• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.10
• /
• pp.384-394
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between physical factors, economic factors, and cultural factors of tourism gentrification (TG) in urban areas. Based on the results of an empirical analysis, we provide the basic theory and practical implications of the relationship between tourism phenomena and city image. This study used a questionnaire for residents of the Jeju area. From September 1, 2018, to October 3, 2018, the survey was conducted in Nuemori Street, Yeongdong Street, Gucheong Eup, and Moon Town. Thus, we use 479 samples for analysis out of 500 samples obtained. This study produced two important results. First, the physical, economic, and cultural factors of tourism gentrification have significant effects on cognitive image and emotional image. Second, economic factors have statistical significance in cognitive image and emotional image. These results and implications can be useful for practical implications of the theoretical implications of tourism gentrification and regional specialization promotion policies. In addition, from the economic point of view, what should be considered is that development-centered area development can have a negative impact on urban image. Despite these research results, there are limitations in the research, such as cross-sectional studies and short-term studies, and we look forward to a longitudinal study in the future from a long-term perspective.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
• /
• v.43
• /
• pp.103-137
• /
• 2022

In religious symbology, an emblem is a symbolic mark, which differentiates a religion from other groups. In addition, it holds a symbolic or conceptual character that enables viewers to recognize a certain religion. Daesoon Jinrihoe, a representative order among Korean religious traditions, also has a symbolic mark; however, it has not been designated with an official name as symbol despite its usage dating back to May 11, 1978. At the time, that mark has served as an emblem. Afterwards, the emblem was printed and has been officially used as a flag (unofficially known as the Dao Flag, the Fellowship Flag, etc.) since October 20th of that same year. The emblem of Daesoon Jinrihoe which is not only printed in the flag but has been utilized as a symbolic mark representing the order. Nevertheless, it is hard to find research related to this symbol. Consequently, this study aims to apprehend the existing materials about the flag's emblem and its meaning, as well as attempt to interpret its various implications. Indeed, this work will suggest another point of view about the emblem given that it embraces ambiguity. This research suggests that the emblem symbolically depicts the Daesoon (Great Itineration), Samwon (三圓, Three Circles), Sadae (四大, Four Dae), and the Center, and that, all together, this can imply more profound meanings than were expressed in previously posited explanations. As such, this study draws further significance from Daesoon Thought and find: first, the circle in the center of the emblem signifies the pivot of Daesoon; not just the earthly circle (地圓) or the human circle (人圓). This opens up the possibility that the circle symbolizes Mugeuk (Limitlessness) and Taegeuk (Great Ultimate), which include the pivot of Heaven, Earth, and Humanity. Secondly, the symbol of soil (土) in the center is separated from the human circle and reveals the symbol of harmony and creation as the rod shape of Four Dae. Thirdly, the protuberances in the circle point to specific directions and this allows for additional layers of meaning.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.42 no.5
• /
• pp.425-432
• /
• 2009

Gongneung Weir 2 was built in 1970s to supply water for irrigation. For a long time, the weir was left uncared because of the land use change of the nearby area. The weir is 1.5 m high, and the stream in which the weir was installed has bed materials of fine sands to fine gravels. In 2006, the local government and residents agreed on uninstalling the weir, and the weir was removed completely on April 14. This paper reports the results of three field investigations for the study of the stream morphology change after the weir removal. Changes in grain size distribution, bed elevation, and cross section before and after the weir removal are provided and discussed. Net amount of sediment deposits within 1 km reach of the stream is estimated, and the results illustrates that the sediment process, leading to an equilibrium of the bed, progressed very swiftly, namely within 45 days.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this research is to find out the differences of participation in common activities and life satisfaction of Swedish senior cohousing residents between the years of 2001 and 2010 by conducting a longitudinal study. The same questionnaire were surveyed nationwide to 186 residents of 8 Senior $G{\aa}rden$ cohousings in 2001 and 127 residents of 4 +40 cohousings in 2010, resulting in total 313 respondents' data. The results show that the +40 cohousing respondents are more likely than Senior $G{\aa}rden$ cohousing respondents to participate in all common activities, especially common meals and common coffee meetings. However, the subjective evaluation of the quantity as well as the contents of participating in common activities does not statistically differ in the two groups and life satisfaction is similarly high with a few differences. The +40 cohousing respondents are less likely to stay at and more likely to move into age-mixed cohousing if they have a chance to move when compared to their Senior $G{\aa}rden$ cohousing counterparts. The result of this research reveals that the general characteristics of senior cohousing residents have been changed and they have become more likely to be active participants of various common activities and have high life satisfaction.

• Anxiety and mood
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the longitudinal trajectories of life satisfaction, loneliness, and depression and to identify the factors that influence these trajectories in North Korean Defectors (NKD). Methods : NKD (n=300) who registered in the multi-regional adaptation center (Hana Center), within three years of settling in South Korea, were recruited into this study. Life satisfaction, loneliness, and depression were assessed with self-report questionnaires over a period of 4 years (7 waves of data). Latent growth modeling was conducted to assess the changes in life satisfaction, loneliness, and depression. Results : Findings from both unconditional and conditional models (with gender, South Korea settlement age, household income, marital status, and PTSD at wave 1) indicated a linear increase in loneliness and depression, and a linear decrease in life satisfaction over the 4-year period. In the conditional model, gender predicted the intercept of life satisfaction and depression. In addition, PTSD predicted the intercept of life satisfaction, loneliness, and depression and slope of depression. Conclusion : Our finding suggests that the mental health of NKD tends to deteriorate over time after settling in South Korea. Therefore, continuous support is necessary for their successful adaptation to the South Korean Society.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.275-285
• /
• 2020

