• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.285-293
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• 2017

Globally, 1.3 million people develop colon cancer every year, and 600,000 people die each year it. In Korea, colorectal carcinoma was associated with the highest death rate, accounting for 8,380 people, among solid cancers in 2015. Among the various methods for the diagnosis and study of colorectal carcinoma, the results obtained by cytogenetic and molecular genetic methods were compared. Detection rate was 47% in 18q, 40% in 17p, 27% in 22q, and 17% in 10q via CGH; detection rate was 57% in D18S59, 50% in D18S68, 50% in TP53CA, 47% in D18S6940% in D22S274, 37% in D22S283, 27% in D10S187, and 23% in D10S541 with LOH. Microsatellite marker matching rates were 100% in D22S274, 100% in D22S283, 100% in D10S186, 100% in D10S187, 100% in D10S541, 93% in D18S69, 93% in D18S68, 92% in TP53CA, and 89% in D18S59. The agreement rate between the two methods was 94.4% based on positive results using CGH. Based on the advantages of CGH, which was the ability to obtain information regarding the entire tumor genome at once, this experiment could identify the region with significant deletion using CGH and the more limited region LOH, with a completely different approach. LOH in the recurrent high-risk group, 18q21, was helpful in the selection of treatment modalities and in prognostic estimation as well as making the most appropriate decision for treatment. Therefore, it is suggested that LOH with surgical site tissues could be one of the treatment methods for recurrent high-risk group among patients with colorectal carcinoma.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.115-126
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• 2002

This study is regarding on the shroud of Jeonjoo Lee (Inpyoung clan's lady) excavated from the Andong Gwon's grave. who had passed away at 1722. Through this research, we understood the way of fetal ceremony by 18 centuries' royal family, and the costume style in those days. The style and size of shrouds were likely similar with ordinary dress. For the upper dress, Lady Andong Gwon wore a piece of undershirt (sosam), 3 layed jacket(Joggoli), an upper jacket (dangui) with patched badge as well as a gold brocade formal dress(wonsam). And for the lower dress, 2 layed underpants(dansokot) and 2 layed long skirts were worn. Especially, prototype of the waist band for shroud(gowdo) and a kind of headgear(gokdoli) was found in this study along with the headdress for woman's shroud(yomo) and the shoes for woman's shroud(chahwea). In this study, understanding the costume of upper class at 18 centuries during Chosun Dynasty.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• v.42 no.sup1
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• pp.166-171
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• 2008

PET of the cerebral metabolic rate of glucose is increasingly used to support the clinical diagnosis in the examination of patients with suspected major neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. $^{18}F-FDG$ PET has been reported to have high diagnostic performance, especially, very high sensitivity in the diagnosis and clinical assessment of therapeutic efficacy. According to clinical research data hitherto, $^{18}F-FDG$ PET is expected to be an effective diagnostic tool in early and differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Since 2004, Medicare covers $^{18}F-FDG$ PET scans for the differential diagnosis of fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) under specific requirements; or, its use in a CMS approved practical clinical trial focused on the utility of $^{18}F-FDG$ PET in the diagnosis or treatment of dementing neurodegenerative diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.307-312
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• 2016

Alzheimer's disease is the most common degenerative brain diseases that causes dementia. ${\beta}$-amyloid neuritic plaque density that accumulates in the brain is difficult to perform daily living, such as memory loss, language ability deterioration. It is used to estimate ${\beta}$-amyloid neuritic plaque density in adult patients with cognitive impairment who are being evaluated for Alzheimer's disease and other causes of cognitive impairment. Using the $^{18}F$-Florbetaben with high sensitivity and specificity for the ${\beta}$-amyloid neuritic plaque density to evaluate the usefulness for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. In $^{18}F$-FDG Brain imaging shows no specific findings. And it appeared on the MR-Brain imaging without atrophy of the hippocampus. However, the intake of ${\beta}$-amyloid neuritic plaque density in $^{18}F$-Florbetaben informs that it is the progress of Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, $^{18}F$-Florobetaben is very useful for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• no.nspc3
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• pp.139-146
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• 1992

The primary sequence of the 18S rRNA gene of a crustacean Pugettia quadridens (Decapoda: Pleocyemata: Brachyura) was determined by the PCR cloning and Taq sequencing. The 18S rRNA gene of this species in 1837 bases long, and 46 bases shorter than that of another crustacean decapod Oedignathus inermis. The similarity between two species is 90.8% when the insertion and/or deletion sites were excluded. Within the molecule, the most conservative (identical) region locates at the position of 1137-1206 and it is 70 bases long. The most long consecutive nucleotide differences occur at the position between 46-55 and the second most between 399-407. The sequence variation in the primary structure of 18S rRNA gene are not evenly distributed throughout the molecule.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.218-224
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• 2011

