• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 2024

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular targets and pathways of anti-inflammatory effects of Jakyakgamchotang with corydalis tuber (JC) using network pharmacology. Methods : The compounds in constituent herbal medicines of JC were searched in TCM systems pharmacology (TCMSP). Target gene informations of the components were collected using chemical-target interactions database provided by Pubchem. Afterwards, network analysis between compounds and inflammation-related target genes was performed using cytoscape. Go enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were performed on inflammation-related targets using DAVID database. Results : 70 active compounds related to inflammation were identified, and 295 target genes related to the anti-inflammatory activity of the compound of JC were identified. In the Go biological process DB and KEGG pathway DB, "inflammatory response", "cellular response to lipopolysaccharide", "positive regulation of interleukin-6 production", and "positive regulation of protein kinase B. signaling", "positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade", "positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling", "negative regulation of apoptotic process", and "PI3K-Akt signaling pathway" were found to be mechanisms related to the anti-inflammatory effects related to the target genes of JC. The main compounds predicted to be involved in the anti-inflammatory effect of JC were quercetin, licochalcone B, (+)-catechin, kaempferol, and emodin. Conclusions : This study provides the molecular targets and potential pathways of JC on inflammation. It can be used as a basic data for using JC for various inflammatory disease in traditional korean medicine clinic.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.187-192
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• 2017

The consumption of herbal medicines has been increasing with growing interest in health. However, due to recent climate change and the complex distribution process of herbal medicines with high import dependence the likelihood of contamination with mycotoxin has been increased. Mycotoxins are emerging as key indicators for ensuring safety of herbal medicines. A total of 498 herbal medicine samples were screened for mycotoxin contamination in this study. Aflatoxin in the herbal medicine samples was extracted by using immunoaffinity column, then the extracted aflatoxin was quantified via high performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) method. The extraction method was verified by linearity, recovery, LOD and LOQ. Aflatoxins were detected in 39/498 samples in an average of $7.670{\mu}g/kg$ ($0.610-77.452{\mu}g/kg$ range). Although safety standards for Corydalis Tuber is not currently available in korea, five of the 39 samples had high concentration of aflatoxins (average of $14.9{\pm}4.1{\mu}g/kg$). In conclusion, it is urgent to establish safety criteria of aflatoxin in Corydalis Tuber. The results of the current study suggest that continuous monitoring is necessary for proactive management of herbal medicine safety.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.314-322
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• 2009

Vegetation, environmental characteristics and soil analysis of Megaleranthis saniculifolia Ohwi habitats were investigated to propose the basal data for conservation and restoration. M. saniculifolia was distributed around an altitude of 770~1,440 m with an inclination of $0{\sim}20^{\circ}$, and mostly formed discontinuous populations in northern part of valley. The vascular plants from 78 quadrates of 11 habitats were identified 111 taxa. Importance value of M. saniculifolia was 27.05%, and highly ranked 5 species such as Veratrum oxysepalum (5.67%), Corydalis turtschaninovii (5.32%), Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus (4.35%), Meehania urticifolia (4.06%) and Anemone koraiensis (3.91%) were considered to be an affinity with M. saniculifolia. Dominant species of woody plants in 78 quadrates were represented as Cornus controversa, Juglans mandshurica, Quercus mongolica, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum and A. mono in tree (B1) layer, A. pseudo-sieboldianum and Carpinus cordata in subtree (B2) layer, Deutzia glabrata and Prunus padus in shrub (S) layer. Average species diversity was 1.16, and dominance and evenness were found to be 0.12 and 0.81, respectively. Average field capacity was 26.41%, and the organic matter and soil pH were 7.83% and 5.83. Correlation coefficients based on environmental factors, vegetation and soil analysis were showed that the positive correlations between slope degrees and pH, slope degrees and organic matter, dominance and importance value, species diversity and richness, whereas between species diversity and dominance, and importance value and dominance were showed negative correlations.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.493-499
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• 2010

