• Title/Summary/Keyword: 화재탈출

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A Study on the Safety Evacuation of Onboard Fire (선박화재시 피난 안전성 연구)

  • Kim, Won-Ouk;Kim, Chang-Jae;Chae, Yang-Bum
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • 2010.04a
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    • pp.59-60
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    • 2010
  • Unlike cases of fire on land where experienced fireman and various fire fighting equipment are present, onboard fires need to be independently extinguished, making it a complex process. The primal objective of getting quick control of a fire is to prevent casualties which generally occur from inhalation of toxic fumes rather than the fire itself. However, if for some inevitable reason the fire cannot be contained, everyone in that particular area must evacuate to avoid any possible casualties. In this research, through a simulation of the CFD, we will observe the soot density concentration which affects evacuation within an onboard fire in relation to the possible evacuation time to conclude a time zone for a safe exit.

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A Study on the Development of Intelligent Guiding Exit Sign System (지능형 피난유도 시스템 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Yoo-Shik;Sug, Dong-Sub
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.20 no.4 s.64
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    • pp.131-134
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    • 2006
  • As modern buildings grow to become diversified, toxic gases and smoke coupled with characteristics of space during a fire increase the risk of large-scaled disaster. It is now urgent to take measures for evacuation and escape directly linked to personal damage. Existing fixed one-way emergency exit light is not enough for efficient evacuation and rescue. Therefore, to ensure quicker escape and evacuation during a fire, two-way radio data system should be devised, which linked with fire detector, helps people in danger to escape quickly and is able to control by a central control system, and the system was found to enhance the efficiency of escape and contribute to safer escape.

u-Disaster Prevention System based Real-Time Fire Monitoring in a Building Facility (u-방재시스템 기반의 시설물 실시간 화재 모니터링)

  • Moon, Sung-Woo;Seong, Hyun-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.107-114
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    • 2011
  • The building infrastructures such as high-rise buildings, shopping malls, exhibition centers, etc. are becoming larger in magnitude and more complex in complexity. Considering a large number of tenants and visitors are staying in these facilities, it is upper most important to keep those in safe from fire outbreak. In this paper, a u-Disaster Prevention System has been presented to provide effective fire evacuation when fire breaks out in building infrastructures. The ubiquitous sensor network (USN) technology was applied to detect heat and smoke from fire outbreak. The information then is transmitted wirelessly to a host computer. The tenants and visitors residing in the facility can evacuate following the instruction that is displayed in LED sign boards of the u-Disaster Prevention System. A case study shows that the ubiquitous environment can help people evacuate faster in time, shorter in distance with the assistance of the u-Disaster Prevention System.

Evacuation Simulation to Assess Human Safety of Social Welfare Facility (사회복지시설의 인명안전도 평가를 위한 탈출 시뮬레이션)

  • Kim, Hyun-Seok;Kim, Kook-Hyun;Kim, Nam-Sook
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.138-143
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    • 2011
  • Growing attention of a society to protecting weak people leads an increase of various social welfare facilities. Therefore, safety of the occupants at emergency situations, such as fire, must be considered as an important factor during the design and operation of those facilities. In this paper an exploratory study is carried out on a method quantitatively assessing the human evacuation safety of social welfare facilities. A evacuation simulation method, being routinely used in the evacuation analysis of passenger ships deriving 'Evacuability' as a quantity of safety, is applied to assess the human safety of a facility for single-moms. Based on the simulation results, the main factors that must be considered while carrying out the evacuation simulation for the human safety assessment of the facility are investigated.

A collaborative Serious Game for fire disaster evacuation drill in Metaverse (재난 탈출 협동 훈련 기능성 게임의 메타버스 플랫폼 구현)

  • Lee, Sangho;Ha, Gyutae;Kim, Hongseok;Kim, Shiho
    • Journal of Platform Technology
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.70-77
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of Serious games in immersive Metaverse platform to provide users both fun and intriguing learning experiences. We proposes a serious game for self-trainable fire evacuation drill with collaboration among avatars synchronized with multiple trainees and optionally with real-time supervising placed at different remote physical locations. The proposed system architecture is composed of wearable motion sensors and a Head Mounted Display to synchronize each user's intended motions to her/his avatar activities in a cyberspace in Metaverse environment. The proposed system provides immersive as well as inexpensive environments for easy-to-use user interface for cyber experience-based fire evacuation training system. The proposed configuration of the user-avatar interface, the collaborative learning environment, and the evaluation system on the VR serious game are expected to be applied to other serious games. The game was implemented only for the predefined fire scenario for buildings, but the platform can extend its configuration for various disaster situations that may happen to the public.

