• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.82-88
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• 2021

Sun-induced fluorescence (SIF) retrieval using remote sensing technique has been used in an effort to understand the photosynthetic efficiency and stress condition of vegetation. Although optical devices and SIF retrieval methodologies were established in order to retrieve SIF, the SIF measurements are domestically sparse. SIF data of paddy rice w as measured in Naju, South Korea from June 10, 2020 to October 5, 2020. The SIFs based red (O2A) and far-red (O2B) w ere retrieved using a spectral fitting method and an improved Fraunhofer line depth, and photosynthetically active radiation was also produced. In addition, the SIF data was filtered considering solar zenith angle, saturation conditions, the rapid and sudden change of solar irradiance, and sun glint. The provided SIF data can help to understand a SIF product and the filtering method of SIF data can contribute to producing high-quality SIF data.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.251-256
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• 2021

Currently, in the field of community service, it is expected that the demand will further increase in the future by enabling the form of providing various types of services. However, the local community service investment project is an abstract Although the structure for fair competition was created by introducing a market mechanism derived from the action or principle of psychology that affects human behavior in the field, systematic management and monitoring of the quality of social services is insufficient. The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between service selection factors and service quality in order to improve the quality of social services in the consumer's way to meet these environmental needs, and to utilize the research results for quality improvement. The research model to be used in this paper measures the five element areas of service satisfaction such as reliability, responsiveness, empathy, certainty, and tangibility, which are used to measure the quality of local community service investment projects. In addition, we are various strategic implications that can induce the quality improvement of local community service investment projects are presented by finding the main factors of the four research hypotheses of this study and utilizing the results.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.133-138
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• 2022

Recently, as GPU performance has improved in HPC and artificial intelligence, its use is becoming more common, but GPU programming is still a big obstacle in terms of productivity. In particular, due to the difficulty of managing host memory and GPU memory separately, research is being actively conducted in terms of convenience and performance, and various CPU-GPU memory transfer programming methods are suggested. Meanwhile, recently many SoC (System on a Chip) products such as Apple M1 and NVIDIA Tegra that bundle CPU, GPU, and integrated memory into one large silicon package are emerging. In this study, data between CPU and GPU devices are used in such an integrated memory device and performance-related research is conducted during transmission. It shows different characteristics from the existing environment in which the host memory and GPU memory in the CPU are separated. Here, we want to compare performance by CPU-GPU data transmission method in NVIDIA SoC chips, which are integrated memory devices, and NVIDIA SMX-based V100 GPU devices. For the experimental workload for performance comparison, a two-dimensional matrix transposition example frequently used in HPC applications was used. We analyzed the following performance factors: the difference in GPU kernel performance according to the CPU-GPU memory transfer method for each GPU device, the transfer performance difference between page-locked memory and pageable memory, overall performance comparison, and performance comparison by workload size. Through this experiment, it was confirmed that the NVIDIA Xavier can maximize the benefits of integrated memory in the SoC chip by supporting I/O cache consistency.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.235-241
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• 2022

According to the World Water Development Report 2015 released by the United Nations, drinking water is expected to decrease by 40% by 2030. This does not mean that the amount of water decreases, but rather that the water source is contaminated due to environmental pollution. Because microbes are deeply related to water quality, the analysis of microbe is very important for water quality management. While the most common method currently used for microbial analysis is microscopic examination of the shape and feature after cell culture, as the gene analysis technology advances, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) can be applied to the microscopic microbiological analysis, and the application method has been studied. Among them, a reverse transcription (RT) step enables the analysis of RNA by RT-PCR. Integrated cell culture (ICC)-qPCR shortens the test time by using it with microbial culture analysis, and viability qPCR can reduce the false positive errors of samples collected from natural water source. Multiplex qPCR for improved throughput, and microfluidic qPCR for analysis with limited amount of sample has been developed In this paper, we introduce the case, principle and development direction of the qPCR method applied to the analysis of microorganisms.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.55 no.9
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• pp.679-686
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• 2022

As the occurrences of flash floods have increased due to climate change, faster and more accurate precipitation observation using X-band radar has become important. Therefore, the Ministry of Environment installed two dual-pol X-band radars at Samcheok and Uljin. The radar data used in this study were obtained from two different elevation angles and composed to reduce the shielding effect. To obtain quantitative rainfall, quality control (QC), K_DP retrieval, and Hybrid Surface Rainfall (HSR) methods were sequentially applied. To improve the accuracy of the quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) of the X-band radar, we retrieved parameters for the relationship between rainfall rate and specific differential phase, which is commonly called the R-K_DP relationship; hence, an empirical approach was developed using multiple rain gauges for those two radars. The newly suggested relationship, R = 27.4K^0.81_DP, slightly increased the correlation coefficient by 1% more than the relationship suggested by the previous study. The root mean square error significantly decreased from 3.88 mm/hr to 3.68 mm/hr, and the bias of the estimated precipitation also decreased from -1.72 mm/hr to -0.92 mm/hr for overall cases, showing the improvement of the new method.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.539-546
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• 2022

