• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.266-266
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• 2019

Marine accidents are increasing year by year, and various accidents occur such as engine failure, collision, stranding, and fire. These marine accidents present a risk of large casualties. It is important to prevent accidents beforehand. In this study, we propose a modeling to predict the occurrence of marine accidents by applying the Markov Chain Process that can predict the future based on past data. Applying the proposed modeling, the probability of future marine accidents was calculated and compared with the actual frequency. Through this, a probabilistic model was proposed to prepare a prediction system for marine accidents, and it is expected to contribute to predicting various marine accidents.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.89-95
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• 2023

The underground utility tunnel is an urban infrastructure that accommodates and manages important facilities such as water and sewage, electricity, and communication in the city, and is a national facility that needs to be protected from disasters such as fire, earthquake, and flooding. In establishing a disaster safety life cycle management system such as prediction, prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery, a disaster safety management platform for underground utility tunnel is being developed by utilizing digital twin technology in which advanced ICT technology and data are converged. In this paper, the maturity model for the disaster safety digital twin was reviewed, and the datasets necessary for implementing the digital twin at each stage were defined.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.27-35
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• 2022

When LPG leaks from the storage tank, the gas try to sink to the ground because LPG is heavier than air. The gas easily creates vapor clouds causing aggressive accidents in no airflow. Therefore, It is important to prevent in advance by analyzing the damaged range caused from LPG leakage and vapor clouds. So, this study analyzed the range of damaged by LPG leakage and vapor clouds with consideration of the cold air flow which is generated by the topographical characteristics and the land use status at night time in the Jeju Hagari. As a result of the cold air flow using KLAM_21, about 2 m/s of cold air was introduced in from the southeast due to the influence of the terrain. The range of damaged by LPG leakage and vapor cloud was analyzed using ALOHA. When the leak hole size is 10 cm at the wind speed of 2 m/s, the range corresponding to LEL 60 % (12,600 ppm) was 61 m which range is expected to influence in nearby residential areas. These results of this study can be used as basic data to prepare preventive measures of accidents caused by vapor cloud. Forward, it is necessary to apply CFD modeling such as FLACS to check the vapor cloud formation due to LPG leakage in a relatively narrow area and to check the cause analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2023

Recently, in the semiconductor process, large companies are seeking process changes from memory semiconductors to the foundry due to the increase in demand due to the 4th industry. industry is expanding. The characteristics of special gases and precursors, which are raw materials used to produce these semiconductor chips, are toxic, pyrophoric, inflammable, and corrosive. These semiconductor raw materials are operated in a closed system and do not leak to the outside during normal times, but when leaked, they spread to the inside of the gas box, and when proper ventilation is not provided inside the gas box, they spread to the outside, causing fires, explosions, or toxic substances. It can lead to major accidents such as leakage. Recently, there have been cases of accidents in which hazardous materials leaked from the closed system of the semi conductor process and spread to the inside and outside of the gas box. . In this study, we propose preventive measures based on the case of an accident in which raw material leaked from the VCR fitting, which is the connection part of the semiconductor raw material transfer pipe, and spread to the outside of the gas box.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.125-137
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• 2021

The number of CCTV installed in Korea is over 1.3 million, increasing by more than 15% annually. However, due to the limited budget compared to the installation demand, the infrastructure is composed of 500,000 pixel low-quality CCTV, and there is a limits on identification of objects in the video. Public CCTV has high utility in various fields such as crime prevention, traffic information collection (control), facility management, and fire prevention. Especially, since installed in high height, it works as its role in solving diverse crime and is in increasing trend. However, the current public CCTV field is operated with potential problems such as inability to identify due to environmental factors such as fog, snow, and rain, and the low-quality of collected images due to the installation of low-quality CCTV. Therefore, in this study, in order to remove the typical low-quality elements of public CCTV, the method of attenuating scattered light in the image caused by dust, water droplets, fog, etc and algorithm application method which uses deep-learning algorithm to improve input video into videos over quality over 4K are suggested.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.474-478
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• 2018

For process safety, fire and explosion characteristics of combustible materials handled at industrial fields must be available. The combustion properties for the prevention of the accidents in the work place are flash point, fire point, explosion limit, and autoignition temperature (AIT) etc.. However, the combustion properties suggested in the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) are presented differently according to the literatures. The accurate combustion properties are necessary to safely treatment, transportation and handling of flammable substances. In the chemical industries, n-ethylaniline which is widely used as a raw material of intermediate products and rubber chemicals was selected. For safe handling of n-ethyl aniline, the flash point, the fire point and the AIT were measured. The lower explosion limit (LEL)of n-ethylaniline was calculated using the lower flash point obtained in the experiment. The flash points of n- ethylaniline by using the Setaflash and Pensky-Martens closed-cup testers measured $77^{\circ}C$ and $82^{\circ}C$, respectively. The flash points of n-ethylaniline using the Tag and Cleveland open cup testers are measured $85^{\circ}C$ and $92^{\circ}C$, respectively. The AIT of the measured n-ethyl aniline by the ASTM E659 apparatus was measured at $396^{\circ}C$. The LEL of n-ethylaniline measured by Setaflash closed-cup tester at $77^{\circ}C$ was calculated to be 1.02 vol%. In this study, it was possible to predict the LEL by using the lower flash point of n-ethylaniline measured by closed-cup tester. The relationship between the ignition temperature and the ignition delay time of the n-ethylaniline proposed in this study makes it possible to predict the ignition delay time at different ignition temperatures.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.81-88
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• 2014

