• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.88-94
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• 2008

Three different protein extraction methods-phenol extraction, trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitation, and desalting/TCA precipitation-were compared to determine the optimal reproducible high resolution 2-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis for each chungkugjang, doenjang, and kochujang samples. The soluble proteins from Chungkugjang extracted by phenol were separated with high reproducibility and resolution, and gained 1.75- to 3-fold more protein spots on 2-D gel than those from the other methods. On the contrary, the extracted proteins from doenjang and kochujang treated by desalting/TCA precipitation method showed about 1.5- to 3.3-fold more protein spots on 2-D gel. Using the established methods, the changes in the protein profiles of the fermented soy foods were monitored during the fermentation period by 2-DE. One of the major proteins in soy, $\beta$-conglycinin $\alpha$-subuint, and some proteins with unknown functions were localized on 2-D gel as the protease-resistant proteins throughout the fermentation period of doenjang. Changes in the protein profile monitored by the established methods can provide basic information on unfolding the mechanisms of the generation of biofunctional activity in the fermented soy foods.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.265-272
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• 2005

Severe accidents in nuclear power plants can cause hydrogen-generating chemical reactions, which create the danger of hydrogen combustion and thus threaten containment integrity. For containment analyses, a three-dimensional mechanistic code, GOTHIC-3D has been applied near source compartments to predict whether or not highly reactive gas mixtures can form during an accident with the hydrogen mitigation system working. To assess the code applicability to hydrogen combustion analysis, this paper presents the numerical calculation results of GOTHIC-3D for various hydrogen combustion experiments, including FLAME, LSVCTF, and SNU-2D. In this study, a technical base for the modeling oflarge- and small-scale facilities was introduced through sensitivity studies on cell size and bum modeling parameters. Use of a turbulent bum option of the eddy dissipation concept enabled scale-free applications. Lowering the bum parameter values for the flame thickness and the bum temperature limit resulted in a larger flame velocity. When applied to hydrogen combustion analysis, this study revealed that the GOTHIC-3D code is generally able to predict the combustion phenomena with its default bum modeling parameters for large-scale facilities. However, the code needs further modifications of its bum modeling parameters to be applied to either small-scale facilities or extremely fast transients.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.207-210
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• 2010

Phytochemical investigation of Salvia plebeia resulted in the isolation of nine compounds. Their structures were determined to be 6-methoxynaringenin (1), 6-methoxynaringenin-7-O-$\beta$-D-glucoside (2), hispidulin (3), homoplantaginin (4), nepetin (5), nepitrin (6), 6-hydroxyluteolin (7), caffeic acid (8) and rosmarinic acid (9) by spectroscopic analyses. 6-Methoxynaringenin (1), 6-hydroxyluteolin (7) and rosmarinic acid (9) were isolated from this plant for the first time.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.135-156
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• 2007

Three 3D nonlinear finite-element models are developed to study the behavior of concrete beams and plates with and without external reinforcement by fibre-reinforced plastic (FRP). All three models are formulated based upon the 3D theory of elasticity. The stress model is modified from the element developed by Ramtekkar, et al. (2002) to incorporate material nonlinearity in the formulation. Both transverse stress and displacement components are used as nodal degrees-of-freedom to ensure the continuity of both stress and displacement components between the elements. The displacement model uses only displacement components as nodal degrees-of-freedom. The transition model has both stress and displacement components as nodal degrees-of-freedom on one surface, and only displacement components as nodal degrees-of-freedom on the opposite surface. The transition model serves as a connector between the stress and the displacement models. The developed models are validated by comparing the results of the analyses with an existing experimental result. Parametric studies of the effects of the externally reinforced FRP on the load capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) beams and concrete plates are performed to demonstrate the practicality and the efficiency of the proposed models.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.73-84
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• 1995

종래의 말포민류에 대한 화학구조 연구에 있어서의 난제들이 최신의 각종 기기분석 및 새로운 정제 방법의 적용에 의해 해결되어졌으며, 이 결과 말포민 A로부터 신규의 $A_4$를 포함한 4종의 A동족체들이 단리 구조결정되었다. 본 연구에 의해 말포민 A동족체의 화학 구조는, $A_1$(1)이 cyclo-D-Cys-D-Cys-L-Val-D-Leu-L-Ile, $A_2$(2)가 cyclo-D-Cys-D-Cys-L-Val-D-Leu-L-Val, $A_3$(3)가 cyclo-D-Cys-D-Cys-L-Val-D-Leu-L-Leu, $A_4$(4)가 cyclo-D-Cys-D-Cys-L-Val-D-Ile-L-Val으로서 확정 되었다. 이들 중, 말포민 $A_3$(3)는 말포민 C와 동일한 화합물로 확인되었다. 단리된 말포민 A동족체에 대해서 옥수수 근 부굴곡활성과 녹두 상배축신장활성을 지표로 하여 생물검정을 실시하였다. 옥수수 근부굴곡 활성의 검정으로부터, 모든 A동족체가 활성을 나타내었으며, 특히 분자량 529의 동족체는 분자량 515의 동족체보다 높은 활성을 보여주었다. 그러나, 녹두 상배축신장활성의 검정에서는 분자량에 따른 차이가 인정되지 않았으며, 이들 중 말포민 $A_4$는 활성형이 아닌 것으로 확인되었다. 양검정법에서 모두 최고 수준의 활성을 나타낸 말포민 $A_1$은, $0.25{\mu}m$ 에서 83%의 옥수수 근부굴곡활성을 나타냈으며, 녹두 상배축신장활성의 경우, $0.1{\mu}m$에서 대조구에 비해 165%의 신장촉진을 보였다.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2012

