• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.763-773
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of Argument-Based Inquiry (ABI) strategy on student's character competency. For this study, 51 grade 11 students (two classes) were selected to the role assignment (ABI-R group) and 46 students (two classes) were assigned to the non-role assignment group (ABI group). In the result, the role assignment group (ABI-R group) showed a statistically higher change in character competency than the group without role assignment (ABI group). Particularly, the ABI-R group has significantly higher grade than ABI group in empathy, responsibility, and respect among the sub-factors of character competency. However, in the case of the cooperation factor of character competency, the ABI group showed statistically significant higher grade than ABI-R group. The results of this study showed that Argument-Based Inquiry (ABI) as teaching and learning strategies in science can contribute to the enhancement of human character competency. In addition, we suggest that students should be actively involved in the class through role assignment, but it is necessary to present the class situation so that they can be actively engaged according to the problem situation rather than being fixed in a given role.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.47-67
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• 2017

Steel plate faults is one of important factors to affect the quality and price of the steel plates. So far many steelmakers generally have used visual inspection method that could be based on an inspector's intuition or experience. Specifically, the inspector checks the steel plate faults by looking the surface of the steel plates. However, the accuracy of this method is critically low that it can cause errors above 30% in judgment. Therefore, accurate steel plate faults diagnosis system has been continuously required in the industry. In order to meet the needs, this study proposed a new steel plate faults diagnosis system using Simultaneous MTS (S-MTS), which is an advanced Mahalanobis Taguchi System (MTS) algorithm, to classify various surface defects of the steel plates. MTS has generally been used to solve binary classification problems in various fields, but MTS was not used for multiclass classification due to its low accuracy. The reason is that only one mahalanobis space is established in the MTS. In contrast, S-MTS is suitable for multi-class classification. That is, S-MTS establishes individual mahalanobis space for each class. 'Simultaneous' implies comparing mahalanobis distances at the same time. The proposed steel plate faults diagnosis system was developed in four main stages. In the first stage, after various reference groups and related variables are defined, data of the steel plate faults is collected and used to establish the individual mahalanobis space per the reference groups and construct the full measurement scale. In the second stage, the mahalanobis distances of test groups is calculated based on the established mahalanobis spaces of the reference groups. Then, appropriateness of the spaces is verified by examining the separability of the mahalanobis diatances. In the third stage, orthogonal arrays and Signal-to-Noise (SN) ratio of dynamic type are applied for variable optimization. Also, Overall SN ratio gain is derived from the SN ratio and SN ratio gain. If the derived overall SN ratio gain is negative, it means that the variable should be removed. However, the variable with the positive gain may be considered as worth keeping. Finally, in the fourth stage, the measurement scale that is composed of selected useful variables is reconstructed. Next, an experimental test should be implemented to verify the ability of multi-class classification and thus the accuracy of the classification is acquired. If the accuracy is acceptable, this diagnosis system can be used for future applications. Also, this study compared the accuracy of the proposed steel plate faults diagnosis system with that of other popular classification algorithms including Decision Tree, Multi Perception Neural Network (MLPNN), Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Tree Bagger Random Forest, Grid Search (GS), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The steel plates faults dataset used in the study is taken from the University of California at Irvine (UCI) machine learning repository. As a result, the proposed steel plate faults diagnosis system based on S-MTS shows 90.79% of classification accuracy. The accuracy of the proposed diagnosis system is 6-27% higher than MLPNN, LR, GS, GA and PSO. Based on the fact that the accuracy of commercial systems is only about 75-80%, it means that the proposed system has enough classification performance to be applied in the industry. In addition, the proposed system can reduce the number of measurement sensors that are installed in the fields because of variable optimization process. These results show that the proposed system not only can have a good ability on the steel plate faults diagnosis but also reduce operation and maintenance cost. For our future work, it will be applied in the fields to validate actual effectiveness of the proposed system and plan to improve the accuracy based on the results.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2018

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the external dose rates of $^{18}F-FDG$ Whole Body PET/CT patients by distance, and to identify the main factors that contribute to the reduction of radiation dose by checking the cumulative doses of nuclear medicine technologist(NMT). Materials and Methods After completion of the $^{18}F-FDG$ Whole Body PET/CT scan($75.4{\pm}3.3min$), the external dose rates of 106 patients were measured at a distance of 0, 10, 30, 50, and 100 cm from the chest. Gender, age, BMI(Body Mass Index), fasting time, diabetes mellitus, radiopharmaceutical injection information, creatine value were collected to analyze individual factors that could affect external dose rates from a patient's perspective. From the perspective of NMT, personal pocket dosimeters were worn on the chest to record accumulated dose of NMT who performed the injection task($T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_3$) and scan task($T_4$, $T_5$ and $T_6$). In addition, patient contact time with NMT was measured and analyzed. Results External dose rates from the patient for each distance were calculated as $246.9{\pm}37.6$, $129.9{\pm}16.7$, $61.2{\pm}9.1$, $34.4{\pm}5.9$, and $13.1{\pm}2.4{\mu}Sv/hr$ respectively. On the patient's aspect, there was a significant difference in the proximity of gender, BMI, Injection dose and creatine value, but the difference decreased as the distance increased. In case of dialysis patient, external dose rates for each distance were exceptionally higher than other patients. On the NMT aspect, the doses received from patients were 0.70, 1.09, $0.55{\mu}Sv/person$ for performing the injection task($T_1$, $T_2$, and $T_3$), and were 1.25, 0.82, $1.23{\mu}Sv/person$ for performing the scan task($T_4$, $T_5$, $T_6$). Conclusion we found that maintaining proper distance with patient and reducing contact time with patient had a significant effect on accumulated doses. Considering those points, efforts such as sufficient water intake and encourage of urination, maintaining the proper distance between the NMT and the patient(at least 100 cm), and reducing the contact time should be done for reducing dose rates not only patient but also NMT.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.973-992
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• 2010

