• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.531-540
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• 2014

A novel carrier-based PWM (CBPWM) strategy of a three-level NPC converter is proposed in this paper. The novel strategy can eliminate the low-frequency neutral point (NP) voltage oscillation under the entire modulation index and full power factor. The basic principle of the novel strategy is introduced. The internal modulation wave relationship between the novel CBPWM strategy and traditional SPWM strategy is also studied. All 64 modulation wave solutions of the CBPWM strategy are derived. Furthermore, the proposed CBPWM strategy is compared with traditional SPWM strategy regarding the output phase voltage THD characteristics, DC voltage utilization ratio, and device switching losses. Comparison results show that the proposed strategy does not cause NP voltage oscillation. As a result, no low-frequency harmonics occur on output line-to-line voltage and phase current. The novel strategy also has higher DC voltage utilization ratio (15.47% higher than that of SPWM strategy), whereas it causes larger device switching losses (4/3 times of SPWM strategy). The effectiveness of the proposed modulation strategy is verified by simulation and experiment results.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.434-441
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• 2016

This paper deals with transformer turns ratio design with the consideration of loss minimization in isolated bidirectional DC-DC converter. Generally, the rms value of current, magnitude of current at switching instance, and duty ratio of a converter vary according to the turns ratio of an isolation transformer in the converter under the same voltages and output power level. Therefore, the transformer turns ratio has an effect on the total loss in a converter. The switching and conduction losses of IGBTs and MOSFETs consisting of dual-active bridge converter are analyzed, and iron and copper losses in an isolation transformer and inductor are calculated. Total losses are calculated and measured in cases of four different transformer turns ratios through simulation and experiment with 3-kW converter, and an optimum turns ratio that provides minimum losses is found. The usefulness of the proposed transformer turns ratio design approach is verified through simulation and experimental results.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.1120-1128
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 우수한 OIP3(ouput intercept point) 특성을 가지는 평형전력증폭단을 설계하고 이를 적용하여 K-band 상향변환기를 설계 및 제작하였다. 상향변환기의 구성은 전력 증폭기단, 국부발진신호 제거필터, 주파수혼합기및 IF단으로 구성하였으며 RF 경로의 동작 유무를 판단하기 위한 국부 루프 경로와 출력 전력을 감시하기 위한 감시 단자로 구성하여 소요되는 전력을 예측하였다. K-대역 MMIC를 이용하여 평형전력증폭단을 제작하였으며 전력 예측값에 의하여 상향변환기를 설계 제작하였다. 설계된 상향변환기의 이득은 $40\pm$2dB, PldB는 29dBm의 특성을 가지며, OIP3는 37.25dBm의 높은 특성이 나타내었다. 특히 전력증폭단의 MMIC를 조정하여 30dB이상의 이득을 제어하였다. 본 논문에서 제작한 상향변환기는 PTP 및 PTMP용 트랜시버에 사용할 수 있으며, QAM 및 QPSK 변조방식을 이용하는 디지털 통신 시스템 및 BWA(Broad Wireless System)에도 적용할 수 있다.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.68-71
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• 2020

As a T-type three-level PWM converter has several intrinsic advantages, it has been widely studied for many applications. However, it requires an additional voltage control loop for balancing each DC link voltage. Generally, satisfying this requirement involves the use of an offset voltage to provide a neutral point current without affecting other variables, such as the total DC link voltage and three-phase input current. In this study, the theoretical relationship between the offset voltage and the neutral point current is analyzed. The results can be beneficial for effective voltage balancing controller design. The effectiveness of the analytical modeling is verified by simulation and experimental results.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.16-26
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• 2014