This study identified the complaint ratio of musculoskeletal symptom by 119 EMTs and investigated the work risk extent through ergonomics evaluation about the patient transport works, which cause work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) to 119 EMTs. For this, the complaint ratio of musculoskeletal symptom utilized questionnaire tool based on KOSHA Code H-30-2008 and the risk extent about the patient transport work evaluated by using ergonomics evaluation tools such as OWAS, RULA and REBA. According to the study result, 60.9% of 119 EMTs experienced musculoskeletal symptom. Among them, the symptom on back was the most common (36.1%). The work, which mostly causes WMSDs, has been found as patient transport work (48.4%). Among the patient transport motion, loading/unloading of ambulance cot to/from ambulance and the lifting of patient by stretcher were OWAS risk-level 3 and RULA/REBA risk-level 3 to 4. Among the patient transport environment, carrying patient on stairway using emergency mini-stretcher, moving patient in vehicle using spine board and piggy-back carrying or cradle carrying patient on stairway or slope way were OWAS, RULA, REBA risk level 3 to 4. It is suggested that immediate improvement in work postures for these works should contribute to prevention against WMSDs to 119 EMTs.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.356-361
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• 2020

Propylene is widely used in petrochemical manufacturing at over 200 ℃. However, since propylene is a flammable gas with fire and explosion risks, inert nitrogen is injected to prevent them. In this study, experiments were conducted using propylene-nitrogen-oxygen upon pressure changes at 200 ℃. At 21% oxygen, as pressure increased from 0.10 MPa to 0.25 MPa, lower explosion limit (LEL) decreased from 2.2% to 1.9% while upper explosion limit (UEL) increased from 14.8% to 17.6%. In addition, minimum oxygen concentration (MOC) decreased from 10.3% to 10.0%, indicating higher risks with the expanded explosive range as pressure increased. With increase of pressure from 0.10 MPa to 0.25 MPa, explosion pressure increased from 1.84 MPa to 6.04 MPa, and the rate of rise of maximum explosion pressure increased drastically from 90 MPa/s to 298 MPa/s. It is hoped that these results can be used as basic data to prevent accidents in factories using propylene.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.572-582
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• 2014

Fire-stations' works limited to the existing fire protection rescue and emergency services in rapidly changing disaster environment are not difficult to deal with the fire service demand of the people any longer. In this study, after calculating the importance of the disaster management about fire-stations' works by disaster management steps thorough a survey of experts about Fire and Disaster, firefighting tasks are to be redesigned. Experts have the higher rating in preparation step of firefighting tasks. Because securing resources and building systems in preparation step and safety training in prevention step have a high importance, it is required to improve efficiency of firefighting tasks through redesign. The most important point in redesign is to realize fire-stations' works are to expand and to develop such a policy if fire-offices excavate the civil and government cooperation works and provide such legal and institutional basis of establishment and operation. And it should be sought to maintain international cooperation for international disaster response. Ultimately, fire-offices will have further expansion in quality and simultaneously quantitatively by excavating 'collaboration (business cooperation)' or enhancing existing works in addition to existing 'fire and rescue, first aid' business.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.67-72
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• 2009

For the fire-fighting industry to advance, it is necessary to conduct research on which parts of the fire-fighting law should be changed from the system level, and to study the opinions of the fire-fighters whoa re working in the fire-fighting industry today, and to identify what needs to be changed. Moreover, it is necessary to become aware on the preventive measures to take to avoid fire so that the citizens can lead stable life. Design business among the fire-fighting facility business, it is the fire-fighting facility business that serves as the most basic when constructing building structure. This is an important legal matter that follows the fire-fighting business, fire-fighting audit business and even the maintenance and management business. This research sought to help the fire-fighting industry to contribute to the life of the general public and to increase welfare by identifying the problems pertaining to the fire-fighting facility design business among the fire-fighting industry so that the industry can become the fire-fighting industry that the citizens are interested in. Moreover, direction for advancement is proposed. As for the improvement measures for the fire-fighting policy pertaining to the fire-fighting facility design business, it is divided into the machinery and electricity fields in terms of the legal system pertaining to the general fire-fighting facility design business. Likewise, specialty in design is deficient. Thus, it should be integrated in a systematic level to contribute to the safety of the general public.