• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.790-794
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• 2006

도시화 면적이 증가하면 불투수 면적이 증가하고 그에 따라 도시 하천의 평상시 유출이 감소한다. 도시유역의 평상시 수량을 회복시키는 방법으로는 침투 증진시설(투수성 포장, 침투 트렌치, 침투 측구 등)의 설치, 하수의 고도처리 후 방류, 저수지에 의한 유황 개선, 지하철 용출수 활용 등이 있다. 우리나라의 경우에 일부 도시하천의 수량 감소가 심각한 상황에 이르고 있으며 이를 해결하고자 하는 노력이 최근에 나타나고 있다. 수량을 회복하려면 유량 평가를 위한 현장조사, 수량회복 계획, 재원의 반영, 수량회복 시설의 설치 및 관리의 순서로 단계별 사업이 수행되어야 한다. 계획 단계의 과업에서 필요한 사항은 여러 가지 수량 회복방법의 영향을 정량 평가하는 것이다. 이에 핵심이 되는 것은 수량 회복 요소를 포함하거나 추가한 수문순환평가 도구이다. 본 연구는 기존의 수문 모형을 수정하여 침투 트렌치 모의기능을 갖도록 하는 것과, 이를 가지고 침투 트렌치의 수량 회복 효과를 분석하는 것이다. 침투 트렌치를 모의하도록 SWMM(Storm Water Management Model) 모형을 수정하였으며, 수정된 SWMM으로 학의천 배수유역 중 특정 소유역을 대상으로 하여 시험수행을 실시하였다. 학의천 배수유역 중 9번 소유역을 대상으로 도시 연속유출모의를 수행하여 침투 트렌치의 효과를 분석하였다. 9번 소유역의 경우 산지가 거의 80 %이며, 불투수율과 현지여건, 도로상황을 고려할 때 길이 100 m 규격의 트렌치 약 $10{\sim}20$개 정도가 설치 가능한 것으로 검토되었다. 그러나 현실성을 감안하여 시범수행에서는 10개의 트렌치를 설치하여 그 효과를 분석하였다. 9번 소유역 145번 지점의 유황을 분석한 결과 저수량$(Q_{275})$은 $0.0177m^3/s$에서 $0.0190m^3/s$로, 갈수량$(Q_{355})$은 $0.0176m^3/s$에서 $0.0189m^3/s$로 약 7%가 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다. 결과로부터 침투 트렌치는 저수량 및 갈수량을 증가시키는 보조수단이 될 수 있다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.281-290
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of emotional labor, resilience, nursing work environment on turnover intentions of comprehensive nursing care medical service ward nurses. The data were collected from 186 subjects using a structured self-report questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS WIN Version 22.0. The mean score of emotional labor, resilience, nursing work environment, and turnover intentions were 3.66, 3.52, 2.62, and 3.82. Turnover intentions had significant correlation with emotional labor, resilience and nursing work environment. The influencing factors on turnover intentions were sex, emotional labor, resilience and nursing work environment of comprehensive nursing care medical service ward nurses. These result indicates that in order to reduce the turnover intentions of comprehensive nursing care medical service ward nurses, it is necessary to develop and apply an intervention programs considering sex, emotional labor, resilience, and nursing work environment.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.225-239
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• 2014

An effect of reward program related to promotional activity has the limitation of being concentrated on a short-term performance or of inducing temporary re-purchase. Accordingly, this study verified the influence of reward method upon consumers' response recovery centering on interactive effects of reward timing and reward intensity, in order to expand a research of dissatisfaction situation. As for the objective of this study, first, the aim is to verify the difference in the influence of economic, non-economic, and combined rewards, which are reward methods of dissatisfaction situation, upon consumers' cognitive response recovery and emotional response recovery. Second, the aim is to confirm a moderating role of reward timing and reward intensity in the effect of consumers' response recovery according to reward methods. To design a research, the perfect factor design between subjects in 3X2X2 was used. As a result of major research, first, there was a difference in the influence upon consumers' response recovery depending on reward methods. Second, the influence of reward method upon consumers' response recovery had a difference depending on reward timing. Third, the influence of reward method upon consumers' response recovery had a difference depending on reward intensity. Consumers' response recovery level was confirmed to have the greatest influence in the combined reward. This study has a significance in newly applying the reward timing, in the dissatisfaction situation which is addressed in the general reward program. Through this study, the aim was to support the empirically analytical results of prior researches and to expand its role in several angles.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.71-79
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• 2008