도시열섬 현상은 도심지의 가장 큰 환경문제로 대두되고 있으며, 이는 온도상승, 대기오염, 에너지 수요에 영향을 준다. 이러한 열섬현상에 대하여 많은 건물과 복잡한 공간적/입체적 패턴을 가진 지역의 경우에는 3차원 분석이 전적으로 수행되어야 한다. 본 연구는 2차원자료와 3차원 공간자료를 이용하여 도시열섬 인자를 파악함에 있다. 또한 공간 통계기법을 이용하여 열섬인자들의 공간적 영향력을 추출한다. 따라서, 도시온도의 예측, 3차원 모델의 생성, 도시인자의 추출, 일반회귀모형과 공간회귀모형의 구축을 통하여 본 연구를 수행한다. 결과적으로 3차원 도시인자와 인접한 공간영향력들이 도시열섬 현상에 미치는 효과는 크다는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 이를 바탕으로 도시온도 저감을 위한 정책수립에 방향을 효과적으로 제시할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.85-90
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to develop a new Meshless Method to solve 2-D compressible flow problems numerically. This paper includes a revised Least Square method that improves robustness compared with its original version by removing excessive numerical oscillation which occurs when points are randomly distributed. Numerical analyses of hypersonic flow over a blunt body were carried out using the method, then robustness, accuracy and convergence of their results were compared with those obtained from the original method.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.880-893
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• 2019

Objective: To assess the technical performance of two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) for measuring liver stiffness. Materials and Methods: The Ovid-MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for studies reporting the technical performance of 2D-SWE, including concerns with technical failures, unreliable measurements, interobserver reliability, and/or intraobserver reliability, published until June 30, 2018. The pooled proportion of technical failure and unreliable measurements was calculated using meta-analytic pooling via the random-effects model and inverse variance method for calculating weights. Subgroup analyses were performed to explore potential causes of heterogeneity. The pooled intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for interobserver and intraobserver reliability were calculated using the Hedges-Olkin method with Fisher's Z transformation of the correlation coefficient. Results: The search yielded 34 articles. From 20 2D-SWE studies including 6196 patients, the pooled proportion of technical failure was 2.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-3.9%). The pooled proportion of unreliable measurements from 20 studies including 6961 patients was 7.5% (95% CI, 4.7-11.7%). In the subgroup analyses, studies conducting more than three measurements showed fewer unreliable measurements than did those with three measurements or less, but no intergroup difference was found in technical failure. The pooled ICCs for interobserver reliability (from 10 studies including 517 patients) and intraobserver reliability (from 7 studies including 679 patients) were 0.87 (95% CI, 0.82-0.90) and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.89-0.95), respectively, suggesting good to excellent reliability. Conclusion: 2D-SWE shows good technical performance for assessing liver stiffness, with high technical success and reliability. Future studies should establish the quality criteria and optimal number of measurements.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.3749-3754
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• 2013

Two 3D isomorphous and isostructural complexes, namely, $[Zn(BDOA)(bpy)(H_2O)_2]_n$ (1) and $[Cd(BDOA)-(bpy)(H_2O)_2]_n$ (2); (BDOA = Benzene-1,4-dioxyacetic acid, bpy = 4,4'-bipyridine) were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by means of elemental analyses, thermogravimetric (TG), infrared spectrometry, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 1 and 2 crystallize in the triclinic system, space group P-1 and each metal ion in the complexes are six-coordinated with the same coordination environment. In the as-synthesized complexes, $BDOA^{2-}$ anions link central metal ions to form a 1D zigzag chain $[-BDOA^{2-}-Zn(Cd)-BDOA^{2-}-Zn(Cd)-]_{\infty}$, whereas bpy pillars connect metal ions to generate a 1D linear chain $[-bpy-Zn(Cd)-bpy-Zn(Cd)-]_{\infty}$. Both infinite chains are interweaved into 2D grid-like layers which are further constructed into a 3D open framework, where hydrogen bonds play as the bridges between the adjacent 2D layers. Luminescent properties of complex 1 showed selectivity for $Hg^{2+}$ ion.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.231-241
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• 2009

현재 21세기 지식정보화사회와 유비쿼터스국토의 기반을 조성하는 3차원 국토공간정보의 구축을 위한 품질 관리의 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 통합품질관리를 통한 3차원 국토공간정보 품질관리의 향상은 공급자가 효과적으로 데이터를 갱신하고, 사용자가 최상의 자료를 취득할 수 있게 해준다. 본 연구는 기존 3차원 품질관리와 사례분석를 통하여 3차원 국토공간정보 품질관리개선안을 마련하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 첫째, 3차원 국토공간정보 품질관리의 개념을 수립하였고 둘째, 3차원 국토공간정보 품질관리의 범위와 내용 및 절차는 구체적인 세부 항목으로 분류하여 설정하였으며, 마지막으로 구축지침 개선안에 따라 3차원 국토공간정보의 구축 공정과정별로 품질관리표 등 품질과 관련된 개선사항을 도출하였다.