• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 1989

This study was conducted to estimate heritabilities, genetic and phenotypic correlations on egg compositions in layers. The data analysis were a total of 6,097 eggs in S. C. W. Leghorn and R. I. Red from March 1, 1980 to July 31, 1981. The results obtained are summarized as follows； 1. The average albumen weight at first egg, 300 and 500 days of age were 28.67, 36.25 and 37.51g in the S. C. W. Leghorn, and 28.95, 36.01 and 36.85g in the R. I. Red, respectively. The yolk weigh at first egg ,300 and 500 days were 9.21, 15.94 and17.86g in the S. C. W. Leghorn,9.46, 16.43 and 18.54g in the R. I. Red, respectively. The shell weight at first egg, 300 and 500 days were 4.04, 5.39 and 5.40g in the S. C. W. Leghorn, and 3.66, 5.13 and 5.28g, respectively. 2. The heritability estimates based on the variance of sire and dam components were 0.631-0.164 and 0.412-0.496 in the S. C. W. Leghorn,0.234-0.563 and 0.477-0.610 in the R. I. Red for albumen weight； 0.213-0.530 and 0.343-0.613 in the S. C. W. Leghorn, 0.253-0.437 and 0.389-0.477 in the R. I. Red for yolk weight； 0.427-0.602 and 0.336-0.409 in the S. C. W. Leghorn, 0.141-0.281 in the R. I. Red for shell weight, respectively. 3. The genetic correlation coefficients of egg compositions were as follows； In the S. C. W. Leghorn and R. I. Red, the coefficients between albumen weight and yolk weight, 0.082-0.339 and 0.142-0.465； between albumen weight and shell weight, 0.674-0.952 and 0.216-0.546； between yolk weight and shell weight,0.173-0.171 and 0.121-0.749, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.239-252
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• 1989

The present study was carried out to investigate the improvement of major production traits with the published data of twenty-two years'random sample tests held in Korea from 1966 to 1988. Eight traits-roaring viability, laying viability, age of sexual maturity, hen day egg production, hen-housed egg production, egg weight, feed requirement, 500 days body weight-were dealt with in this study. The results obtained in this study are summerized as follows； 1. Total mean value for rearing viability was 99.4% in 1980s. Mean value for rearing viability of colored hen was 99.5% and white hen was 99.06% in 1980s. Mean value for laying viability was increased by 0.98%, 0.86% and 0.86% per year in pool data, white hen and colored hen, respectively. 2, Age of sexual maturity was decreased from 171.1 day to 160.8 day in pool data during 1960s- 1910s but increased to 162.4 day in 1980s； and decreased from 160.5 day to 1595 nay in white hen but increased from 163.7 day to 166.1 day in colored hen during 1970s-1980s. 3. Mean values for hen-day egg production were increased by 0.96%, 1.09% and 0.63% per year in pool data, colored hen and white hen, respectively. 4. Mean values for hen housed egg production were increased by 45, 5.37 and 4.23 per year in pool data, colored hen and white hen, respectively. 5. Egg weight were improved by 0.22g and 0.25g per year in pool data and colored hen but decreased by 0.03g in white hen. 6. feed requirement were improved by 0.04, 0.05 and 0.1 per year in pool data, white hen and colored hen, respectively. 7. 500 days body weights were increased by 0.38g per year in pool data but decreased by 14.95g and 10.37g in colored hen and white hen, respectively. 8. Estimate of correlation coefficient between age of sexual maturity and other factors such as hen day egg production. hen housed egg production, egg weight and 500 days body weight were -0.4512, -0.2876, -0.4376 and 0.2045 in pool data； -0.358, -0.1530 0.3475 and 0.1208 in white hen； 0.0989, 0.1181, 0.2885 and 0.2248 in colored hen, respectively. Estimates of correlation coefficient between hen day egg production and egg weight were 0.6233, -0.2259 and 0.2973 in Pool data, white hen and colored hen； between hen day egg production and 500 days body weight, 0.2417, 0.0774, -0.4787 ： between hen-housed egg production and egg weight, 0.6171, -0.2706, 0.4579： between hen housed egg production and 500 days body weight, 0.3082, -0.0792, -0.3368： between egg weight and 500 days body weight, 0.2742, 0.2205, 0.1354, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.116-120
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• 2011