To find out the effect of the vegetation recovery and the problems of forest land, the researches of the mortality in pine stand and vegetation recovery have been carried out from the burned site. In area which is damaged by fire scar on crown and stem, rate of dead is higher. Where stand growing stocks were totally damaged by crown forest fire, most of vegetation was recovered by sprouts and planted seeds. Vegetation recovery power were depending on the condition of soil depth condition. For the artificial recovery, the damage happened by insects in the planted birches plantation. Rate of growth was somewhat different between Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii in the plantation, because of individual growth rate.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.51-51
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• 2022

최근 하천복원의 패러다임은 자연성 회복이라는 커다란 목표아래 하천연속성 확보 및 지형의 자연성 회복, 유황의 회복으로 하천의 역동성과 생태계건강성을 회복하는 것으로 변화되었다. 과거우리나라의 하천은 홍수방어 및 토지이용을 목적으로 제방을 설치하고 하도를 직강화화 시켰으며, 저수로와 홍수터를 분리하는 하도계획으로 인하여 하천의 홍수터를 농경지나 공원 및· 주차장 등으로 활용하는 등 홍수터를 인위적으로 고착화시켜왔다. 더욱이, 상류의 댐 및 저수지에서 방류량을 조절함으로써 중소규모의 홍수가 줄어드는 등 하천 흐름의 변화를 나타내는 유황이 단순해져 미지형 하상변화가 감소되었다. 뿐만아니라 하상이 건조화됨으로 인하여, 식생침입 등에 따른 하천 수림화가 진행되고 이로 인하여 하천이 습지라고 볼 수 없는 육역화 현상이 심화되고 있는 현실이다. 따라서 자연과 인간이 공존하기 위한 올바른 하천환경 관리를 위하여 수림화 및 육역화 정도 분석 및 해당하천에 대한 육역화의 원인규명, 이에 대한 대책 수립이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 하천지형의 형성과정, 하천식생의 정착과정, 하도육역화의 정의, 육역화 방지를 위한 국외사례를 분석하며, 한강 장항습지의 사례를 통하여 육역화방지 대책 및 복원방안을 제안하였다

• Vending industry
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• v.4 no.4 s.12
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• pp.62-67
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• 2004

최근 들어 자판기 중소기업들의 경기가 말이 아니다. 가중되는 경기침체에 따라 수요위축이 가중되고 있는 현실에서 중소기업들은 악전고투를 하며 어려운 시장상황을 헤쳐나가고 있는 게 보통이다. 자판기 산업의 열악한 대외환경에 사업 투자를 중단하는 업체도 늘고 있고, 새로운 기업들의 신규투자 동향은 꽁꽁 얼어붙어 있다 할 정도로 부진하다. 한마디로 자판기 분야 중소기업은 위기 상황이라 할 정도로 많은 어려움을 겪고 있다. 아이템 지향적인 자판기 산업 특성상, 중소기업의 부진은 자판기 산업 성장동력을 급속히 위축시킨다는 점에서 심각한 문제가 아닐 수 없다. 자판기 산업이 활력을 회복하고 불황을 탈출하기 위해서는 중소기업의 새로운 활로모색이 시급한 시점이다. 금호 기획취재에서는 위기의 중소기업 상황을 긴급 진단하고, 시장 활성화 방안을 모색해봤다.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.137-146
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• 1996

