• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 1994

The study area is filled up by alluvium which can be classified into lower and upper beds by the facies of deposits and their degree of weathering. The lower bed is not of marine but of fluvial. The upper bed is mainly composed of clay and silt or fine sand beds col-ored dark or dark gray which are of neritic or brackish yielding mollusca fossils. The oyster(Crassostrea ariakensis) obstained from the depth of 3m below the present sea level in the upper bed was dated at 4,100 110Y.B.P. and the veneridae(Meretrix lamarck) 1m height above the present delta plain in the old sand bar was dated at 1,700 85Y,B,P. It is therfore concluded that the study area a small kern col of terrestri-al basin prior to postglacial age had experienced the Holocene transgression. Consequently the study area is considered to have been progressively formed under neritic or brackish circumstance before 1,700Y.B.P.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.163-173
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• 2014

This study was performed to investigate the current status of isolation precautions of multidrug resistant organisms(MDROs) in general hospitals with more than 200bed. The questionnaires were mailed from 3rd, April 2013 to 30th, April 2013. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus:(MRSA), vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus:(VRSA), vancomycin resistant Enterococcus(VRE), multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa were enrolled. MRSA(100.0%) and VRE(98.7%) were isolated respectively. VRE(97.3%) and MRSA(64.0%) were regulated strictly respectively. VRE(91.5%) and VRSA(50.7%) were isolated in a single room respectively. Hospital being located in Seoul(p<0.001), and beds(${\geq}600$)(p=0.008) were different significantly. The isolation space limitation(71.1%) was the highest difficulty. The development of refunding the costs of the extra supplies and other hygienic materials for infection control was discovered as the most urgent strategy.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 1976

Utilization of the various cocoon beds were evaluated by raising the silkworm variety "Seul-ak${\times}$Soyang"according to cocoon quality produced in spring of 1969: Rotary cocoon bed, improved cocoon bed, grima cocoon bed, wood framed straw rope cocoon bed, and pine cocoon bed. In addition the economical analysis was made on the basis of cocoon price in spring of 1976. 1. The Rotary cocoon bed has economically much advantages in many ways; easy cocoon collection and percentage of best cocoon, percentage of cocoon shell, reelability and percentage of raw silk. It may give 8100 won for an extra income per box and increase by raising higher yielding variety. 2. The grima cocoon bed is superior to the wood framed straw rope cocoon bed, and the pine cocoon bed and it is comparatively easy set-up even though it is inferior to the improved cocoon bed in many characters.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.9-14
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• 1986

The rootability of hardwood cutting of mulberry (Morus alba L.) depending upon the kinds of cutting beds, soil of cutting beds, effect of growth regulator (Rootone-F), pretreatments of cutting scion, parts of branches were investigated, The results were as follows ; 1. Rootability was the highest in cutting after callus formed on sand bed, whereas null in the treatment of rice seedling hot bed. 2. Optimum cutting season was around March 26, showed 100% rootability in all treatments except wooden box filled with sand. 3. The order of rootability related with cutting part of branch was upper$^{\circ}C$), and cutting after formation of callus increased rootability, whereas cuttings left in open air for 5 days showed null rootability.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.458-471
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• 2001

To evaluate the infra structure supporting hospital nutrition services, we conducted a survey on the unit of organization, unit of dietitians work system, number of personnel engaged on nutrition services, productivity of food service, management of dietitians works, computerization of nutrition services etc. Total ninety-six hospitals were participated in the survey, and they were varied in terms of hospital classification, location, number of beds and type of food service management. All of the large hospitals with more than 400 beds conducted nutrition services under the department of nutrition, but some of the middle and small hospitals with less than 400 beds conducted nutrition services under the other department such as administration. In most of the tertiary hospitals, the work of dietitians were separated in which food services and medical nutrition services were conducted independently by different dietitians, whereas, in most of general hospitals and all the hospital, food services and medical nutrition services were conducted by the same dietitians in all time. The numbers of dietitians and cooks per 100 beds were fewer in the large hospitals with more than 400 beds than the hospitals with less than 400 beds, and the number of cooking and meal serving assistants were the just opposit. The average productivity of food service was 44.5 meals per hour for each dietitian, 84.8 meals per hour for a cook and 7.0 meals per hour for a cooking and meal serving assistant. The productivities for dietitians and cooks tend to be higher in large hospitals than middle and small hospitals, whereas the productivities for cooking and meal serving assistants were just opposite. The large hospitals seemed to solve the problem on the lack of working personnels by hiring part-time workers and by utilization of computer system for their works. The pattern of daily work management in food service area was not much different between dietitians duties, but the pattern of daily work management in medical nutrition service area was different in a way which the analysis of patients nutrient intakes was almost not conducted by dietitians handling both food services and medical nutrition services. Therefore, this study demonstrates that there are significant differences in the infra structures conducting nutrition services among hospitals, suggesting that the strategies to improve this improve this structure in relation to the improvement of service qualities need to be investigated in the future. (Korean J Nutrition 34(4) : 458∼471, 2001)

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.477-492
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• 2003