The 0.98 ($Na_{0.44}K_{0.52})Nb_{0.84}O_3-0.02Li_{0.04}$ ($Sb_{0.06}Ta_{0.1})O_3-0.5$ mol%CuO ceramics have been fabircated by ordinary sintering technique and the effect of various calcination method on the electrical propertis and microstructure have been studied. It was observed that the various calcination method influenced the elelctrical properties and structural properties of the 0.98NKN-0.02LST-0.5 mol%CuO ceramics with the optimum piezoelectric constant ($d_{33}$) and electromechanical coupling factor ($k_p$) at room temperature of about $155{\rho}C/N$ and 0.349, respectively, from 0.98NKN-0.02LST-0.5 mol%CuO ceramics sample. The curie temperature ($T_c$) of this ceramic was found at $440^{\circ}C$. The 0.98NKN-0.02LST-0.5 mol%CuO ceramics are a promising lead-free piezoelectric ceramics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.78-79
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• 2000

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.123-127
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• 1997

To improve the quality and prolongation of chopped ginger, they were treated with NaCl, citric acid, ascorbic acid alone or combination of them at $5^{\circ}C$. The browning and stink of chopped ginger were prevented by adding 10% NaCl, $0.5{\sim}2.0%$ citric acid, but the control became severely browned and deteriorated after 1 month storage. The application of 0.5% citric acid maintained citrine color and decreased the activity of polyphenol oxidase(PPO) more significantly compared to 5.0% NaCl or 0.5% ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid treatment become browned at $1.0{\sim}2.0%$ and easily deteriorated compared to citric acid. Citric acid(0.5%) or ascorbic acid (0.5%) treatment was largely variation of pH compared to NaCl(5.0%)+citric acid(0.5%) or NaCl(5.0%)+ascorbic acid(0.5%) treatment during 8 month storage. The activity of PPO in NaCl(5.0%)+ascorbic acid(0.5%) treatment was elevated after 4 month storage. In chopped ginger, NaCl(5.0%)+citric acid(0.5%)+ascorbic acid(0.25%) treatment was more effective than 5.0%+0.1%+0.1%, 5.0%+0.5%+0.1% during 12 month storage.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2006

Clinical evaluation by Astigmatic Components of autorefractors was performed to examine validity and accuracy compared with subjective refraction. The mean cylindrical powers of Astigmatic Components of Subjective Refraction, Closed-view and Open-view were found to be $-0.689{\pm}0.516D$, $-0.691{\pm}0.530D$, $-0.470{\pm}0.507D$, respectively. The Difference of cylindrical Components between Subjective Refraction and Closed, Open-view were found to be $0.002{\pm}0.191D$, $0.015{\pm}0.137D$, respectively. Approximately 85% of Closed-view and Open-view autorefractor measurements were within ${\pm}20^{\circ}$ range of the difference of cylindrical axis with subjective refraction. The mean $J_0$ Components of Astigmatic Components of subjective refraction, Closed-view and Open-view were found to be $-0.155{\pm}0.332D$, $-0.004{\pm}0.178D$, $-0.001{\pm}0.156D$, respectively. The mean $J_{45}$ Components of Astigmatic Components, Closed-view and Open-view were found to be $-0.023{\pm}0.227D$, $-0.026{\pm}0.172D$, $-0.014{\pm}0.182D$, respectively. Both of the Closed-view and Open-view refractor showed available accuracy in measuring astigmatic components.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.44 no.11
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• pp.639-644
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• 2007

