• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.174-180
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• 2014

Experimental study of liquid nitrogen pool spread is carried out when it is continuously released. The liquid nitrogen spreads over a cement mortar plate with continuous release. Evaporation rate per unit area of the liquid nitrogen is measured using a digital balance, and a spreading distance of the liquid pool is measured by thermocouples. It is discovered that the evaporation rate per unit area of liquid nitrogen tends to decrease as the liquid pool spreads.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.183-185
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• 1999

가우시안 모델의 부정확성의 중요한 요인중의 하나는 수평확산폭($\sigma$$_{y}$)과 연직확산폭($\sigma$$_{z}$)이다. (이와김,1992) 가우시안 모델에서 사용되는 확산폭 산출방법인 Pasquill-Gifford Scheme은 미국 Nebraska 주 O'neill 부근 풀로 덮힌 평탄한 지형에서 확산 실험을 수행한 Prairie grass project의 결과로 연기의 확산폭은 각 안정도 계급(A-F)별로 거리의 함수로 나타낸 식을 이용하고 있다.(중략)략)

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.466-472
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• 2018

The investigation of cryogenic liquid pool spreading is an essential procedure to assess the hazard of cryogenic liquid usage. In this experimental study, to measure the evaporation velocity when the pool is spreading, liquid nitrogen was continuously released onto unconfined concrete ground. Almost all of the reported results are based on a non-spreading pool in which cryogenic liquid is instantaneously poured onto bounded ground for a very short period of time. A simultaneous measurement of the pool location using thermocouples and of the pool mass using a digital balance was carried out to measure the evaporation velocity and the pool radius. A greater release flow rate was found to result in a greater average evaporation velocity, and the evaporation velocity decreased with the spreading time and the pool radius.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.287-291
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• 2011

We solve the simple physical model for liquid pool spreading with vaporization semi-analytically for the first time, using perturbation techniques. The results are compared with those obtained using numerical methods. We use the evaporation rate per unit area as a perturbation parameter, and first-order solutions are obtained for continuous and instantaneous release. The two solutions are nearly identical with respect to the pool radius. The pool volumes are nearly the same at the early stage of the spread and then start to diverge.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.19 no.3 s.59
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• pp.58-63
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• 2005

Experimental measurements of flames and the product properties were performed for small kerosene pool fires. which is widely used as a fire source of laboratory scale experiments with scaling modeling. The flame length and flickering frequency were investigated for the flame structures, and compared with the theory. Three measurement methods were introduced to clarify the smoke characteristics, i.e. various gas concentrations, smoke density and thermophoretic sampling with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The yield of carbon dioxide and the consumption of oxygen were proportional to the heat release rate of pool fires, but there is no trend on carbon monoxide emission. Smoke density of turbulent flames was exponentially increased with the heat release rate. The morphology of the soot particle was investigated to address the degree of soot maturing. The results show that the similar smoke morphology between an inverse jet flame and a pool fire exists despite of different combustion controlling mechanisms.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.36 no.9
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• pp.907-913
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• 2012

High-order perturbation solutions have been obtained for the simple physical model describing the liquid pool spreading with a continuous spill, and these are shown to improve over first-order perturbation solutions. The non-dimensional governing equations for the model are derived to obtain more general solutions. Non-dimensional parameters are sought as the governing parameters for the non-dimensional equations, and the non-dimensional evaporation rate is used as the perturbation parameter. The results show that the high-order solutions exhibit an improvement over the first-order solutions with respect to the pool volume as well as the spreading radius. In addition, as the order of the perturbation solutions increases, the difference between the numerical solutions and the perturbation solutions is significantly reduced. Finally, it is revealed that the third-order solutions are reasonable because they almost agree with the numerical solutions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.38-45
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• 2018

Jet fire, pool fire, and vapor cloud explosion are major accident scenarios in LPG filling station. The protection wall would mitigate radiation effect in a jet fire. In case of a pool fire, the protection wall would restrict expanding the pool area. The protection wall might both obstruct the dispersion of released vapor and protect blast overpressure in a vapor cloud explosion scenario. In this paper, An availability assessment method of the protection wall how much reduce damage to receptors is proposed. Additionally application cases are presented for the effectiveness of protection wall in the LPG filling station. The study shows that the protection wall can effectively reduce the death probabilities of receptors located behind the wall in cases of the jet fires and the vapor cloud explosions.

• Computational Structural Engineering
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.5-10
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• 1996

본 고에서는 paragon에서 DYNA3D 결과의 검증과 효율성을 점검하였는데, 적절한 CPU 개수를 선택하여 계산할 때는 Cray에 비하여 더욱 빠른 시간 내에 해석결과를 얻을 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 본 고에서 언급되지는 않았지만 Cray에서는 풀 수 없는 아주 큰 memory를 요구하는 문제도 paragon의 DYNA3D를 이용하면 급속히 확산될 추세이며 이에 따라 기존의 응용 소프트웨어의 병렬화는 필연적인 결과라고 생각된다. 따라서 병렬컴퓨터 및 병렬 프로그래밍에 대한 이해를 통하여 미래의 시뮬레이션 분야에서 앞서갈 수 있는 능력을 갖추는 노력이 절실히 요구된다.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 2002

An exotic Chrysomelid species, Ophraella communa Lesage, which is originally distributed in North America and recently discovered in Korea, is reviewed with its morphological characteristics from egg to adult, brief biological notes, local distribution, and dispersal prospect in Korea.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.659-665
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• 2015

In this study, an experimental investigation is performed for evaluation of a liquid pool spreading model with continuous release. The model considered in this study was developed based on a concept which means that the liquid pool spreading is governed by a balance between an inertia force from gravity and a frictional force from friction with the ground under the whole base of the liquid pool. For evaluation of the model, experimental study is performed. Experimental apparatus is setup for measuring release rate, spreading velocity, and evaporation rate from a liquid pool. The experimental results are compared with results from the model. By applying release and evaporation rates obtained from experiments to solving the model, liquid pool radius variation according to time can be obtained. For evaluation of an effect of friction force in the spreading model, results obtained from the models with and without the friction force are compared with those obtained from the experiments. As a result, it is shown that there exists a large deviation between the results obtained from the model without the friction force and the experimental results. On the other hand, the tendency of liquid pool radius variation according to time is similar between the results obtained from the model without the friction force and the experimental results.