• 소음진동
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.245-251
• /
• 1993

The problem of sound radiation from infinite elastic beams under the action on harmonic moving line forces is studies. The reaction due to fluid loading on the vibratory response of the beam is taken into account. The beam is assumed to occupy the plane z=0 and to be axially infinite. The beam material and elastic foundation are assumed to be lossless and Bernoulli-Euler beam theory including a tension force (T), damping coefficient (C) and stiffness of foundation $(\kappa_s)$ will be employed. The non-dimensional sound power is derived through integration of the surface intensity distribution over the entire beam. The expression for sound power is integrated numerically and the results examined as a function of Mach number (M), wavenumber ratio$(\gamma{)}$ and stiffness factor $(\Psi{)}$. Here, our purpose is to explain the response of sound power over a number of non-dimensional parameters describing tension, stiffness, damping and foundation stiffness.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.253-257
• /
• 2008

In this paper, the performance of generic orthogonal space-time block codes (OSTBCs) introduced by Alamouti [2], Tarokh [3], and Su and Xia [11] is analyzed. We first define one-dimensional component symbol error function (ODSEF) from the exact expression of the pairwise error probability of an OSTBC. Utilizing the ODSEF and the bit error probability (BEP) expression for quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) introduced by Cho and Yoon [9], the exact closed-form expressions for the BEP of linear OSTBCs with QAM in quasi-static Rayleigh fading channel are derived. We also derive the exact closed-form of the BEP for some OSTBCs which have at least one message symbol transmitted with unequal power via all transmit antennas.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.427-431
• /
• 2007

In order to gain insight into the molecular changes at the protein level in plants exposed to low temperature for a long period of time (vernalization), proteome analyses of vernalization-treated Arabidopsis thaliana have been carried out by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Fourteen proteins including ATP binding/GTP binding/translation elongation factor and glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 7 (GRP7) showed differential expression in vernalization-treated Arabidopsis thaliana. GRP7 showed the most dramatic increase in expression suggesting its involvement in response to vernalization treatment.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.307-319
• /
• 2018

High-throughput technologies enable the simultaneous evaluation of thousands of genes that could discriminate different subclasses of complex diseases. Ranking genes according to differential expression is an important screening step for follow-up analysis. Many statistical measures have been proposed for this purpose. A good ranked list should provide a stable rank (at least for top-ranked gene), and the top ranked genes should have a high power in differentiating different disease status. However, there is a lack of emphasis in the literature on ranking genes based on these two criteria simultaneously. To achieve the above two criteria simultaneously, we proposed to apply a previously reported metric, the modified area under the receiver operating characteristic cure, to gene ranking. The proposed ranking method is found to be promising in leading to a stable ranking list and good prediction performances of top ranked genes. The findings are illustrated through studies on both synthesized data and real microarray gene expression data. The proposed method is recommended for ranking genes or other biomarkers for high-dimensional omics studies.

• 디자인학연구
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2003

공공시설물에서의 사인은 정확한 의미전달을 목적으로 하고 있다. 특히 유도사인의 경우는 우리 주위환경과 루트를 적절히 표시하고 인식시키면서 우리의 행위를 유도해 주고 있다. 그런데 현재의 유도사인은 3차원적 공간의 방향을 2차원적 관점에서 보여주고 있는 것이 대부분으로, 이는 실제의 3차원 공간 속을 이동할 때 혼란을 유발시키는 한 요인으로 간주된 다. 따라서, 본 연구는 현재의 유도사인의 역할을 재 검토해보고 시지각적 측면에서 효율적인 유도사인의 방향을 제시하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 우선, 본 논문에서는 지하철역을 대상으로 한 의식조사를 통해 이용자의 유도사인에 대한 인지적 태도를 알아보았다. 그 결과, 현재 이용되는 역의 유도 사인은 방향정보 전달의 기능이 제대로 수행되고 있지 않으며, 특히 화살표의 표현방법이 재고되어야 함을 시사해 주고 있다. 본 연구는 인간의 공간 인지적 메카니즘을 토대로, 방향 정보 전달에 있어 현행의 2차원적 화살표 표현의 문제점을 고찰한다. 이러한 새로운 모색은 효율적인 유도사인의 구축에 도움이 되리라 생각된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.321-329
• /
• 2019

Hair loss, also known as alopecia, is a common dermatological condition of psychosocial significance; development of therapeutic candidates for the treatment of this condition is, hence, important. Silibinin, a secondary metabolite from Silybum marianum, is an effective antioxidant that also prevents various cutaneous problems. In this study, we have investigated the effect of silibinin on hair induction using three-dimensional (3D) cultured, human dermal papilla (DP) spheroids. Silibinin was found to significantly increase viability through AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) activation in 3D DP spheroids. This was correlated with an increase in the diameter of the 3D DP spheroids. The activation of the wingless and INT-1 (Wnt)/${\beta}$-catenin signaling pathway, which is associated with hair growth induction in the DP, was evaluated using the T cell-specific transcription factor and lymphoid enhancer-binding factor (TCF/LEF) transcription factor reporter assay; results indicated significantly increased luciferase activity. In addition, we were able to demonstrate increased expression of the target genes, WNT5a and LEF1, using quantitative real-time PCR assay. Lastly, significantly elevated expression of signature genes associated with hair induction was demonstrated in the 3D DP spheroids treated with silibinin. These results suggest that silibinin promotes proliferation and hair induction through the AKT and Wnt/${\beta}$-catenin signaling pathways in 3D DP spheroids. Silibinin can be a potential candidate to promote hair proliferation.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제43권5호
• /
• pp.369-374
• /
• 2010

