• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 1999

안성천의 중류인 안성읍 옥상리와 미양면 양지리에는 충적단구가 발달되어 있다. 충적단구와 인접한 범람원은 대개 점이적으로 만나지만 단구애를 통해 구분되기도 한다. 단구는 전반적으로 평평한 편이나 부분적으로 경사가 나타나기도 한다. 충적단구의 퇴적물 중 점토의 SiO2/Al2O3비와 SiO2/R2O3비를 계산한 결과, 라테라이트화 작용의 흔적이 나타나지 않는다. 이는 충적단구가 최후간빙기 이후에 형성되었음을 시사하는 것이다. 그리고 충적단구가 안성천 하구로부터 상당히 떨어져 있다는 사실을 고려하면 이들 단구가 기후단구일 가능성이 높은 것으로 생각된다.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.245-253
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• 2004

The 36km-long Daebo-Campo coast has a well-developed marine terraces divided to six steps by elevation of paleoshoreline : 0.5 m(T1), 10 m(T2), 30 m(T3), 40 m(T4), 60 m(T5) and 75 m(T6). The 2$^{nd}$ and 3$^{nd}$ platforms in Daebo to Guryongpo are wider and more distinctive than those of Guryongpo to Gampo. The 3$^{nd}$ terrace of 30 m high is subdivided to two flights as lower(T3b) and upper(T3a) by old sea cliff. Platform age is unclear because of coral fossil free. However, the terrace age could be determined with convergent OSL ages from beach sediments on 2$^{nd}$ step(T2). OSL ages of the terrace of 10 m high range in 60-70 ka. It reveals that the 2$^{nd}$ -step platform correlates to Oxygen Isotope Time scale, substage 5a(ca. 80 ka), and that uplift rate is ca. 0.19 m/ka for 2$^{nd}$ terrace at Daebo-Campo coast. If considering equivalent uplift rate for all terraces since the Late Pleistocene, the 3$^{rd}$ and 4$^{th}$ terraces would be 5e substage and 7 stage. The 30 m-high terrace provides a good indicator for uplift at Daebo-Gampo coast since 125,000 yrs(MIS 5e). It suggests that the local neotectonic deformation might cause an optional uplift rate of ca. 0.19 m/ka along the SE coast of Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.18 no.1 s.22
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• pp.41-46
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• 2004

The fluvia(thalassostatic) terraces have been developed among the lower Yeongsan river, near the southwestern coastal region of Korean peninsula. These thalassostatic terraces could be classified into 3 surface, i. e., Yeongsan 32m, 18m, and 10m surface, in desending order, according to the relative heights from the river floor. Yeongsan 32m, 18m and 10m surfaces were corresponded to the mMT3, mLT1 and mLT2 surfaces of Choi(2003), respectively. It was revealed that the mLT1 surface was the marine terraces which had been formed in the Last Interglacial culmination period(oxygen isotope stage 5e) in the southeastern coast of Korean peninsula.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.233-242
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• 2003

The southeasternmost coastal area of the Korean peninsula has been regarded as a seismologically stable area as neither Quaternary faults nor earthquake activity has been reported. To clarify whether the active tectonic movement has occurred or not, a digital marine terrace mapping and fracture mapping have been done in the coastal area. Bed rocks are composed of the Cretaceous volcanic and sedimentary rocks and the Paleogene granite. Wave-cut platform in the area is smaller and narrower relative to that of the northern coastal area. Most of the platforms in the area have little Quaternary sediment. The platforms except the Holocene terrace (1 st terrace) can be divided into three steps. The lowest platform (2nd terrace) has an altitude of 8-11 m. The broad middle one (3rd terrace) is 17 to 22 m high. The highest terrace (4th terrace) is a narrow and sporadic bench with an altitude of about 44 m high. The lowest terrace is correlated to the 2nd terrace of the northern area, which corresponds to the oxygen isotopic stage 5a. The uplift rate calculated from a graphic method is 0.19 m/ky. This low uplift is typical of an intra-plate, suggesting that the area is tectonically stable. The elevation of the platforms tends slightly lower from the north to the south in the survey area. The decreasing altitude of the platforms towards the south is interpreted to result from a local block tilting during the Latest Pleistocene. This also indicates that the eastern coast of the Korean peninsula has been suffering a subsidence to the south.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.159-176
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• 2000

본 연구는 남한강 상류의 소지류인 쌍천 유역에 발달한 하성단구의 퇴적물을 모재로 발달한 토양 특성을 조사.분석하였다. 중위 단구의 A1층은 갈색(10YR 4/3)의 미사질토양이고 발달도가 낮은 입상구조이며 B1층은 황갈색(10YR 5/8)의 사질식양토로 아각괴상구조이다. 고위단구의 A1층은 옅은 적갈색(5YR 4/3)의 미사질양토 내지 황갈색(10YR 5/8)의 미사질식토로 발달도가 낮은 아각괴상구조이다. B1층은 적색(2.5YR 3/6)의 사질식토 내지 밝은 적갈색(2.5YR 4/6)의 식양토로 발달도가 양호한 아각괴상구조이다. 고위단구 퇴적층을 모재로 발달한 토양의 구조는 중정도의아각괴상구조이고 조직이 치밀하다. 토양은 A1층, B1층,B2층으로 되어 있으며 또한 B층은 점토가 집적되어 있고 점토 피막이 나타난다. 쌍천의 중위단구상에 발달한 토양은 황갈색토이고 고위 단구상의 토양은 적색토이다. 고위단구 퇴적물을 모재로 발달한 본 적색토는 생성시가가 민델-리스 간빙기의 이전에 생성된 것으로 현재보다 온난한 생물-기후 조건하에서 탈규산화를 동반하는 적색토화작용에 의해 형성된 것으로 추정된다. 고위단구에 발달한 적색토는 토양단면의 형태적 및 물리 화학적인 특성등으로 보아 고적색토로 분류된다.