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) OA18 was isolated from yogurt prepared by using Kefir Grain as a starter. The OA18 strain was a Gram-positive, cocci-type bacterium, and able to grow anaerobically with $CO_2$ production. The OA18 strain grew well on MRS broth supplemented with 50 mM arginine at $30-37^{\circ}C$ and pH of 7.0-9.0. The optimum temperature and pH for growth are $37^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0. The isolate fermented ribose, D-glucose, cellobiose, D-trehalose, but not L-xylose, D-melibiose, and inositol. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate showed 99.8% homology with the Enterococcus faecalis 16S rRNA gene (Access no. AB012212). Based on the biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis data, it was identified and named as E. faecalis OA18. The E. faecalis OA18 strain showed a high ornithine-producing capacity in the presence of arginine and also showed an antimicrobial activity against Streptomyces strains such as Streptomyces coelicolor subsp. Flavus, S. coeruleorubidus, S. coeruleoaurantiacus, S. coelicolor, S. coeruleoprunus. The cell growth of E. faecalis OA18 strain was maintained in MRS broth with a NaCl concentration of 0-7%.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.352-359
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• 2022

Recently, with the development of genetic technology, interest in environmental DNA (eDNA) to study biodiversity according to molecular biological approaches is increasing. Environmental DNA has many advantages over traditional research methods for biological communities distributed in the environment but highly depends on the established base sequence database. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the habitat status and classification at the genus level, which is mainly used in eDNA (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, COI, and CYTB), focusing on Korean registration taxon groups (phytoplankton, zooplankton, macroinvertebrates, and fish). As a result, phytoplankton and zooplankton showed the highest taxa proportion in 18S rRNA, and macroinvertebrates observed the highest ratio in the nucleotide sequence database in COI. In fish, all genes except 18S rRNA showed a high taxon ratio. Based on the Korean registration taxon group, the gene construction of the top 20 genera according to bio density observed that most of the phytoplankton were registered in 18S rRNA, and the most significant number of COI nucleotide sequences were established in macroinvertebrates. In addition, it was confirmed that there is a nucleotide sequence for the top 20 genera in 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and CYTB in fish. These results provided comprehensive information on the genes suitable for eDNA research for each taxon group.

• BMB Reports
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.461-465
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• 2008

IL-18 production may enhance immune system defense against KG-1 cells ; NB4 cells, which are associated with good prognosis, do not produce IL-18. In this study, we treated KG-1 cells with IL-18 and used microarray technology to assess subsequent effects on gene expression. In UniGene-array of 7488 human genes, expression of 57 genes, including stress related genes, increased at least 2-fold, whereas expression of 48 genes decreased at least 2-fold. Following exogenous exposure of KG-1 cells to IL-18, expression of CRYGC, $NF{\kappa}BIA$ and NACA gene were monitored. The latter is a transcriptional coactivator potentiating c-Jun-mediated transcription.$NF{\kappa}BIA$ is an inhibitor of $NF{\kappa}B$, and affects growth regulation, apoptosis and hypoxic stress. Studies, such as this one, are beginning to clarify the differences between cells associated with good and bad cancer prognoses, which may ultimately assist in medical treatment for acute myeloid leukemia.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.408-420
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• 2020

Purpose: Isoform 2 of tight junction protein claudin-18 (CLDN18.2) is a potential target for gastric cancer treatment. A treatment targeting CLDN18.2 has shown promising results in gastric cancer. We investigated the clinical significance of CLDN18.2 and other cell-adherens junction molecules (Rho GTPase-activating protein [RhoGAP] and E-cadherin) in metastatic diffuse-type gastric cancer (mDGC). Materials and Methods: We evaluated CLDN18.2, RhoGAP, and E-cadherin expression using two-plex immunofluorescence and quantitative data analysis of H-scores of 77 consecutive mDGC patients who received first-line platinum-based chemotherapy between March 2015 and February 2017. Results: CLDN18.2 and E-cadherin expression was significantly lower in patients with peritoneal metastasis (PM) than those without PM at the time of diagnosis (P=0.010 and 0.013, respectively), whereas it was significantly higher in patients who never developed PM from diagnosis to death than in those who did (P=0.001 and 0.003, respectively). Meanwhile, CLDN18.2 and E-cadherin expression levels were significantly higher in patients with bone metastasis than in those without bone metastasis (P=0.010 and 0.001, respectively). Moreover, we identified a positive correlation between the expression of CLDN18.2 and E-cadherin (P<0.001), RhoGAP and CLDN18.2 (P=0.004), and RhoGAP and E-cadherin (P=0.001). Conversely, CLDN18.2, RhoGAP, and E-cadherin expression was not associated with chemotherapy response and survival. Conclusions: CLDN18.2 expression was reduced in patients with PM but significantly intact in those with bone metastasis. Furthermore, CLDN18.2 expression was positively correlated with other adherens junction molecules, which is clinically associated with mDGC and PM pathogenesis.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.23 no.4 s.75
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• pp.310-317
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• 1995

The evolutionary relationships for 43 species in the taxa of the basidiomycetous yeast and related yeast-like fungi have been studied from the 43 18S rRNA partial sequences. Fibulobasidium inconspicuum showed a relatively close relationship to Filobasidiella neoformans. It is obvious that Tremella foliacea and Ustilogo rabenhorstiana form a independently different cluster from basidiomycetous yeast and seem to be phylogenetically distant from basidiomycetous yeast and each other. The basidiomycetous yeasts are believed more closely associated with Tremella foliacea than with Ustilago rabenhorstiana. The phenotypic criteria such as carotenoid pigments, teliospores, ballistospores seems not to be phylogenetically useful indicators.