There has been no general agreement about optimal time for nerve surgery in the closed brachial plexus injury(BPI). From our early experiences, we knew by chance that spontaneous recovery in BPI patients may begin even later than 8 months after injury. Authors' strategy, which was based on our early experiences, for the treatment of closed fresh injury was 'wait and see' unlit 8 months after injury. From 1985 to 1994, we observed 103 patients with BPI. All of them did not have any operation until 8 months after injury. There were 95 men and 8 women with a mean age of 29 years. Motorcycle injury(31%) and vehicle accident(28%) were main causes of injury. Whole plexus types were observed in 56 patients(54%), upper plexus types in 29(28%), lower plexus types in 3(3%), and infraclavicular types in 15(15%). Electromyography was performed in all patients. This was repeated every three months to detect the recovery. Results were evaluated by authors' criteria, in which AMA system of brachial plexus impairment was modified. Duration of follow up was average 25 months. 47 patients(46%) showed spontaneous improvement, which was initially detected at average 7.8 months(range,3 months-16 months) after trauma by electromyography. The average score of these 47 patients improved from 14.8 points to 39.8 points.31 patients(30%) had nerve surgery such as nerve graft, neurotization or neurolysis. Average duration from injury to nerve surgery, was 10 months. Among 31 patients who had nerve surgery, 16 patients improved from preoperative 21.5 points to postoperative 36.3 points in average. Because spontaneous recovery began in average 7.8 months after injury, we think that it would be better to 'wait and see' for at least one year in patients with closed BPI expecting spontaneous recovery.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.309-317
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• 1988

The effects of $CaCl_2$, K-sorbate, and fermented fish sauces and blanching on the texture of Chinese cabbage of Kimchi were evaluated. The addition of salt-fermented shrimp or salt-fermented anchovy accelerated the pH reduction, acidity increase and reducing sugar consumption, but K-sorbate, Ca-chloride and blanching suppressed the ripening process of Kimchi. The latter retarded the softening rate of Chinese cabbage during Kimchi fermentation, as demonstrated by the cutting force, compression force, recovered height and work ratio. The sensory evaluation confirmed the results of instrumental texture measurments. The instrumental measurements, i.e. pH, acidity cutting thickness, cutting force and compression test parameters, showed acidity acidity was calculated as % lactic acid attributes, i.e. the preferences for taste, appearance and texture, and the level of crispiness, hardness, chewiness and fibrousness. The pH of Kimchi was appeared to be an important quality parameter, whiih had significant correlations with the taste, appearance, chewiness, hardness, fibrousness and crispiness.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1977

The changes of the total body composition, internal organs, skeletal muscles, and epididymal fat pad in rats fed protein depletion diet and 4 different recovery diets were examined. Seventy-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing $212{\pm}2$ gr were used, and the results were as follows : A) After the 2 weeks of protein depletion, body weight decreased about 20% from the initial weight. It was mainey due to the total body lipid reduction. Among various organ weights, liver and spleen reduced $35{\sim}58%$, kidney and heart reduced $18{\sim}30%$, and muscles reduced $2{\sim}13%$, while brain, epididymal fat pad were not changed significantly. In regarding protein and lipid contents of these tissues, protein in liver, lipid in muscle, and both in spleen were markedly reduced. B) With the 2 weeks of feeding recovery diets, the increases of body weight were different among 4 Groups. High-fat group gained at the highest level (67%), and high-CHO group the lowest (30%). Total body composition (%) cf the standard and high-protein groups recovered to the level of 0 day protein depletion, while protein in the high-fat group and water in the high-CHO group decreased, and fat in these 2 groups increased. Weights of organs and muscles of the high-protein and high-fat groups were similar to the standard group and tllose of the high-CHO group were lower than the standard group. Composition of organs and muscle in the high-protein group was similar to the standard group, while the N contents of the high-fat and high-CHO groups were lower an the lipid content of the high-fat group was higher than the standard group. The weight and lipid content of epididymal fat pad were the highest in the high-fat group.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.430-437
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• 2011

The epidermal recovering-effects of the Cnidium officinale extract after inducing contact-dermatitis by 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) showed by measuring thickness of skin, identifying IgE amounts in plasma, and activities of anti-oxidant enzymes using histochemical and biochemical methods. By three-time applications of the extract, morphological changes of dermatitis in impaired region were recovered dramatically and shape of skin surface and thickness of epidermis were restored to be normal. Also, lipid content was recovered to the level of normal state. We suggested that extract treatment lowered a hypersensitive reaction by decreasing of IgE level in blood and restored activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. In conclusion, we proposed that C. officinale extract might be used as natural resources for treating effectively allergic contact-dermatitis.