The purposes of the study were to establish HACCP-based standards and guidelines for conducting a plan review to build, or renovate, hospital food service establishments, and ensure the safety of foodservice and reduce the risk of food borne illness. The scope of the study included suggestion for the planning of hospital foodservice facilities: layout, design, equipment and modeling. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1) The development of a foodservice facility plan based on the results of a survey, literature reviews and the results of interviews with foodservice managers from 9 general hospitals. This was composed of operational policies in foodservices, layout characteristics, space allocation, selection, design, specification standards for equipment and the construction principles of foodservice facilities. 2) Two foodservice facility models were developed, one for general hospitals with 900 beds (2,000 patients and 2,500 employee meals per day) and the other for general hospitals with 300 beds (600 patients and 650 employees meals per day). 3) The suggested kitchen space requirements for the foodservice facility models were 341.2 ㎡ (W 17,100mm x L 23,700mm) and 998.8㎡ (W 35,600mm x L 32,800mm) for the 300 and 900 beds hospitals, respectively, with both designs being rectangular. The space requirements for the equipment, in relation to the total operational area, in terms of ratios were 1:3.5 and 1:3.8 for the 300 and 900 beds hospitals, respectively. The recommended space allowances per bed for the developed foodservice facility models were 1.15 ㎡ and 1.11 ㎡ for the 300 and 900 beds hospitals, respectively, which were increased by more than 30% compared to those suggested in the precedent study, and considered appropriate for the implementation of the HACCP system. 4) The hospital foodservice facilities plans and models were developed based on the general sanitation standards, guidelines and the HACCP system, and included foodservice facility layout, product flow, physical separation between contaminated and sanitary areas, foodservice facility specifications with a 1/300 scale for a 300 bed, and a 1/400 scale for a 900 beds blueprint. 5) The main features of the developed foodservice facility plans and models were; physical separation between contaminated and sanitary areas to prevent cross contamination, product flow in one direction from the arrival of the raw material to the finished product, and separation of different work areas and the process of receiving & preparation of products, refrigeration & storage, cooking, assembly, cleaning & disinfection, employee areas and janitorial facilities. The proposed models from this study were presented as examples for those wanting to build, or renovate, their facility for the production of foods.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.261-269
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to present the effective management strategy of RI based on the results of research on the causal relationship between the regional medical care capacity and the hospital management performance by calculating the RI of the general hospitals in Korea, This research has significance. The results of this study are as follows: First, statistically significant differences were found in Number of beds and recurring profits in urban areas by the general characteristics. Second, the correlations between the RI and the variables of the regional medical use are as follows: Recurring profit ratio, New Outpatient Visits, Operating Margin, Daily Outpatient Visits per 100 Beds, Daily Inpatient Days per 100 Beds, and Average Charge per Inpatient Day. Based on the results of this study, the significance of this study is as follows. First, we calculated the affinity for local medical use, which is the index of local medical utilization. Secondly, it is analyzed according to internal and external environmental factors such as city size, hospital size, etc. It can be said that the hospital provided basic data for establishment of hospital management strategy to increase the utilization rate of local medical care.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.510-521
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• 2020

Recently, transparency in accounting for medical institutions has been emphasized. However, due to the current system problems and structural limitations, there is a lack of diagnosis on the financial status of domestic hospitals. This study is based on the financial statements per 100 beds of 374 including domestic hospital level to tertiary hospital, and analyzed the Free Cash Flow(FCF) by hospital size from the perspective of Free Cash Flow Hypothesis. After deriving Operating Cash Flow(OCF) through the profit or loss statement of medical institutions, FCFs were analyzed through the prior and current financial statements and OCFs, and the correlation between financial variables was confirmed. According to the analysis, first, hospitals with 160 to 299 beds and 300 beds or more have relatively high FCFs. Second, certified tertiary hospitals, hospitals with less than 160 beds, and general hospitals have negative(-) FCFs. Thus, there's a need to narrow the FCF gap based on the size of the hospital, maintaining an appropriate level of FCF. This study is meaningful in that it was the first FCF analysis based on hospital size. This study is also expected to offer an informative resources in setting differentiated strategies according to the size of medical institutions when establishing new accounting policies in the future.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.107-113
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze factors that influence prerequisite program (PRP) performance of hospital foodservice operation. Data was collected through surveys given to 65 dietitians working in general hospital with ${\geq}100beds$. Importance score of sanitary management for the self-operated establishments was significantly higher than that of contract-managed in the areas of working environment management (p<0.01), waste management (p<0.05), clean disinfection management (p<0.05). Performance score of hospitals with ${\leq}300beds$ was significantly lower than that of hospitals with ${\geq}300beds$ in personal hygiene management (p<0.05). Moreover, importance score of dietitians spending ${\geq}3hours$ on inspection time was significantly higher than that of dieticians spending ${\leq}3hr$ in waste management area. According to the results of Pearson correlation analysis, PRP performance score was positively related with dietitian's career (p<0.05), number of submitted beds (p<0.05), cooking process inspection time (p<0.05), dietitian's job satisfaction (p<0.01), and holding rate of utensil and equipment (p<0.05). In addition, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that dietitian's job satisfaction (p<0.001) and holding rate of utensil and equipment (p<0.05) had a significant positive effect on prerequisite program performance. In conclusion, improvement of working condition to increase dietitian's job satisfaction and securing of utensils and equipments are high priorities for improvement of PRP performance.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.345-352
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• 2019

This study aims to analyze the factors affecting the length of stay in elderly pediatric inpatients in traffic accidents. We used Korean National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury data on the discharged from 2012 to 2016. Statistically significant factors affecting the length of stay are admission route, Charlson Comorbidity Index(CCI), injury parts, operation, results, hospital area, and beds for hospitals. The length of stay was shorter in the case of the admission route of the outpatient department than the emergency room, the results were not improved or death rather than improved, and the bed size was 500-999 beds or over 1000 beds rather than 100-299 beds. However, the length of stay was longer in the case of CCI score was 1-2 or over 3 rather than 0, injury parts were other parts rather than head/neck, when the operation was yes, and when the hospital area was a province, metropolitan rather than Seoul. This study intends to understand the medical characteristics of inpatient to prevent pedestrian traffic accidents in accordance with the population aging. Based on this finding, we wish to be used as the basic data for the establishment of policies to effectively manage traffic safety and medical resources in consideration of the characteristics of the elderly people.