The hearing impairment is the representative disorder that affects the quality of the routine life of the aged period. This study was aimed to develop the Korean evaluation scale for hearing handicap(KESHH) with which we can evaluate social and psychological effects of the hearing impairment. Applying this scale clinically, we can analyze the geriatric hearing loss specifically and improve the quality of the aural rehabilitation that can help the hardness of the hearing impairment. Data were collected from 288 participants(176 hearing aid users and 112 non-hearing aid users) and the average age of the participants was 67.4 years old ( 60.15 for the hearing aids users and 78.9 for the non hearing users). The composition ratio of the male and female participants were 58.0% and 42.0% and extrovert and introvert personality were 49.3% and 50.7% showing balanced formation. The tentative draft of KESHH measurements were produced with 30 items and following 5 subscales. Using factor analysis, 6 items were erased and 4 subscales - social effect, psycho/emotional effect, interpersonal effect, and perception of hearing aids - were identified. As each subscale consisted of 6 items, 24 items were corrected and remained totally. Conclusively, the KESHH was developed with 24 items and 4 subscales including 6 items on each subscale. In addition, the KESHH was divided into type-1 and 2 depending on hearing aid users and non hearing aid users. The results of this study can be summarized as the following 5 parts. Firstly, the reliabilities of the KESHH were proved to be high because the subscales' Cronbach alpha values were from 0.723 through 0.895. Secondly, the KESHH showed systematically increasing score as the hearing impairment increased. The lowest score was 24 and the highest score was 117 and the average scores of the hearing impaired and non-hearing impaired are 72.06(SD=15.67) and 66.98(SD=20.94) showing 5.08 increased score for the hearing impaired. Depending on the degree of the hearing loss, the scores recorded 52.63 at the below of the mild hearing loss, 67.29 for the moderate hearing loss, 71.89 for the moderately severe hearing loss, and 75.57 for the severe hearing loss The comparison of the scores by hearing levels indicated that the higher the hearing levels were, the higher the scores of the KESHH with statistical significance(p<0.001). Thirdly, the correlation among 4 subscales was 0.384~0.880(p<0.001). Also, the pure tone average, personality, and the four subscales correlations showed statistical significance with 0.148~0.880 except for the pure tone average and personality and the pure tone average and perception of hearing aids. Fourthly, the total variances explained for the independent subscles were analyzed with multiple regression. The social effect was explained 17.4% with pure tone average, personality, and the status of hearing aid use variances. The psycho/emotional effect was explained 14.4% with puretone average, personality, and age variances. The interpersonal effect was explained 11.2% with pure tone average, personality, and the status of hearing aid use variances. The perception of hearing aids effect was explained 2.2% with only personality. Finally, test-retest reliability was proved to be high with 0.791(p<0.001). Conclusively, the KESHH that was developed considering Korean culture can be a useful instrument for expressing the hearing handicaps of the Korean aged hearing impaired in scores for both hearing aid users and non-users. Also, it is thought that the KESHH is useful clinically for identifying the changes of the hearing handicap scores before and after wearing hearing aids and aural rehabilitation at diverse situations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.122-128
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of youth group activities experience to sociality development of middle school student. To achieve above study purpose, the subject of this study was selected 280 from middle school second-grade students(youth group activities participants 140, non-participants 140). Experience based activities were applied to the experimental group over 80 hours per year and the pre-post test was conducted using the sociality development inventory. The results of the data were analyzed by t-test using the SPSS(ver 18.0) program. The results were as follows: First, In the aspect of sociality development by youth group activities, the student participant showed somewhat significant differences compared to the non-participants. Second, considering the activity periods, the students with more than two-year experiences showed higher results than the ones with just one-year experiences. These results represent that various programs, which can develop the sociality, can be provided for youth when they join any group of activities in general and those programs are also very effective in developing the sociality of juveniles. Furthermore, It is suggested that youth group activities are a necessary element at the school education fields, which can solve the various problems caused by overemphasizing only the knowledge transfer, reinforced education of humanism and reduced school violence.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.137-150
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• 2011