To obtain the basic data for the conservation and cultivation of major native herb species under the trees, distribution of native herb species, and corrrlations between native herb species and site factors were studied on natural broadleaved forest in Mt. Gariwang and Mt. Jungwang, Pyeunchang-gun. 136 native herb species were distributed in studied area, and the importance percentage of Pseudostellaria heterophylla was proved the highest, 10.8%. The other major herb species were the following oders, Meehania urticifolia, Corydalis remota, Pimpinella brachycarpa, Carex siderosticta, Pseudostellaria palibiniana, Erythronium japonicum, Ligularia fischeri, Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum, Hylomecon vernalis and Astilbe rubra var. rubra. Highly positive correlations were proved Hepatica asiatica and Ainsliaea acerifolia, Pimpinella brachycarpa and Aconitum jaluense subsp. jaluense, Aconitum jaluense subsp. jaluense and Smilacina japonica var. japonica, Meehania urticifolia and Pseudostellaria palibiniana. Seven groups of native herb species were divided by cluster analysis. Preferring site factors for each native herb species were determined. Ligularia fischeri, Ainsliaea acerifolia, Parasenecio auriculata var. matsumurana, Erythronium japonicum and Pimpinella brachycarpa were distributed mainly on the higher sites, Ligularia fischeri were ditributed more frequently in deep soil sites. These results might be useful measures in the conservation and cultivation of native edible and medicinal herb species on the forest floor in the natual broadleaved forest, Pyeungchang-gun.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.399-402
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• 2002

Angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) belongs to the class of zinc protease and plays an important role in the regulation of blood pressure. In this experiment, we investigated the inhibitory activities of medicinal plant extracts on ACE. Fifty medicinal plants were selected and the extracts were prepared by refluxing with 70% methanol. Among the extracts, eleven medicinal plant extracts such as Sedum sarmentosum Bunge, Petasites japonicus(s.et z.) Max, Rubus coreanus, Morus bombycis Koidz, Acorus calamus var. angustatus, Glycyrhiza glabra, Equisetum hyemale, Portulaca oleracea L., Prunella vulgaris var. lilacina Nakai, Sorbus commixta Hedl, Allium thunbergii showed more than 50% inhibitory activities, and Paeonia suffruticosa Andr., lnula helenium, Acanthopanax senticosus Harms, Dendrobium moniliforme, Juglans mandshurica, Zizyphus jujuba, Leonurus artemisia, Aster scaber Thunb, Vitex rotundifolia, Platycodon grandiflorum, Prunus persica, Ligularia fischeri showed $40{\sim}49%$ inhibitory activities. Therefore these extracts which contain high ACE inhibitory activities may be useful as antihypertension agents and to the treatment of hypertension.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.359-363
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• 2016

We have screened four natural products against 640 single compounds, which shows more two folds gene expression for both endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) and FOXO-family transcription factor (FOXO1). The results were as follows. (±)-Car-3-ene-2,5-dione from Asarum sieboldii Miq. is C₁₀H₁₂O₂ molecular formula and the 164 kDa molecular weight. Cinobufagin from Bufonis Venennum is C₂₆H₃₄O₆ molecular formula and 442 kDa molecular weight. So far reported main biological function is Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase inhibition. Corilagin from Euphorbia pekinensis is C₂₇H₂₂O₁₈ molecular formula and 634 kDa molecular weight. Carbonic anhydrase inhibition is well known its biological function. Corydaline from Corydalis turtschaninovii is C₂₂H₂₇NO₄ molecular formula and 369 kDa molecular weight. The main biological function is acetylcholinesterase inhibition. In the short future, four types of natural products will be used in longevity experiments with insects. The results may give one of the clues for studying new drug development candidates of the longevity.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.642-650
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• 2006

