• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.97-102
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• 2005

From the n-BuOH soluble traction of the 70% aqueous acetone extract of Rhododendron mucronulatum stem, twelve compounds were isolated. On the basis of spectral data, they were identified as scopoletin (1), (+)-taxifolin (2), quercetin (3), (-)-catechin (4), (+)-epicatechin (5), scopolin (6), lyoniside (7), ssioriside (8), fraxin (9), $(+)-lyoniresinol-3{\alpha}-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (10), $(+)-taxifolin-3-O-{\alpha}-L-arabinopyranoside$ (11), and astragalin (12), respectively. All isolated compounds were tested antioxidant activity against 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. Compounds 2 and 3 showed the potent antioxidant activity, and compounds 5, 8, and 11 showed moderate activity.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.32-36
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• 2019

Dendropanax morbifera Leveille, an endemic species in Korea, is best known as a tree that produces a resinous sap. Although D. morbifera is used in folk medicine for various diseases, its active ingredients are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated antioxidative activities of ethanolic extracts of three parts of this plant including leaves, debarked stems, and roots. The root extracts exhibited strong 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activity compared with leaf or stem extracts. The root extracts showed hepatoprotective activity against t-butyl hydroperoxide-induced HepG2 cells, and reduced the ROS level in the cells. The root fractions lowered the mRNA level of COX-2 on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated Raw246.7 cells. These results suggest that ethanolic root extracts of D. morbifera are a source of antioxidant and hepatoprotective compounds, which indicate a potential for a botanical drug.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.158-165
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• 2017

This study examined the components and physicochemical properties of citrus peel as a natural health food source by measuring the general and antioxidative contents of citrus peel. Total contents of carbohydrates, crude protein, crude lipid, and ash were 72.1%, 6.6%, 1.3%, and 3.7% respectively. Caloric content of citrus peel was 334.5 kcal, while total dietary fiber was 32.1%. Regarding mineral contents, Ca was the most abundant mineral, followed by K, Mg, and P. Total phenol contents of the 70% ethanolic extracts of citrus peel was $66.4{\pm}8.74mg\;GAE/g$. Total flavonoid contents of the 70% ethanolic extracts were $14.4{\pm}3.28mg\;RE/g$. The antioxidative activities of citrus peel were significantly increasing in a dose dependent manner on DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt) radical scavenging, FRAP(ferric reducing antioxidant power) activity and reducing power. Therefore, the general nutrients and other antioxidant bioactive materials in citrus peel proved that citrus peel possesses a high potential materials as a nutritious food.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.177-183
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• 2013

In this study, the antioxidative activities and component analysis of Broussonetia kazinoki SIEB (B. kazinoki). extracts were investigated. B. kazinoki extract showed the effective free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) scavenging activity ($FSC_{50}=8.53{\mu}g/mL$). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity ($OSC_{50}$) of the ethyl acetate fraction of B. kazinoki. extracts in the luminol-dependent $Fe^{3+}-EDTA/H_2O_2$ system was $1.69{\mu}g/mL$. The ethyl acetate fraction of B. kazinoki. extracts also exhibited more prominent cellular protective effects (${\tau}_{50}$, 183.3 min at $10{\mu}g/mL$) than that of typical antioxidant $\alpha$-tocopherol (${\tau}_{50}$ = 38.00 min) in the $^1O_2$-induced photohemolysis of human erythrocytes. Components of the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from B. kazinoki extracts were analyzed by TLC, HPLC chromatogram, LC/ESI-MS/MS and $^1H$-NMR. Consequently, Components, components were identified as the kazinol J of kazinol series and luteolin (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-chromenone) of flavonoid series having antioxidant activities. These results indicate that extract/ fraction of B. kazinoki can be used as antioxidants in biological systems, particularly skins exposed to UV radiation by quenching and/or scavenging $^1O_2$ and other ROS, and protecting cellular membranes against ROS. Thus, the extract/fraction of B. kazinoki could be applicable to new cosmeceuticals.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.104-112
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• 2008

Objective : This experimental study was preformed to investigate the effect of ethanol extract of Belamcandae Rhizoma (EBR) on dermal bioactive properties related to cosmeceuticals such as radical scavenging activity and depigmentation. Methods : The free radical scavenging activity of EBR was assayed in cell free systems using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Antibacterial potency was measured by the size of inhibition zone with change of volume. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay and tyrosinase activity was assessed using L-DOPA. Results : EBR showed slightly radical scavenging activity and protected against UVB-induced cell cytotoxicity. Futhermore, EBR showed antibacterial activities on S. epidermidis and S. aureus. Although the proliferation of B16/F10 cells was decreased by EBR, necrosis was not revealed. EBR augmented tyrosinase activity and dendrite outgrowth in B16/F10 cells. Conclusions : These results suggest that EBR has antioxidative ＆ antibacterial activities, and stimulate melanogenesis.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.427-435
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• 2019

