• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.394-399
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• 2003

도시 지역의 대부분을 차지하는 건물에 대한 3차원 정보는 도로, 교통 등의 시설물관리시스템 구축, 도로계획, 택지개발, 도시계획 등 여러 분야에 필요하다. 현재 항공사진, 고해상도 위성영상, LiDAR 자료, 수치사진측량 시스템 등의 보급과 분석 알고리즘의 발전으로 인하여 도시지역 건물 3차원 모델링에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있는데, 그 중에서 정밀한 DSM 취득이 가능한 LiDAR 자료가 도시지역 건물 3차원 모델링에 가장 유망한 자료이다. 그러나 LiDAR 자료만을 이용할 경우에는 선형화 과정 등의 수작업이 많이 들어가고, 주관적인 재구성과정이 들어가야 하는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 수치지도를 LiDAR 자료와 같이 이용하여 건물 3차원 모델링시 작업자의 수동적인 과정을 단축하였다. 항공사진과 해석도화기를 이용한 정확도 평가 결과 1:5,000 수치지도 정확도 규정을 만족하는 도시지역 건물 3차원 모델링이 가능하였고, 비교적 자동화된 공정을 이루었다.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.179-188
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• 2008

This study aims for generating a city spatial model required for the creation of a 3D noise map. In this study, we propose an efficient method to generate 3D models of the terrain and buildings using only a digital map and draft maps previously established without using any sensory data. The terrain model is generated by interpolating into a grid the elevation values derived from both the contour lines and the elevation point of the digital map. Building model is generated by combining the 2D building boundaries and the building elevations extracted from the digital map and the draft map, respectively. This method has been then applied to a digital map and three sets of draft maps created in the different times. covering the entire area of Yeongdeungpo-gu. The generated city spatial model has been successfully utilized for the noise analysis and the 3D visualization of the analysis results.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.41-47
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• 2008

The import of cartography is spoke for surveying technique level of the country. Also, it is the implied expression means about international operations amount in the world of people in the country. Nowadays, various digital maps on a reduced scale were drawn in Korea including the topographic series of a nation. Though these digital maps are drawn and revised by using aerial photogrammetry or satellite image, there are some problems that it is difficult to revise or renew the topography and natural feature immediately which changes frequently. As the countermeasures of these problems we use 3D Laser Scanning accumbency method, which provides user with convenience and accumbency accuracy which is required to revise and renew digital maps.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.327-335
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• 2001

This paper present to how to make VGIS(Virtual Geographic Information System) using GIS and digital map. Because the development of the GIS has been 2-dimension in the last few years, viewpoint of the high-resolution image estimate was difficult. The geo-spatial information system has lots of errors in the policy decision and the principal decision making because it was displayed as 2 dimension map that the digital map and topographical map, geological map. agronomical map, cadastral map and underground facility map are expressed as a symbol practically in spite that it is spatial topography data. It is utilized as effective administration analyzing, all kinds of discussion, transportation and environmental effect evaluation, various kinds of building discussion and policy decision thorough researching the present condition of region as 3 dimension map using digital map and GIS when drafting and deciding all kinds of urban plaining so it is considered that errors of policy decision will be minimized.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.2799-2804
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• 2014

In this paper, we suggest three-dimensional information extraction map system using integral imaging technique. Integral imaging can record multiple elemental images with different perspectives using a 2D image acquisition device with lenslet array. Using these images, integral imaging can obtain 3D information and display 3D image. In this paper, the position difference between elemental images can be obtained using summation of absolute difference (SAD), and then 3D information can be extracted. Therefore, this technique can find the height information of 3D objects.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 1997

We propose 3D perspective display using elevation matrix data with 2D information overlay. This algorithm is based on ID scan-line method and we used color index of the newly developed raster map, VRRG(Vector Restored Raster Graphics). The proposed method allows the fast generation of perspective view of 3D data with 2D overlay and the fast selective display of the features of 2D overlay.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.15-24
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to establish an analytical framework and quantitative methodologies to analyze 'the cognitive effects of web map use' and to empirically test it. This experimental design was established based on the literature about spatial cognition. Accuracy, reaction time, and confidence within each participant were compared to measure the cognitive effects of web map use for wayfinding. Geometric accuracy of the cognitive maps was estimated and calculated based on the bidimensional regression. The experimental results showed that characteristics of map users and repetition of map use rather than types of map representation did significantly affect accuracy and reaction time of spatial cognition by using web maps. And confidence appeared to be low when the participants referred to both 2D and 3D maps for wayfinding tasks on the web maps. Understanding spatial cognition of web map users, which was suggested in the study, will help cartographers make more effectively-communicated maps.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.189-196
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• 2005

Recently as map making skills developed and as digital maps prevailed, peoples began to take interest in the realistic 3dimension topography rather than the flat 2 dimension one. The experiment is done by using the topographical information from the digital maps, To analyze the preciseness of this 3dimension topography, analysis of the coordinate-changed standard map image and the location errors of the plane and height from digital values of the map's topography by layers and features, were done. The visual results of locational values differed by every programs of coordinate transformation. Errors of locations also appeared from the methods of correcting the visual sources, when deciding the standard source's datum point. The plan's accuracy of the image data coordinate transformation is about ${\pm}4.1m$. In ground distance, therefore, it is included in the allowed error of the 1:25,000 scale changed map, satisfying the plan's accuracy. Also, by the use of reasonably spaced grid, it satisfied the visual topographical accuracy. Because the 3 dimension topographical map can be produced effectively and rapidly by using various scale's standard map image and the digital map, the further practical use of 3 dimension topographic map made by using the existing topographies and changed maps has high expectations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.341-346
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• 2003

For tendering three-dimensional map information using Internet, firstly Web server is considered, but generally the source code of commercial application is not open to the public and approaching the source technology is difficult. So, there are many limitations of the technology development. In this study, to solve these problems, we have introduced Linux operating system with open source system and utilized VRML to be able to practice three-dimensional spatial data on Web browser, and constructed the Internet three-dimensional map server. In the result, the constructed server is economical because there is no cost except the hardware, and the active maintenance and management is accomplished by using the opened source code.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.85-102
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• 2005

Some properties on the mathematical hyper-dimensional figures by 'the principle of the permanence of equivalent forms' was investigated. It was supposed that there are 2 conjectures on the making n-dimensional figures : simplex (a pyramid type) and a hypercube(prism type). The figures which were made by the 2 conjectures all satisfied the sufficient condition to show the general Euler's Theorem(the Euler's Characteristics). Especially, the patterns on the numbers of the components of the simplex and hypercube are fitted to Binomial Theorem and Pascal's Triangle. It was also found that the prism type is a good shape to expand the Hasse's Diagram. 5 mathematically gifted high school students were mentored on the investigation of the hyper-dimensional figure by 'the principle of the permanence of equivalent forms'. Research products and ideas students have produced are shown and the 'guided re-invention method' used for mentoring are explained.