• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.301-310
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• 1988

Reaction rates for mononuclear heterocyclic rearrangement of N-(5-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)-N'-arylformamidines into 3-acylamino-1-aryl-1,2,4-triazoles were determined spectrophotometrically in dioxane/water (50 : 50, v/v). There are two different reaction paths according to pH. One is pH-independent path, the other is pH-dependent one. In pH-independent path, the result of substituent effect by IYT equation show that N-H bond breaking as well as new N-N bond formation controls the reaction rate. In pH-dependent path, concave-upward Hammett plot was observed. It can be concluded that new N-N bond formation is more advanced than N-H bond breaking in transition state for electron-donating substituents, but N-H bond breaking is more advanced than new N-N bond formation for electron-withdrawing substituents.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.264-272
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• 1996

Cluster models of the Υ-Al2O3(111) and the Pt(111) surfaces have been used in an atom superposition and electron delocalization molecular orbital study of interfacial bond strengths between them. The reduced extents for Al3+ are due to the ratio of oxygen to aluminum atoms. The greater the reduced extent for Al3+ is, the stronger the binding energy is to Pt atoms in a cluster. The oxygen-covered surfaces of Υ-Al2O3(111) are shown to bind more weakly to Pt atoms, while the binding to the oxygen-covered surface formed under oxidizing conditions of Pt atoms is strong. The interfacial bond of platinum-alumina may be possible by a charge-transfer mechanism from the platinum surface to the partially empty O-2p band and Al3+ dangling surface orbital.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.125-127
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• 1998

• Optical Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.28-34
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• 2012

• Proceedings of the Korea Crystallographic Association Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.16-16
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• 2001

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.43 no.2 s.344
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• pp.13-17
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• 2006

Pentacene channel for organic thin film transistor was deposited on the SiOC film by thermal evaporation. The growth of pentacene is related with the Diels-Alder reaction and the nucleophilic reaction by the thermal induction. The surface is an important factor to control the recursive Diels-Alder reaction for growing of pentacene on SiOC far The terminal C=C double bond of pentacene molecule was broken easily as a result of attack of the nucleophilic reagents on the surface of SiOC film. The nucleophilic reaction can be accelerated by increasing temperature on surface, and it maks pentacene to grow hardly on the SiOC film with a flow rate ratio of $O_2/(BTMSM+O_2)=0.5$ due to its inorganic property. The nucleophlic reaction mechanism is $SN_2(bimolecular nucleophilic substitution)$ type.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.91-97
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• 1996

The extent of binding($K_B$) between chemical compound and humic acid was measured as an indicator of decrease in toxicity. From the experimental $K_B$ and estimated $K_B$ calculated from $K_{ow}$, no reduction of toxicity among test chemicals in aquatic systems were predicted except P,P'-DDT. The effect of humic acid on aquatic organisms is not expected to be significant for the compounds with $K_B{\leq}10^5$ or $K_{ow}{\leq}10^6$.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.67-80
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• 2020

Zinc (Zn) is known as an essential micronutrient for phytoplankton in the ocean. In surface waters, most of total dissolved Zn presents as organic complexes, and organic complexation dominates the speciation of Zn in seawater. Organic complexation reduces the bioavailable fraction of Zn, the free metal ion (Zn²⁺), which present less than 5% in surface waters. In this paper, a brief introduction on chemical speciation of dissolved Zn in seawater and analytical method for chemical speciation measurement is provided. Some representative studies were also introduced to describe the importance of chemical speciation of Zn (or other trace metals) on bioavailability and biogeochemistry in the ocean.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.385-391
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• 2011

The time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) method has been carried out to investigate the excitedstate hydrogen-bonding dynamics of phenol-$(H_2O)_2$ complex. The geometric structures and infrared (IR) spectra in ground state and different electronically excited states ($S_1$ and $T_1$) of the hydrogen-bonded complex have been calculated using the density functional theory (DFT) and TDDFT method. A ring of three hydrogen bonds is formed between phenol and two water molecules. We have demonstrated that the intermolecular hydrogen bond $O_1-H_2{\cdots}O_3-H$ of the three hydrogen bonds is strengthened in $S_1$ and $T_1$ states. In contrast, the hydrogen bond $O_5-H_6{\cdots}O_1-H$ is weakened in $S_1$ and $T_1$ states. These results are obtained by theoretically monitoring the changes of the bond lengths of the hydrogen bonds and hydrogen-bonding groups in different electronic states. The hydrogen bond $O_1-H_2{\cdots}O_3-H$ strengthening in both the $S_1$ and $T_1$ states is confirmed by the calculated stretching vibrational mode of O-H (phenol) being red-shifted upon photoexcitation. The hydrogen bond strengthening and weakening behavior in electronically excited states may exist in other ring structures of phenol-$(H_2O)_n$.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.81-87
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• 2024

Nanomaterial electrodes are used to improve the analytical performances of electrochemical measurements in biological and chemical field. Frequently used methods for fabricating metal nanostructures are solution processing and electrodeposition. In the solution process, it is possible to control the characteristics (e.g., direction) of metal growth by using capping agents, thereby fabricating nanoparticles of specific structures. In the electrodeposition, the electrode surface and the deposited metal atoms are in direct contact. Each process has its own limitation as well, and many studies are conducted to overcome such limitation. In this paper, we report an integration of the two fabrication methods and the characteristics, such as structural and electrochemical properties, of the fabricated electrodes. Lastly, we discuss the possibility of using the fabricated nanostructured electrode as a sensor.