The PC12 is the widely used cell line to study neuronal differentiation. We had extensively investigated the details of protein expression in differentiated PC12 cells by proteomic analysis. The cells were incubated at the presence of nerve growth factor. We had analyzed the expression changes in the differentiating PC12 cells by 2-dimensional electrophoresis and the identification of the proteins using MALDI-TOF MS. By comparing expression pattern in the time course, we identified the candidate genes which are associated with neuronal differentiation. Among these genes, we performed real-time PCR analysis to validate $Idh3{\alpha}$ expression by the time course. To identify the function of $Idh3{\alpha}$ in neuronal differentiation stage, the transfection of $Idh3{\alpha}$ to PC12 cells was performed. As a result, we proved that up-regulation of $Idh3{\alpha}$ causes reduction in neural differentiation of PC12 cells. Based on these data, we suggest that $Idh3{\alpha}$ plays a role to the neuronal differentiation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.136-146
• /
• 2011

This study provides first-hand proteomic data on the survival strategy of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 when subjected to long-term iron-starvation conditions. 2D-gel electrophoresis followed by MALDI-TOF/MS analysis of iron-deficient Anabaena revealed significant and reproducible alterations in ten proteins, of which six are associated with photosynthesis and respiration, three with the antioxidative defense system, and the last, hypothetical protein all1861, conceivably connected with iron homeostasis. Iron-starved Anabaena registered a reduction in growth, photosynthetic pigments, PSI, PSII, whole-chain electron transport, carbon and nitrogen fixation, and ATP and NADPH content. The kinetics of hypothetical protein all1861 expression, with no change in expression until day 3, maximum expression on the $7^{th}$ day, and a decline in expression from the $15^{th}$ day onward, coupled with in silico analysis, suggested its role in iron sequestration and homeostasis. Interestingly, the up-regulated FBP-aldolase, Mn/Fe-SOD, and all1861 all appear to assist the survival of Anabeana subjected to iron-starvation conditions. Furthermore, the $N_2$-fixation capabilities of the iron-starved Anabaena encourage us to recommend its application as a biofertilizer, particularly in iron-limited paddy soils.

• 한국생활과학회지
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.755-766
• /
• 2003

The surrealism for the revelation of the unconscious realms shares the inner world of mentality with modern fashion display for the visual expression of sensation each other. The analysis of the influence which automatism technique of surrealism exerts on fashion display showed as follows : 1) The automatism technique elevated the dramatic effect of the sales room by scraping the perspective, or the principle of visual arts. 2) It maximized the effect of subject of the display by coinciding surrealism with realism. 3) The technique which distorts the things heralded the strong message to customers by letting them keep away from the fixed idea. 4) Humorous expression of display brought about the effect of sales stimulation by giving astonishment, shock and exaggeration. 5) Expression of surrealism and realism caused customers to feel shock, illusion, fantasy. 6) The automatism technique expressed the high-tech image, and free expression by revealing the diversity of subject. 7) Display hinted from nature satisfied the mental desire of the human beings to be assimilated with nature. The formative characteristic presented the new possibility of combination of display with arts through the avant-garde sensation. Sale's room, or the marketing space was to be sublimated to three dimensional art space, which enhanced the image of sale's room, furthermore meeting the demand of moderner's lifestyle.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제45권5호
• /
• pp.731-738
• /
• 2003

근육의 생화학적 특성을 단백질 수준에서 분석하기 위하여 3원교잡종 돼지 3개체를 선발하고, white muscle은 longissimus dorsi muscle을 red muscle은 soleus muslce을 분리하여 분석에 이용하였다. 각 근육조직은 수용성, 불수용성 단백질 및 총단백질로 분리하여 추출하였고, 이차원전기영동 분석을 위하여 17cm 길이의 immobilized pH gradient strip (Bio-Rad, 3-10NL)과 12% acrylamide gel을 이용하여 전개하였다. 각각의 gel은 coomassie stain과 silver stain을 통하여 가시화 하였고, PDQuest software을 통하여 단백질 발현양상을 분석하였다. 하나의 gel에서 평균 600개 이상의 단백질 spot을 관찰하였으며, 반복실험을 통하여 white muscle과 red muscle간에 발현의 차이를 보이는 5개의 단백질 spot을 확인할 수 있었다. 5개의 spot 중 4개의 단백질은 측정된 분자량과 pI값이 troponin I, T 및 myoglobin의 수치값과 유사한 것으로 확인되었다. 그러나, 1개의 spot은 오차범위 내에서 유사한 단백질을 확인할 수 없었다. 5개의 단백질 spot중 1개(spot 1)는 white muscle에서, 4개의 spot(spot 2～5)은 red muscle에서 높게 발현됨을 확인하였으며, 특히 spot 4의 경우 white muscle 보다 red muscle에서 평균 14.6배 높게 발현됨을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 근육의 생화학적 특성을 이해하는데 중요한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있으며, 앞으로 white muscle과 red muscle의 단백질 발현 분석을 통하여 단백질 수준에서의 생화학적 특성에 관한 연구가 충분히 진행되어야 할 것이다.