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.131-134
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• 2003

계기지진기록에 의하면, 한반도에서는 중국이나 일본만큼 지진발생빈도가 높거나 강진은 없으나, 북한에서는 추가령단층대 이서지역, 남한에서는 아산만～영일만 일원을 따라 대상으로 분포한다. 역사지진기록에 의하면, 경주시 주변에서 8개의 큰 지진이 일어났으며, 이중 779년에 일어난 경주지진에서는 백명 이상의 사상자가 발생한 기록이 있다고 하였다(경재복, 1997). (중략)

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.27-40
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• 2005

Researches onmarine terrace in Korea have been drastically progressed during the last two decades.main themes of researches include vertical and horizontal distribution of paleo-shoreline, sedimentary facies ofmarine terrace deposits, OSL dating of terrace deposits and estimation of uplift rate. At present, it is noted thatmarine terraces distributed at the same altitude do not always show the same sedimentary facies, nor have the same ages.marine terraces are generally divided into five terrace systems, of which ages increase in ascending order. There are some arguments about discrimination between 2nd and 3rd terrace systems and their age. The core discrepancy lies on the question of whether the level of the last interglacial terrace is on the level of about 20m or on the 30~35m(~40m) in altitude. The uplift rate based on the paleoshoreline distribution ranges between 0.10 and 0.20m/ka.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.61-86
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• 1995

칠레 북부해안에는 여러개의 해안 단구들이 발견되는데 이는 지구조 운동과 하께 해수면 변동과 밀접한 관련이 있다, 단구의 형성시기는 전부 밝혀지지는 않았으며 여전히 논란이 되고 있다,. 안토파가스타에서 이끼케까지 9개지역에서 발견되는 여러단구에 대한 탄 소 연대측정 전자스핀 공명법, 우라늄측정, 아미노산 연대측정 방법들을 이용하여 그 형성시 기를 측정하였다, 그결과들은 기본적으로 3∼4개의 뚜렷한 단구를 선정하여 지역간에 서로 대비하였다, 대부분의 단구들은 산소 동위연소 연대(Oxygen Isotope State) 3에서 11범주에 들어가는데 이것은 계단식 단구들이 단지 지구조 운동만으로 형성된 것이 아니라 전지구 기 후 변동과 밀접하게 관련된 전세계 해수면 변동에 의해 강한 영향을 받았음을 시사한다. 특 히 플라이스토세에 형성된 일련의 해빈 사구들은 플라이스토세 초기에서 중기사이 반복된 간빙기를 나타낸다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.7
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• pp.779-788
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• 2005

Purpose : Echinacea, a traditional plant medicine has been used as immune-stimulant. Recent studies have revealed that extract of Echinacea has immunostimulatory effects on human blood mononuclear cells. This study was designed for the purpose of screening the genes associated with immunologic effects of Echinacea on monocytes and dendritic cells using a cDNA microarray chip. Methods : $CD14^+$ monocyte cells were cultured for one day with Echinacea extract(final concentration : $50{\mu}g/mL$) in experiment 1, but were cultured without Echinacea in experiment 2. The gene expression of these cultured monocytes was analyzed using the cDNA microarray chip. Dendritic cells produced from $CD14^+$ monocyte were cultured for five days with GM-CSF and IL-4, and then cultured for one day with Echinacea in experiment 3, but were done without Echinacea in experiment 4. Results : In experiments 1 and 2, there were 17 significantly expressed genes with average expression ratios above 2.5, including interferon gamma-inducible protein 30(IFI 30), CDC(cell-division-cylcle)-like kinase 2(CLK 2), syndecan binding protein(syntenin), superoxide dismutase 2, etc. In experiments 3 and 4, there were 24 gene, with significantly expressed genes were 24 genes, which were insulin-like growth factor 2(somatomedin A), methyl-CpG binding domain protein 3, IFI 30, small inducible cytokine subfamily A, member 22, etc. The genes encoding CD44, IFI 30, mannose receptor C type 1(MRC 1), chemokine receptor 7(CCR 7), CLK 2, syntenin and cytochrome C oxidase subunit VIII were significantly expressed in both monocytes and dendritic cells cultured with Echinacea. Conclusion : This study employed a cDNA microarray chip to elicit the immune-associated gene profile; the expression was enhanced by Echinacea in CD14+ monocytes and dendritic cells. Thus we laid the basis for the quantitative and functional analysis of genes induced by Echinacea in monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-26
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• 1993

The estimation of the Last Interglacial sea level was made by using the thalassostatic terrace which had been developed in the lower reach of Namdaechon river in Kangneung, eastern coastal area of Korea. The fluvial terraces, which have been developed since late Pleistocene, were investigated. The main findings were as follows; 1) That Kangneung terrace I had been formed in the climax period of the Last Interglacial (Oxygen isotope stage 5e) was revealed. It was estimated that Kangneung terrace II had been formed during a certain warmer period between the climax period of the Last Interglacial and the early Last Glacial(probably Oxygen isotope stage 5c or 5a). 2) Being judged from the relative heights of the Kangneung terrace I and II, the sea levels of the formation periods of these terraces were estimated to have been relatively 17~20m and l0m higher than the present sea level, respectively. 3) The formation periods of the Wangsan terrace I and II were supposed to be the early and late Last Glacial respectively, being judged from the following 3 details ; a) the characteristics of the terrace deposits, b) the relation Wangsan terrace II to the buried valley floor, and c) the cross phenomena of the above two terraces to the Kangneung terraces. 4) The formation period of the pseudogleyed red soil in the Kangneung terrace I was estimated to be the middle or late period of the Last Interglacial.