Background: A growing interest in health has increased the need for the development of potent antioxidant materials known to play a role in various physiological activities. Currently research and development of non-toxic natural antioxidants with high activity is ongoing. Methods and Results: In this study, we measured 2,2'-azinobis- (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability of 10 plant essential oils, selecting samples of Dendranthema indicum, Dendranthema zawadskii, and Citrus sunki essential oils. The samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography (LC) and the radical scavenging activity on LC-based systems with the same conditions. In the LC-mass spectroscopy (MS)/MS analysis of the active compound peak, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol with a molecular weight of 150.1 g/mol was identified in C. sunki essential oils. Eugenol or isoeugenol with a molecular weight of 164.1 g/mol as identified in D. indicum and D. zawadskii essential oils as radical scavenging active compounds. Conclusions: In the LC-based measurement system, the active ingredient can be identified by simultaneously conducting profile analysis and the radical scavenging activity of essential oil samples. In addition, LC-MS/MS analysis of the active compound peaks can be performed under the same separation conditions to obtain data that can identify the active compounds in the sample.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2023

In this study, Crocus chrysanthus (Herb.) Herb. bulb extracts were extracted by purified water and ethanol, and their antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activity were measured to see the possibility as a cosmetic material. The yield of the extracts was 1.8% to 6.0%, and the yield decreased as the ethanol concentration increased. DPPH free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity was high at 91.97% at 625 ㎍/mL of 70% ethanol extract. The total phenol content was also measured at 447 mg/g, higher than other extraction methods. The whitening effect was confirmed through in vitro tyrosinase inhibitory activity. As the ethanol concentration of the extracts increased, the tyrosinase inhibitory activity increased, and 70% and 94.5% ethanol extracts showed high inhibitory activity. Therefore, the Crocus chrysanthus (Herb.) Herb. bulb extracts confirmed its potential as a cosmetic material through antioxidant and whitening effects.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.509-514
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• 2008

Tremendous natural product extracts were used as a herb medicine remedy or therapy for centuries. Because these extracts have various biological activities, we examined the effects of Gryllotalpa orientalis extract for anti-oxidant and anti-inflammation activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), hydroxy radical scarvenging and cyclooxygenase-2 promoter assays. Gryllotalpa orientalis extracts were prepared from solvents such as distilled water (DW), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethanol and methanol. The results showed that Gryllotalpa orientalis extracts have potent DPPH (methanol extract), FRAP (DW extract) and hydroxy radical scavenging (DW and methanol extracts) activity than any other extracts used. A significant inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) promoter activity was detected in the presence of DMSO extract or ethanol extract. Collectively, the present results suggested that Gryllotalpa orientalis extract could be used for anti-oxidant and/or anti-inflammation agent for human or agricultural purposes.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.87-91
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• 2001

Extracts from Geum japonicum (Bammu in Korean) were analyzed for their antioxidative activities and scavenging effects on free radicals. The ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum methanol extract (EFGJ) showed a remarkable scavenging activity on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. EFGJ also showed excellent antioxidative activity on linoleic acid during long-period storage and on rat liver microsome peroxidation system, and good anti-peroxidation effect on lipid in Rancimat system using lard, palm oil, and perilla oil, as compared with BHT and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Varying effects of antioxidative activity of the EFGJ on various fatty acids were observed. The prevention of linoleic acid and linolenic acid peroxidation was superior to ${\alpha}$-tocopherol, but inferior to BHT. The methanol extract of G. japonicum did not show mutagenicity as revealed through SOS chromotest. Based on the results, the extracts of G. japonicum may be useful source as natural antioxidants.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.124-129
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• 2009

Antioxidant activities of the extract of red seaweed, Polysiphonia morrowii, were evaluated using several in vitro assay systems. Activity-guided fractionation revealed that the 90% MeOH fraction of the P. morrowii extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, and that this fraction had a high total phenolic content ($135.7{\pm}5.0\;mg$ gallic acid/g extract). Therefore, the antioxidant activities of the 90% MeOH fraction against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical, reducing power, ferrous chelating, and hydrogen peroxide were investigated. The results revealed that the antioxidant activities of the 90% MeOH fraction were similar and/or superior to that of commercial antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). In addition, the ability of the 90% MeOH fraction to inhibit oxidative damage to DNA was assessed by measuring the conversion of the supercoiled pBR322 plasmid DNA to the open circular form. The 90% MeOH fraction was found to significantly protect this hydroxyl radical-induced DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, these findings suggest that the 90% MeOH fraction of P. morrowii extract and/or its constituents has the potential for use as a new bioresource of antioxidants.