This paper proposes new 13-level inverter topology and DC/DC converter buck-boost structure topology for multilevel, compounding uni-directional and bi-directional switches, and proposes high-efficient multilevel inverter system in which the proposed two PCS(Power Conditioning System) was connected in series. In proposed multilevel inverter of forming a output 13-level phase voltage by using total 18 switching parts, Then bi-directional switch has a characteristic of reducing conduction loss and controlling the reactive power effectively by separating electrically from the neutral point. DC/DC converter for supplying in dependent 3 DC voltage to the proposed multi-level inverter generates 180-degree phase shifted PWM by the symmetrically combined structure of 2 buck-boost converter and twice switching frequency efficiency can be obtained, meanwhile, the converter can step up/down the output voltage and 20% output can be generated comparing the input voltage. This proposed system is verified with the simulation and laboratory test.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2016년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.129-130
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 근사 계단 제어 변조(Nearest Level Control Modulation)로 동작하는 모듈형 멀티레벨 컨버터(Modular Multi level Converter)에서 충전 회로나 반송파(Carrier)없이 초기 충전(Pre-charging)하는 새로운 방식을 제안하였다. 이의 성능을 검증하기 위해 PSCAD/EMTDC 소프트웨어를 통해 암(Arm)당 12개의 서브모듈(Sub-Module)로 구성된 3상 10kVA 모듈형 멀티레벨 컨버터를 구현 및 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.26-36
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• 1997

본 논문에서는 저용량의 응용 분야에 적합한 half-bridge 컨버터를 기반으로 하는 단상 AC/DC 컨버터를 제안한다. 제안된 컨버터는 고역률, 저하모닉 왜곡의 특성이 있으며 좋은 출력 레귤레이션 특성을 가지고 있다. 그리고 asymmetrical 제어를 통해 소프트 스위칭을 함으로써 스위칭 손실을 줄였으며 출력단의 정류손실을 줄이기 위해서 synchronous rectifier를 적용하였다. 또한 본 컨버터를 체계적으로 설계하기 위해 평균화법을 통한 모델링을 수행하여 설계식을 도출하였다. 이 설계식을 통하여 프로토타입 컨버터를 설계하여 실험한 결과 제안된 컨버터는 IEC555-2 규제를 만족하였고 정격에서 효율은 약 85%를 얻었다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.251-261
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• 2010

The general function of a multilevel converter is to synthesize a desired output voltage from several levels of dc voltages as inputs. In order to increase the steps in the output voltage, a new topology is recommended in [1], which benefits from a series connection of sub-multilevel converters. In the procedure described in this reference, despite all the advantages, it is not possible to produce all the steps (odd and even) in the output. In addition, for producing an output voltage with a constant number of steps, there are different configurations with a different number of components. In this paper, the optimal structures for this topology are investigated for various objectives such as minimum number of switches and dc voltage sources and minimum standing voltage on the switches for producing the maximum output voltage steps. Two new algorithms for determining the dc voltage sources magnitudes have been proposed. Finally, in order to verify the theoretical issues, simulation and experimental results for a 49-level converter with a maximum output voltage of 200V are presented.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.267-274
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• 2016

In this study, a fast charger for electric vehicle with wide charging voltage range is proposed. To achieve high efficiency, three-level topologies are employed for the AC-DC and DC-DC converters. Given that the output range of the DC-DC converter in fast chargers is quite wide, the circulating current of conventional three-level converter will increase under low voltage condition. The proposed hybrid switching method mitigates this issue. When a coupled inductor is used on the output side, the circulating current is further reduced, and the switches $S_2$, $S_3$, $S_6$, and $S_7$ achieve turning-off under the ZCS condition. Experimental results from a 50 kW prototype are provided to validate the proposed charger, and a rated efficiency of 95.9% is obtained.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2017

Recently the researches on modular multi-level converter (MMC) are being highlighted because high quality and efficient power transmission have become key issues in high voltage direct current (HVDC) systems. This paper proposes an improved pre-charging method for the sub-module (SM) capacitor of MMC-based HVDC systems, which operates in the nearest level control (NLC) modulation and does not need additional circuits or pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques. The feasibility of the proposed method was verified through computer simulations for a scaled 3-phase 10kVA MMC with 12 SMs per each arm. Hardware experiments with a scaled prototype have also been performed in the lab to confirm the simulation results.