This study aimed to track changes in students' perception about schools over time, to analyze how participation in the Education Welfare Priority Support Project(hereafter "the Project") explains the changes, and to determine how the results of changes affect students' learning engagement, self-confidence, and peer relationship. Data were collected from 103 schools nation-wide(51 elementary and 52 middle schools) from 2015, 2016 and 2017 from 820, 911, and 837 students, respectively. The data were analyzed by applying a latent growth model with two stages: unconditional and conditional. The findings are that first, the perception about schools by the students who participated in the Project increased over time; and second, that the improvement of students' perception of schools has a positive influence on their learning engagement, self-confidence, and peer relationship. In the future, it was suggested that programs aimed at improving positive perception about schools should be provided to all students led by teachers, and a customized integrated support program should be arranged to students in need of intensive support by the educational welfare specialists.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.53 no.3
• /
• pp.255-270
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence the consumption of convenience foods among Korean adolescents. Methods: This study had a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from the 15th (2019) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, which involved a nationwide representative sample of 57,303 middle- and high-school students. Convenience-food consumption was defined by frequency of adolescents consuming convenience foods obtained from convenience stores, supermarkets, and cafeterias over the previous 7 days. The analyzed variables were related to sociodemographic, mental health, and health behavior. The Rao-Scott χ² test was applied to examine the difference in the rate of consuming convenience foods obtained from convenience stores according to each factor. Hierarchical logistic regression was conducted to examine the factors that influence convenience-food consumption among Korean adolescents. Results: It was found that 29.1% of Korean adolescents consumed convenience foods obtained from convenience store more than three times per week. The significant influencing factors were female sex; low subjective academic achievement, and subjective household economic status; high perceived stress; low subjective sleep sufficiency; experience of depression; suicidal ideation; lower physical activity; skipping breakfast; lower consumptions of fruit, milk, and vegetables; higher consumptions of soda drinks, sweet drinks, caffeine, and fast food; lower water intake; current smoking and drinking; drug use; and experience of violence. Conclusion: These findings provide a better understanding of the sociodemographic, mental-health, and health-behavior factors that influence the consumption of convenience foods among Korean adolescents. We suggest that differentiated policies, strategies, and nutrition education need to be developed and implemented, in order to address the above-mentioned factors and thereby reduce such behaviors among Korean adolescents.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.73-81
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the efficiency of on-off-line integrated operations of listed retailers, propose ways to identify and improve the problems of inefficient enterprises, and accelerate the integration of on-off-line. The 28 listed retail companies selected total capital, management expenses, number of employees and wage rates as input factors as of 2018 and total operating income and operating profit were selected as output indicators to analyze efficiency using DEA. The results show that the integrated enterprise has a higher overall level of operational efficiency, but it is still in a state of stagnation. The pure technical efficiency of the integrated enterprise is generally higher, and the scale efficiency is the main reason that the overall efficiency of the enterprise is not improved. This study can help retail companies adjust their development strategies of online and offline integration according to their own degree of online and offline integration. This study has limitations in explaining the change in efficiency of retailers by conducting a cross-sectional analysis using data limited to 2018. It is necessary to utilize data over the next several years to conduct a longitudinal analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.164-172
• /
• 2020

This study investigated the longitudinal transition of adolescents' psychological character profiles, which includes self-esteem, acculturative stress, depression, and social withdrawal, and the predictive effects of parental efficacy, families' support, and friends' support in multicultural families. The sample consisted of 1,188 adolescents in elementary school, who were re-examined in three years, when they were in middle school from the part of waves 2 and 6 of the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study. A latent profile analysis identified three distinct profiles of psychological character among adolescents in elementary school and middle school: stable, social withdrawal, and unstable. As compared to elementary school, adolescents' psychological characteristics stayed stable and played critical roles on the latent classes. Parental efficacy, and supports from family and friends played critical roles on the latent classes. Specifically, as adolescents perceived full of supports from friends, they were more likely to make transitions to the stable group. Implications for intervention in multicultural families are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.452-468
• /
• 2012

Marine organisms were collected by the stow nets and the stow net on boat fisheries from April 2010 to November 2011 in the Han River Estuary and categorized as 126 species, 61 families, and 5 taxa. The species were consisted with 34 in Crustacea, 5 in Cephalopoda, 79 in Pisces, unidentified jellyfishes in Cnidaria, and Finless porpoise in Mammals. The major species were composed of fish and crustaceans in the Han River Estuary. The dominant species in Crustacea were Chinese ditch prawn (Palaemon gravieri), blue crab (Portunus trituberculatus), Ridgetail prawn (Exopalaemon carinicauda), and mantis crab (Oratosquilla oratoria), and those in Pisces were Korean anchovy (Coilia nasus), and Japanese grenadier anchovy (Coilia mystus). The length structures of the six dominant species have more than one mode in the Han River Estuary. It reflects that the species inhibit during a part of and/or whole lifetime in the Han River Estuary where they utilize as spawning and/or nursery grounds. Freshwater fishes were collected from station D where is the closest location to the Han River stream, and their appearances were well matched with the large amount of freshwater discharge due to flood periods. Principal components analysis (PCA) was carried out with species compositions and showed temporal and spatial differences by the variations of species.