As an effective non-pharmacological method of pain relief, hydrotherapy was widely used. And bath additive has been used for enhancing the efficacy of hydrotherapy, In the present study, as a bath additive, the analgesic activity of HAC, which composed of Corydalis turtschaninovii, Atractylodes japonica, and Harpagophytum procumbens(HAC), was investigated in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (VIPAG), lateral PAG (IPAG), central nuclei of amygdala (CeA), and the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) in mice, using writhing test and immunohistochemistry for c-Fos. Male C57BU6 mice weighing $25{\;}{\pm}{\;}2g$ (8 weeks of age) were used for this experiment. The animals were divided into five groups: the control group, the acetic acid treatment group, the acetic acid treatment and 0.01 g/L HAC-immersed group, the acetic acid treatment and 0.1 g/L HAC-immersed group, and the acetic acid treatment and 1.0 g/L HAC-immersed group. To induce somato-visceral pain in the experimental animals, a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of acetic acid was administrated to each animal, and the animals of the control group received injections of equivalent doses of normal saline. The animals of the HAC-immersed groups were immersed the water with HAC powder at the respective doses deep enough to cover the mice body, and those of the control group and the acetic acid treatment group immersed the water without HAC powder at 10 min immediately after the acetic acid injection. Our present study has shown that the HAC reduced the acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions and the acetic acid-Induced increase of numbers of c-Fos-positive cells in the VIPAG, IPAG, PVN, and CeA. The most potent analgesic effect appeared with the treatment of 1.0 g/L KB-immersed group. Based on our present results, it is very possible that HAC can be a potent therapeutic bath additive for alleviating pain without the fear of addiction to the drugs and side-effects associated with the prescription of multiple analgesic drugs.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.3500-3505
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• 2009

Sixteen moderate atopic dermatitis patients were treated with applying toner and cream using estern medical herbs[Estern medical complex(Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong, Fructus ponciri Seu Aurantii Immaturus, Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata, Radix Puerariae, Rhizoma Corydalis), Cypress, Green tea, Radix Astragali, Red ginseng, Syrup ferment, Apple ferment filtrate] on the atopic area 2-3 times per day for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks of study, the result was a decrease in SCORAD index($26.9{\pm}11.8$ to $14.9{\pm}9.7$(p<0.05)), IgE($641.9{\pm}1294.6$ to $565.8{\pm}1076.8$), Eosinophil count($246.7{\pm}203.5$ to $203.3{\pm}130.7$(p<0.05)) and TEWL($16.7{\pm}5.1$ to $15.4{\pm}8.7$(p<0.05)). And skin hydration was increased($36.6{\pm}10.0$ to $44.0{\pm}10.3$(p<0.01)) maintaining skin pH level. The patient;s and physician's global assessment also improved. Therefore, estern medical herbs may play a role in treatment of atopic dermatitis.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.246-256
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• 2012

This study intended to investigate the distribution of natural habitats, and the environmental factors, vegetation and soil analysis at 22 different sites of 9 regions in order to understand the environmental characteristics of $Adoxa$ $moschatellina$ in Prov. Gangwon-do. Natural habitats are confirmed at 44 regions of 14 cities and counties except for Donghae-si, Sokcho-si, Gosung-gun and Yanggu-gun in Prov. Gangwon-do. Natural habitats were located at altitudes of 99-1,084 m with slope inclinations of $0-25^{\circ}$. A total of 215 vascular plant taxa are identified from 22 quadrates. Importance value for members of the herbaceous (H) layer were as follows: $Adoxa$ $moschatellina$ 32.8%; $Meehania$ $urticifolia$ 7.5%; $Cardamine$ $leucantha$ 5.1%; $Scopolia$ $japonica$ 3.8%; $Corydalis$ $remota$ 3.3%. The importance value of the last four species are high, so they are at affinity with $Adoxa$ $moschatellina$ in their habitats. Species diversity of investigated sites ranged 0.4870-0.9848, and that of evenness and dominance are 0.4525-0.7601 and 0.1335-0.4191, respectively. Cluster analysis based on importance value appeared the high relations with differences of dominance species. Field capacity of investigated sites ranged 4.29-38.45%, and the soil pH and organic matter were 4.61-5.98 and 2.44-20.21, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.493-497
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• 2012

The objective of this study was carried out in order to evaluate the antioxidative activities of n-hexane fractions from medicinal herbs. Certain parts from 6 species of edible and medicinal herbs were extracted with methanol. Radical scavenging activity of the n-hexane fractions against DPPH and ABTS radicals were observed to be high in Psoralea corylifolia, and Scutellsria barbata; it also significantly increased (p<0.05). For a comparison of the effect of various concentration of fractions, as the concentration of treatment increased, the antioxidative effects on radical scavenging activity also oncreased; yet it was not significant. The antioxidative effect of medicinal plants was dependent on the concentration but was not significant. Therefore, these results indicate that edible wild plants, such as Psoralea corylifolia, and Scutellsria barbata may be useful as potential antioxidant sources for improving the human antioxidant defense system against disease.