Spinel pigments, developing black color in high temperature glazes at oxidation or reduction atmosphere, without CoO because of its high price were synthesized by solid solution method. Ten mixed compositions consisted of NiO, MnO, $Fe_2O_3 and $Mn_2O_3$ were fired at $1250^{\circ}C$ for 1h. The resulting pigments were characterized by using XRD, FT-IR, SEM and UV-vis spectrometer. Structure of the pigments are spinel and particles' shape are spherical or cubic. Glazed tiles containing 5 wt% pigments were fired at $1260^{\circ}C$ and $1240^{\circ}C$ in reduction atmosphere. Color in glazes were analyzed by UV-vis spectrometer. Colors of NiO 0.875 MnO $0.125{\cdot}Fe_2O_3$ $0.4875{\cdot}Cr_2O_3$ $0.50{\cdot}Mn_2O_3$ 0.0125 mole% and NiO 0.875 MnO $0.125{\cdot}Fe_2O_3$ $0.3875{\cdot}Cr_2O_3$ $0.50{\cdot}Mn_2O_3$ 0.1125 mole% in lime glaze showed black in oxidation, in reduction NiO 0.875 MnO $0.125{\cdot}Fe_2O_3$ $0.4875{\cdot}Cr_2O_3$ $0.50{\cdot}Mn_2O_3$ 0.0125 mole% and NiO 0.875 MnO $0.125{\cdot}Fe_2O_3$ $0.4375{\cdot}Cr_2O_3$ $0.55{\cdot}Mn_2O_3$ 0.0125 mole% showed black. In case of lime-barium glaze, NiO 0.875 MnO $0.125{\cdot}Fe_2O_3$ $0.3875{\cdot}Cr_2O_3$ $0.50{\cdot}Mn_2O_3$ 0.1125 mole%, NiO 0.975 MnO $0.075{\cdot}Fe_2O_3$ $0.4375{\cdot}Cr_2O_3$ $0.50{\cdot}Mn_2O_3$ 0.0625 mole% and NiO 0.925 MnO $0.075{\cdot}Fe_2O_3$ $0.4375{\cdot}Cr_2O_3$ $0.50{\cdot}Mn_2O_3$ 0.0625 mole% showed black color in oxidation and NiO 0.875 MnO $0.125{\cdot}Fe_2O_3$ $0.3875{\cdot}Cr_2O_3$ $0.50{\cdot}Mn_2O_3$ 0.1125 mole%, NiO 0.925 MnO $0.075{\cdot}Fe_2O_3$ $0.4375{\cdot}Cr_2O_3$ $0.50{\cdot}Mn_2O_3$ 0.0625 mole% and NiO 0.725 MnO $0.275{\cdot}Fe_2O_3$ $0.4375{\cdot}Cr_2O_3$ $0.50{\cdot}Mn_2O_3$ 0.0625 mole% showed black one in reduction.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.75-80
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• 2001

Purpose: There was little evidence that Tc-99m labeled ciprofloxacin (Infecton) located inside of bacteria. Antimicrobial activity of Infecton could be an indirect evidence of its location. We compared in vitro antimicrobial activities of Infecton and ciprofloxacin. Materials and methods: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Infecton and ciprofloxacin against three standard strains of bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 were measured using modified broth macrodilution techniques and pour plate methods, respectively. Data were expressed as mean${\pm}$SE (range). Results: MICs of Infecton and ciprofloxacin were $1.12{\pm}0.20\;(0.8{\sim}1.6){\mu}g/ml\;and\;0.35{\pm}0.04\;(0.2{\sim}0.4){\mu}g/ml$ for S. aureus, $0.03{\pm}0.005\;(0.025{\sim}0.05){\mu}g/ml\;and\;0.011{\pm}0.001\;(0.006{\sim}0.012){\mu}g/ml$ for E. coil, and $0.96{\pm}0.16\;(0.8{\sim}1.6){\mu}g/ml)\;and\;0.56{\pm}0.098\;(0.4{\sim}0.8){\mu}g/ml$ for P. aeruginosa, respectively. MBCs of Infecton and ciprofloxacin were $2.56{\pm}0.39\;(1.6{\sim}3.2){\mu}g/ml\;and\;0.88{\pm}0.2\;(0.4{\sim}1.6){\mu}g/ml$ for S. aureus, $0.04{\pm}0.05\;(0.025{\pm}0.05){\mu}g/ml\;and\;0.02{\pm}0.01\;(0.025{\sim}0.05)\;{\sim}g/ml$ for E coli, and $2.24{\pm}0.39\;(1.6{\sim}3.2){\mu}g/ml\;and\;1.44{\pm}0.16\;(0.8{\sim}1.6){\mu}g/ml$ for P. aeruginosa, respectively. Conclusion: Although both MICs and UBCs of Infecton were higher than those of ciprofloxacin, all three standard bacterial strains were sensitive to Infecton. It could be an indirect evidence that Tc-99m Infecton be a specific imaging agent for bacterial infection.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.689-695
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• 2011