The current ｢Detailed guidelines for the safety and maintenance of facilities (performance Evaluation)｣ prescribes that the durability of surface concrete is evaluated by comparing the measuring the surface rebound value between sound parts and non-sound parts that have surface damage due to winter rain or leakage on concrete. However, this evaluation method was proposed by analyzing the correlation with an experimental DB obtained under freeze-thaw simulation promoting the environment without reviewing on-site applicability. Therefore, this study reviewed on-site application appropriateness of the concrete freeze-thaw damage evaluation method for the 21 concrete bridges in Korea. From the results, it was clearly confirmed that there was a difference in the surface rebound value between the sound part and the non-sound on the concrete surface; the current evaluation method is considered appropriate for application at the site. In addition, the necessity of adding a specific method and a measurement position of surface rebound value were also analyzed, and the effectiveness of the current evaluation method was also analyzed when targeting the entire concrete bridge, not the evaluation of some sections.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.111 no.4
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• pp.530-537
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• 2022

This study was conducted to compare the physical and chemical properties of soils in Quercus acutissima, Q. mongolica, Q. serrata, and Q. variabilis stands. A total of 423 plots (Q. acutissima 72 plots, Q. mongolica 150 plots, Q. serrata 97 plots, and Q. variabilis: 104 plots) were examined to determine the soil properties of A and B horizons throughout the country. The physical and chemical properties of soils were significantly different among the four different Quercus spp. stands. The sand content in both horizons was significantly higher in Q. acutissima stands than in the other three oak stands, whereas the clay content was lowest among the four stands. The soils in Q. mongolica and Q. serrata stands were more acidified than those in Q. acutissima and Q. variabilis stands. The concentrations of organic carbon and total nitrogen in both soil depths were significantly higher in Q. mongolica stands than in Q. serrata, Q. variabilis, and Q. acutissima stands. The content of available phosphorus was significantly higher in Q. mongolica and Q. serrata stands than in Q. acutissima and Q. variabilis stands; whereas the contents of exchangeable potassium, calcium, and magnesium were lower in Q. mongolica and Q. serrata stands than in Q. acutissima and Q. variabilis stands. The cation exchange capacity was highest in Q. mongolica stands, followed by that in Q. serrata, Q. variabilis, and Q. acutissima stands. These data indicate the need to design a nutrient management plan to enhance the low soil pH and exchangeable cation in Q. mongolica and Q. serrata stands.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.111 no.3
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• pp.435-449
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• 2022

Forest canopy height is an indispensable vertical structure parameter that can be used for understanding forest biomass and carbon storage as well as for managing a sustainable forest ecosystem. Plot-based field surveys, such as the national forest inventory, have been conducted to provide estimates of the forest canopy height. However, the comprehensive nationwide field monitoring of forest canopy height has been limited by its cost, lack of spatial coverage, and the inaccessibility of some forested areas. These issues can be addressed by remote sensing technology, which has gained popularity as a means to obtain detailed 2- and 3-dimensional measurements of the structure of the canopy at multiple scales. Here, we reviewed both international and domestic studies that have used remote sensing technology approaches to estimate the forest canopy height. We categorized and examined previous approaches as: 1) LiDAR approach, 2) Stereo or SAR image-based point clouds approach, and 3) combination approach of remote sensing data. We also reviewed upscaling approaches of utilizing remote sensing data to generate a continuous map of canopy height across large areas. Finally, we provided suggestions for further advancement of the Korean forest canopy height estimation system through the use of various remote sensing technologies.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.449-455
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• 2022

The Colony of Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring in Sanyang-myeon, Mungyeong-si, can be divided into five types, and in the past, it was said that Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring formed colonies throughout the colony and grew naturally, but now it remains only in some sections. It was found that the Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring colony was damaged by artificial and natural factors, and as an artificial factor, the Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring was proven to be effective for medicinal and cremation, and many people were damaging the Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring colony without permission. Naturally, vines thrive and Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring die, and the reality is that the entire colony of Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring is in danger of being damaged if maintenance is not performed. On the other hand, there are sections that reproduce with symbiosis with some herbaceous plants, so it is necessary to plan and implement conservation strategies. In order to preserve the Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring colony, CCTV is needed to prevent artificial damage, and on the contrary, install facilities such as fences can easily burn up and create worse scenery, so it can preserve the good environment, restore recoverable areas, and install supplementary buffer zones.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.4D
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• pp.545-551
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• 2008

The MOCT(Ministry of Construction & Transportation) gave a order named as "The guideline for computerization and application of geotechnical investigation result" to an affiliated organization in March 2007. Today, pilot project of construction of geotechnical information database is in process to be stable for its system after applying this guideline, and discipline how to input investigated data for related users. We have developed standard for geotechnical investigation result-format, metadata for distribution of geotechnical information and to coordinate based on world geodetic system. Also, We had a introduce to status with respect to use the input system, collect a statistics of input contents. At a result, improvement items of input system is proposed. It was analyzed that most users put to practical use easily as a result of education for making use of on the spot of the developed GIIS. But There were problems with the GIIS as well as complexity of metadata formation, such as error of moving part of information window, and a part of recognition error of install program in accordance with computer OS circumstances. Particularly, to improve some parts of GIIS is needed, because of use of or KNHC (Korea National Housing Corporation)-specific format and difference of input process followed by MOCT's guideline. In this study, it is planning to make up for occurred problems, and improvements when operating and managing the Geotechnical Information DB center in 2008.