Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.14478/ace.2022.1027

Utilization of qPCR Technology in Water Treatment  

Kim, Won Jae (Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University)
Hwang, Yunjung (Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University)
Lee, Minhye (Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University)
Chung, Minsub (Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University)
Publication Information
Applied Chemistry for Engineering / v.33, no.3, 2022 , pp. 235-241 More about this Journal
Abstract
According to the World Water Development Report 2015 released by the United Nations, drinking water is expected to decrease by 40% by 2030. This does not mean that the amount of water decreases, but rather that the water source is contaminated due to environmental pollution. Because microbes are deeply related to water quality, the analysis of microbe is very important for water quality management. While the most common method currently used for microbial analysis is microscopic examination of the shape and feature after cell culture, as the gene analysis technology advances, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) can be applied to the microscopic microbiological analysis, and the application method has been studied. Among them, a reverse transcription (RT) step enables the analysis of RNA by RT-PCR. Integrated cell culture (ICC)-qPCR shortens the test time by using it with microbial culture analysis, and viability qPCR can reduce the false positive errors of samples collected from natural water source. Multiplex qPCR for improved throughput, and microfluidic qPCR for analysis with limited amount of sample has been developed In this paper, we introduce the case, principle and development direction of the qPCR method applied to the analysis of microorganisms.
Keywords
Water treatment; Microorganism; Bacteria; Viruses; qPCR;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 World Water Assessment Programme, Wastewater: the untapped resource, The United Nations World Water Development Report, 12-18, UNESCO, Paris, France (2017).
2 B. Jeon, J. Han, S.-K. Kim, J.-H. Ahn, H.-C. Oh, and H.-D. Park, An overview of problems cyanotoxins produced by cyanobacteria and the solutions thereby, J. Korean Soc. Environ. Eng., 37, 657-667 (2015).   DOI
3 J. Nestorov, G. Matic, I. Elakovic, and N. Tanic, Gene expression studies: How to obtain accurate and reliable data by quantitative real-time RT PCR, J. Med. Biochem., 32, 325-338 (2013).   DOI
4 H. Jung, B. Yim, S. Lim, B. Kim, B. Yoon, and O. Lee, Development of mcyB-specific ultra-rapid real-time PCR for quantitative detection of Microcystis aeruginosa, J. Korean Soc. Water Environ., 34, 46-56 (2018).   DOI
5 Z. Zhou, J. Chen, H. Cao, P. Han, and J. D. Gu, Analysis of methane-producing and metabolizing archaeal and bacterial communities in sediments of the northern South China Sea and coastal Mai Po Nature Reserve revealed by PCR amplification of mcrA and pmoA genes, Frontiers in microbiology, 5, 789 (2015).   DOI
6 M. Tajadini, M. Panjehpour, and S. H. Javanmard, Comparison of SYBR Green and TaqMan methods in quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of four adenosine receptor subtypes, Adv. Biomed. Res., 3, 85 (2014).   DOI
7 Y. Cao, M. Yu, G. Dong, B. Chen, and B. Zhang, Digital PCR as an Emerging Tool for Monitoring of Microbial Biodegradation, Molecules, 25, 706 (2020).   DOI
8 J. Kim, J. Lim, and C. Lee, Quantitative real-time PCR approaches for microbial community studies in wastewater treatment systems: applications and considerations, Biotechnol. Adv., 31, 1358-1373 (2013).   DOI
9 S. L. Crane, J. Van Dorst, G. C. Hose, C. K. King, and B. C. Ferrari, Microfluidic qPCR enables high throughput quantification of microbial functional genes but requires strict curation of primers, Front. Environ. Sci., 6, 145 (2018).   DOI
10 World Water Assessment Programme, Water for a sustainable world, The United Nations World Water Development Report, 20-34, UNESCO, Paris, France (2015).
11 A. Moter and U. B. Gobel, Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for direct visualization of microorganisms, J. Microbiol. Methods, 41, 85-112 (2000).   DOI
12 N. Ramalingam, Z. Rui, H. B. Liu, C. C. Dai, R. Kaushik, B. Ratnaharika, and H. Q. Gong, Real-time PCR-based microfluidic array chip for simultaneous detection of multiple waterborne pathogens, Sensors Actuators B Chem., 145, 543-552 (2010).   DOI
13 S. Ishii, G. Kitamura, T. Segawa, A. Kobayashi, T. Miura, D. Sano, and S. Okabe, Microfluidic quantitative PCR for simultaneous quantification of multiple viruses in environmental water samples, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 80, 7505-7511 (2014).   DOI
14 C. A. Heid, J. Stevens, K. J. Livak, and P. M. Williams, Real time quantitative PCR, Genome Res., 6, 986-994 (1996).   DOI
15 V. Kapoor, T. Pitkanen, H. Ryu, M. Elk, D. Wendell, and J. W. Santo Domingo, Distribution of human-specific bacteroidales and fecal indicator bacteria in an urban watershed impacted by sewage pollution, determined using RNA-and DNA-based quantitative PCR assays, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 81, 91-99 (2015).   DOI
16 P. B. Gedalanga and B. H. Olson, Development of a quantitative PCR method to differentiate between viable and nonviable bacteria in environmental water samples, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 82, 587-596 (2009).   DOI
17 J. D. Oliver and R. Bockian, In vivo resuscitation, and virulence towards mice, of viable but nonculturable cells of Vibrio vulnificus, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 61, 2620-2623 (1995).   DOI
18 L. Vondrakova, H. Turonova, V. Scholtz, J. Pazlarova, and K. Demnerova, Impact of various killing methods on EMA/PMA-qPCR efficacy, Food Control, 85, 23-28 (2018).   DOI
19 Biotium, Viability PCR PMAxx and PMA Viablity PCR Dyes, accessed April 25, 2022 Retrieved from https://biotium.com/technology/pma-for-viability-pcr.
20 A. Nocker, K. E. Sossa, and A. K. Camper, Molecular monitoring of disinfection efficacy using propidium monoazide in combination with quantitative PCR, J. Microbiol. Methods, 70, 252-260 (2007).   DOI
21 W. Ahmed, S. Payyappat, M. Cassidy, and C. Besley, A duplex PCR assay for the simultaneous quantification of Bacteroides HF183 and crAssphage CPQ_056 marker genes in untreated sewage and stormwater, Environ. Int., 126, 252-259 (2019).   DOI
22 D. Li, A. Z. Gu, W. Yang, M. He, X. Hu, and H.-C. Shi, An integrated cell culture and reverse transcription quantitative PCR assay for detection of infectious rotaviruses in environmental waters, J. Microbiol. Methods, 82, 59-63 (2010).   DOI
23 M. A. Borchardt, A. B. Boehm, M. Salit, S. K. Spencer, K. R. Wigginton, and R. T. Noble, The environmental microbiology minimum information (EMMI) guidelines: qPCR and dPCR quality and reporting for environmental microbiology, Environ. Sci. Technol., 55, 10210-10223 (2021).   DOI
24 T. Narihiro and Y. Sekiguchi, Oligonucleotide primers, probes and molecular methods for the environmental monitoring of methanogenic archaea, Microbial Biotechnology, 4, 585-602 (2011).   DOI
25 L. Ogorzaly, H.-M. Cauchie, C. Penny, A. Perrin, C. Gantzer, and I. Bertrand, Two-day detection of infectious enteric and non-enteric adenoviruses by improved ICC-qPCR, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 97, 4159-4166 (2013).   DOI