참조한다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 로컬 이미지에 근사한 자동 회화적 렌더링이 보여주는 단순하고 평면적인 결과에 비해, 재조명을 통해 빛바랜 색과 양감을 반영함으로써 현실에 존재하는 작품처럼 생동적이고 입체적인 렌더링 결과를 제공하여 문화예술작품으로의 표현 및 색채변화 예측-복원에 기여하고자한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.84-93
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• 2008

Since 2005, the production of feature 3D animation has been growing up worldwide and technology of hardware and software has been advanced fully enough to get over the limitation of visual expression, so that rendering weight of the whole work process is getting more important. A final file in the state right before rendering increases. the data size gets bigger. Therefore, if such final file is rendered as it is, the production schedule may not be met. For, some needless time shall be spent to call and save a high-capacity file in amendment work and to execute the rendering entirely again in addition to amendment. In this study, Maya API [1]was used to study the efficient information amendment method of extracting the rendering layers' files in order to develop a tool that executes rendering by applying such method. As the result, compliance to production schedule that is important in animation production can be done through the independent rendering tool based layer rendering that can maximize the efficiency of amendment work.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.5-14
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• 2019

This paper proposes a remote partitioned rendering method for displaying 3D applications on large tiled displays, which were developed using the Unity game engine. With the proposed method, one can represent them without additional development or any modifications to the applications. The paper verifies its feasibility by applying to a sample Unity-based application.