This study was to examine the effects of teacher's encouraging language on elementary student's adjustment to school life. To achieve this purpose, teacher's encouraging language were drawn from Adlerian literatures and ten principles of encouragement were established as the following: recognizing the student's values and potentials, putting an emphasis on student's positive sides, helping the student realize his or her own strength, tolerating student's mistakes, using perceptual alternatives, practicing self-encouragement, accepting and supporting opponents, stimulating internal motivations, and emphasizing social usefulness. Subjects were 34 1st graders at J elementary school in CheonNam. 17 subjects were assigned to experiment group and 17 subjects were assigned to control group. Teacher's encouraging language were applied to experiment group and teacher's usual languages were provided to control group for ten weeks. The quantitative data were collected through Elementary school adjustment behavior rating scale(Oh, 2009) and were analysed via ANCOVA. The qualitative data were collected through observations and products of the subjects and were analysed via qualitative methods. The results showed that teacher's encouraging language had a positive effect on the student's adjustment to school life.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.51-64
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• 2018

Objective: By doing a more comprehensive review of recent domestic studies related to the emotions experienced by the early childhood teachers, the current study aims to suggests the direction of various emotional research experiences; and provide the basic data necessary for the development and application of a program that helps early childhood teachers experience more positive emotions in the child care setting and effectively addresses the negative emotional experience. Methods: 87 previous studies which were published in the journals related to various emotional experiences experienced by the early childhood teacher since 2008 were analyzed. Results: It was found that the emotion - related articles of early childhood teachers showed that, compared with before 2012, it increased after 2013. Also, the tendency of the data collection method was mostly composed of the papers using the questionnaire method using the test and the scale. As the most studied topic related to the emotional experience of early childhood teachers, the negative emotional experiences were the exhaustion experienced by the teachers. And the most studied topics on positive emotional experiences were the happiness experienced by early childhood teachers; The research that explores the variables related to the happiness experienced by the early childhood teachers was the majority. Conclusion/Implications: The analysis of this study suggests a systematic understanding of emotions experienced by early childhood teachers and suggests future directions for supporting healthy emotional experiences.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.482-489
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• 2020

This study conducted a prototype development and evaluation by performing die-casting mold design, mold manufacturing, and injection condition optimization based on flow and solidification analysis to meet the needs of the coupling parts produced by die casting. Through flow analysis, the injection conditions suitable for 100% filling in the cavity were found to be a molten metal temperature of 670 ℃, injection speed of 1.164 m/s, and filling pressure of 6.324~18.77 MPa. In addition, solidification close to 100 % occurred in all four cavities when the solidification rate was 69.47 %. A defect inspection on the surface and inside the product revealed defects, such as poor molding and pores. In addition, the dimensions of the injected product were within the target tolerance and showed good results. Through the feedback of the results of flow and solidification analysis, it was possible to optimize the mold design, and the injection optimization conditions were confirmed to be a total cycle time of approximately 6.5 seconds. Good quality carrier parts with an average surface hardness of approximately 45 mm from the gate measured at 97.48(Hv) could be produced.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.366-376
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• 2017

This study attempts to analyze the structure of the knowledge and duties of the vocational counseling service industry by using the text mining method and network analysis, which are methods of big data analysis. The subjects of the survey were vocational counseling, job placement and career change support, three fields in the unit elements of competence included in the National Competency Standards (NCS) which areproposed by the government. Although the analysis results of frequently used words showed that all three fields had independent duties, many were overlapping, such as counseling, examination, employment support, etc. for clients, job seekers, and others. The knowledge required by the employees of this field includes many new fields, such as start-up development, lifelong career consulting, job adaptation and culture conflict, besides the five subjects of vocational psychology, vocational counseling, labor market, job information, and law, which are included in the vocational counselor certification examination. Also, we suggested that the consultants adhere to emotional approaches, such as empathy, acceptance and attentiveness, and take a neutral stance. This study isvaluable in that it is the first attempt to objectively analyze the duties of the vocational counseling service field by big data analysis. In addition, it is also meaningful that we first confirmed the difference between the direction of government policy and the actual practice in the field.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.545-557
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• 2017

The study is about the efficient alternative to concrete surface in the field of visual inspection technology for deteriorated infrastructure. By combining industrial drones and deep learning based image analysis techniques with traditional visual inspection and research, we tried to reduce manpowers, time requirements and costs, and to overcome the height and dome structures. On board device mounted on drones is consisting of a high resolution camera for detecting cracks of more than 0.3 mm, a lidar sensor and a embeded image processor module. It was mounted on an industrial drones, took sample images of damage from the site specimen through automatic flight navigation. In addition, the damege parts of the site specimen was used to measure not only the width and length of cracks but white rust also, and tried up compare them with the final image analysis detected results. Using the image analysis techniques, the damages of 54ea sample images were analyzed by the segmentation - feature extraction - decision making process, and extracted the analysis parameters using supervised mode of the deep learning platform. The image analysis of newly added non-supervised 60ea image samples was performed based on the extracted parameters. The result presented in 90.5 % of the damage detection rate.