Diabetic patients need nutritional education more than those suffering from other diseases because of the necessity of controlling blood glucose levels with dietary treatment. The purpose of this study was to find out the effectiveness of nutrition education on diabetes control and antioxidant status, both of which are related to diabetic complications. Thirty (15 males and 15 females) type 2 diabetes mellitus patients aged $66.7{\pm}8.8$ years participated in a 4-week nutrition education program. Nutrient intakes, blood glucose level, antioxidant status, and DNA damage were evaluated before, immediately after, and three months after the education program. Changes in those parameters over time were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of covariance. Over time, HbA1c (p=0.000), plasma total cholesterol (p=0.002), plasma thiobarbituric acid related substances (TBARS; p=0.000), and leukocyte DNA damage (p=0.000) significantly decreased; plasma retinol (p=0.001), plasma tocopherol (p=0.000), erythrocyte catalase (CAT; p=0.000), and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GPx; p=0.000) significantly increased. In an evaluation of nutrient intakes by Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRI), energy (p=0.009), phosphorus (p=0.033), sodium (p=0.001), potassium (p=0.019), zinc (p=0.043), riboflavin (p=0.050), folic acid (p=0.048) and vitamin C (p=0.008) intakes had significant positive changes. In a correlation analysis of the biochemical and nutritional changes resulting from the education program, plasma TBARS were negatively correlated with potassium (r=-0.418, p<0.05), iron (r=-0.443, p<0.05), riboflavin (r=-0.432, p<0.05), and folic acid (r=-0.446, p<0.05) intakes, while plasma retinol was positively correlated with energy (r=0.543, p<0.01), protein (r=0.543, p<0.01), phosphorus (r=0.425, p<0.05), iron (r=0.485, p<0.05), zinc (r=0.570, p<0.01) and niacin (r=0.510, p<0.05) intakes. Erythrocyte CAT was positively correlated with folic acid intake (r=0.605, p<0.01). From these results, we suggest that an improvement in nutrition resulting from a diabetic education program for type 2 diabetes patients led to improvement in their antioxidant status, also possibly reducing complications resulting from diabetes.

• Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2021

The Unsang gold deposit has been one of the three largest deposits (Daeyudong, Kwangyang) in Korea. The geology of this deposit consists of series of host rocks including Precambrian metasedimentary rock and Jurassic Porphyritic granite. The deposit consists of Au-bearing quartz veins which filled fractures along fault zones in Precambrian metasedimentary rock and Jurassic Porphyritic granite, which suggests that it is an orogenic-type deposit. Quartz veins are classified as 1) galena-quartz vein type, 2) pyrrhotite-quartz vein type, 3) pyrite-quartz vein type, 4) pegmatic quartz vein type, 5) muscovite-quartz vein type and 6) simple quartz vein type based on mineral assembles. The studied quartz vein is pyrite-quartz vein type which occurs as sericitization, chloritization and silicification. The white mica from stylolitic seams of laminated quartz vein occurs as fine or medium aggregate associated with white quartz, pyrite, chlorite, rutile, monazite, apatite, K-feldspar, zircon and calcite. The structural formular of white mica from laminated quartz vein is (K0.98-0.86Na0.02-0.00Ca0.01-0.00Ba0.01-0.00 Sr0.00)1.00-0.88(Al1.70-1.57Mg0.22-0.09Fe0.23-0.10Mn0.00Ti0.04-0.02Cr0.01-0.00V0.00Ni0.00)2.06-1.95 (Si3.38-3.17Al0.83-0.62)4.00O10(OH2.00-1.91F0.09-0.00)2.00. It indicated that white mica of laminated quartz vein has less K, Na and Ca, and more Si than theoretical dioctahedral micas. Compositional variations in white mica from laminated quartz vein are caused by phengitic or Tschermark substitution [(Al3+)VI+(Al3+)IV <-> (Fe2+ or Mg2+)VI+(Si4+)IV] and direct (Fe3+)VI <-> (Al3+)VI substitution. The structural formular of chlorite from laminated quartz vein is((Mg1.11-0.80Fe3.69-3.14Mn0.01-0.00Zn0.01-0.00K0.07-0.01Na0.01-0.00Ca0.04-0.01Al1.66-1.09)5.75-5.69 (Si3.49-2.96Al1.04-0.51)4.00O10 (OH)8. It indicated that chlorite of laminated quartz vein has more Si than theoretical chlorite. Compositional variations in chlorite from laminated quartz vein are caused by phengitic or Tschermark substitution (Al3+,VI+Al3+,IV <-> (Fe2+ or Mg2+)VI+(Si4+)IV) and octahedral Fe2+ <-> Mg2+ (Mn2+) substitution. Therefore, laminated quartz vein and alteration minerals of the Unsan Au deposit was formed during ductile shear stage of orogeny.