A study on the efficiency advancement for evacuation of the crews by ship structural improvement (선박 구조 개선을 통한 승무원의 피난 효율 향상을 위한 연구)

  • Kim, Wonouk;Lee, Myoungho;Kim, Jongsu
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.38 no.3
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    • pp.342-348
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    • 2014
  • Onshore great fires can normally be extinguished by firefighters using special firefighting equipment and its suitable method. However, offshore fires on the ships are to be extinguished by the crew without any supports from the onshore. Also, crews working on board are exposed to high risk of emergency evacuation due to the complicated structure arrangement of the ships and different accident types such as fire and ship collisions. As most of damage and loss of life in fire are associated with suffocation, shortening of evacuation time is an important factor to improve a survival rate. In this study, visibility in the accommodation area is analyzed by using the temperature and smoke flow which are obtained by the Fire Dynamic Simulator(FDS) as a Three-Dimensional Fire Analysis program to understand the survival rate of the crew upon the fire. The fire doors for most of ships are designed to close automatically when the fire alarm is activated. These automatic closing of the fire doors is a very effective system to delay the spread of flame and smoke flow for the unmanned spaces of the fire protected area. However, if the crew cannot escape within the estimated time, the crew inside the fire protected area will be damaged a lot. In this paper, the comparative analysis between the evacuations by using the fire door from the fire protected area and the suggested fire shielding structure in this study is carried out by the smoke flow rate and the temperature rise rate.

The development of the escape light control system (유도등 제어시스템의 개발)

  • Kim, Dong-Ook;Mun, Hyun-Wook;Lee, Ki-Yeon;Kim, Dong-Woo;Gil, Hyung-Jun;Kim, Hyang-Kon;Chung, Young-Sik
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.52-58
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    • 2009
  • When a fire breaks out, it is frequent that large sized miserable death is happened by seriousness of poisonous gas and peculiarity of space because the building construction is recently more complex and diverse. So early countermeasure in preparation for evacuation escape linked directly with a loss of lives is pressing. Because escape light that mark fixing one-way of existing way is not efficiently extricated refugees from dangers when a fire breaks out, construction of system that can extricate refugees from dangers and suppress early a fire by grasping correctly fire point is required urgently. When a fire breaks out, all escape lights connected with fire sensor and reception group which have ill aiming in these point will lead people to safe emergency entrance of opposite direction of place that a fire is broken out after being calculated the direction and speed of flame and smoke. There is the purpose of my research in development of artificial intelligent directional escape light that can mark direction to most suitable pull-out and assist in early extinguishing a fire.

Evaluation on th e Wear Fit and Activity of Emergency Escape Breathing Devices for Ship Accidents (선박사고용 호흡구난장비의 착용성 및 활동성 평가 연구)

  • Noh, Jae-Hyeon;Park, Yong-Hwan
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.79-84
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    • 2019
  • The use of emergency escape breathing devices (EEBD) is strongly required to protect against toxic gas or flooding caused by ship fires or accidents. Recently developed domestic EEBD products only satisfy the basic performance requirements, but no wear fit and activity performance evaluation has been done for real usage. In this study, the global level test requirements for wear comfort and activity of EEBDs were developed and the open and closed type of domestic EEBD products were evaluated. Poor visibility, longer wear time, breathing resistance, and hose obstruction in an open type and canister obstruction, weight unbalance, and an invisible black breathing bag in the closed type EEBD were estimated to be the main problems that need to be improved.

A Study on the Crew's Survival ratio according to ship's structure (선박구조가 승무원 생존율에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구)

  • Kim, Won-Ouk
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.423-427
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    • 2010
  • Land fire receives additional extinguishing methods easily by professional extinguisher. But because of isolation and independence from land when sailing on the sea, ships are difficult to get special help from land. Generally, the death ratio by suffocation is higher than the death rate by flame and to reduce suffocation death ratio, fast evacuation is required. This paper aims to improve survival ratio at ship fires by soot density reduction. This study examines soot density and visibility using FDS. And also examines evacuation time by Pathfinder. The FDS(Fire Dynamic Simulator) is a 3 zone model(Field Model) analysis tool and the patherfinder is a useful analysis tool for evacuation. This research examined about evacuation time using the current regulations of the ship's corridor width and exit width first. And then studied evacuation time again when ship's structure was changed according to the method that is proposed in this paper. And finally compared the results each other.