• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.381-385
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• 2012

We investigated the eradication rate and the adverse effects of combined treatment with western and oriental medication on Helicobacter pylori infected patients. We studied the eradication rate and the adverse effects of 1-week-triple therapy and 2-week-oriental medication(Banhasasimtang or Hyangsapeungeuysan) on Helicobacter pylori infected patients confirmed by urea breath test. Comparing 5 patients who took combined treatment with western and oriental medication, the results of this study showed that 4 patients got eradication effect of Helicobacter pylori with no influence on liver and kidney function. A patient had diarrhea and another patient had satiety after meals because of an adverse effect. Despite some possitive effect, the treatment did not make the Quality of Life improved. The findings of this study supports the adverse effects of combined treatment with western and oriental medication for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.295-298
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• 2002

This study was conducted to develope noninvasive fecal PCR assay for detecting the Helicobacter species in dogs. From the DNA isolated from fecal samples, and a region of the 16S rRNA gene conserved among Helicobacter spp. was amplified In comparison with gastric biopsy test, the fecal PCR assay showed high specificity(100%) and sensitivity(96%). The prevalence of Helicobacter spp. infection in privately owned pet dogs in Korea detemined by the fecal PCR assay was 72.1%. the fecal PCR assay determined in this study can a new noninvasive test detecting Helicobacter spp. infection in dogs.

• The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology
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• v.72 no.5
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• pp.237-244
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• 2018

While the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is decreasing in Korea, the incidence of gastric cancer remains high, emphasizing the importance of H. pylori eradication. A new treatment strategy is needed as the eradication rate with standard triple therapy, which is currently the standard first-line regimen for H. pylori infection, has decreased below the optimum level. The major cause of eradication failure is increased antibiotic resistance. Sequential, concurrent, and hybrid therapies that include clarithromycin produce higher eradication rates than conventional standard triple therapy. However, the effectiveness of these treatments is limited in regions where the resistance rate to various antibiotics is high. Bismuth quadruple therapy is another alternative therapy, but again the eradication rate is not sufficiently high. Tailored therapy based on individual characteristics, including antibiotic susceptibility, may be ideal, but there are several limitations for clinical application and further research is needed. New potassium-competitive acid blocker-based therapies could emerge as effective alternatives in the near future. A consensus is needed to establish a strategy for applying new eradication therapies in Korea.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.179-185
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• 2004

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infects more than half of the people in the world as a major microbe to cause most of gastric diseases. Recently, cytotoxin associated-antigen A (CagA) is believed as one of the most important virulence factors of H. pylori. Molecular toxicological pathway of CagA is necessary to investigate for understanding the pathological and toxicological aspects of H. pylori, since this virulence protein harasses intercellular processes of host cells to get profit for the survival of H. pylori. CagA is coded from cag pathogenicity island (cag PAI) and translocated into host cells by Type 4 secretion system (TFSS). Tyrosine phosphorylation of CagA targets Src homology 2-containing phosphotyrosine phosphatase (SHP-2) to form a CagA-SHP-2 complex. This complex depends on the similarity of sequence between EPIYA motif and Src homology 2 domain (SH2 domain) of CagA. The generation of growth factors is an essential role of CagA in protecting and healing gastric mucosa for the survival of H. pylori. On the other hand, the activation of IL-8 by CagA induces neutrophils generating inflammation and free radicals. Indeed, free radicals are well known carcinogen to induce DNA damage. In addition, the transduction of mitogen-activation signal by CagA is one of the interesting features to understand how to cause cancer. The relationship between cancer and inflammation with CagA was mainly discussed in this review.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.168-173
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-helicobacter activity of the ethanol extract of Sohamhyoongtang (Coptidis Rhizoma, Pinelliae Tuber and Trichosanthis Semen) and Coptidis Rhizoma total alkaloids, which is one of the components of Sohamhyoongtang. Crude ethanol extract of Sohamhyoongtang (ESHHT) and Coptidis Rhizoma total alkaloids (CRTA) were used for this experiment. Five different types of H. pylori (including H. pylori 26695) were used as test strain. To determine anti-helicobacter activity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by agar dilution method. The effect of ESHHT and CRTA on the gene expression of H. pylori was investigated by quantitative realtime-PCR (qRT-PCR). MICs of ESHHT against five H. pylori strains were $250{\sim}500{\mu}g/ml$ and MICs of CRTA against five H. pylori strains were $50{\sim}200{\mu}g/ml$. Four representative virulence genes of H. pylori, cagA, ureA, ureB and ureI were tested as target genes for qRT-PCR. According to the qRT-PCR results, both ESHHT and CRTA markedly repressed the expression of cagA gene of H. pylori 26695 (6.91 and 20 folds respecively). These results showed that the ESHHT and CRTA demonstrated antihelicobacter properties, suggesting their potential use in gastritis or duodenal ulcer.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.191-195
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• 2012

Aminated gelatin microparticles were prepared with fucoidan at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 2.0%. In order to acquire a higher primary amino group content regarding gelatin, gelatin was synthesized by using 1,2-ethylenediamine and free amino groups of aminated gelatin microsphere sample uncrosslinked or crosslinked with fucoidan have been determined by using trinitrobenzensulfonic acid (TNBS) methods. At the smallest fucoidan concentration, the free amino group content of the aminated gelatin microparticles was highest and decreased when fucoidan concentrations were increased. Furthermore, as concentration of fucoidan increased, the release from microparticles decreased. The $in$ $vitro$ gastric mucoadhesion of microparticles were evaluated by using fluorescent-labeled microparticles in an isolated and perfused mouse stomach. The gastric mucoadhesion of the aminated gelatin microparticles was significantly improved compared with that of gelatin microparticles.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

Mastic is a bleed resin formed in pistacia lentiscus tree extract form the anacatdiaceae family. Mastic is used as a food ingredient in the Mediteraanean resin, and has been used by local inhabitants as a traditional medicine for relief of upper abdominal discomfort, dyspepsiaand peptic ulcer. Clinically, mastic has been effective in the treatment of benign gastric and duodenal, ulcers, giving symptomatic relief and endoscopically proven healing. In this study, to enhance activiteies of poorly water soluble Mastic with oils, surfactants and cosurfactants and then the mixure was microemulsified in aqueous media under condition of gentle agitation and digestive motility that would be encountered in the gastrointestinal tract. Formulation development and screening were based on phase diagrams and characteristics of resultant microemulsion. For optimum mastic formulation, microemulsions with various ratio (w/w%) of mastics, oils, surfactants and cosurfactants were prepared and their solubility was evaluated by monitoring particles size in their buffer through visual asessment and electrophoretic light scattering spectrophotomerter (ELS). In vitro activity of self microemulsified mastic (SME mastic) was determined by minimum ingibition concentration (MIC) test against a panel of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) clinical strains. Additionally, in vivo activity of SME masitc was investigated us mouse infected by CH275 of H. pylori. The mean diameter of SME mastic was less then 100 nm in water and SME mastic was showed similar antiboisis effect compared to tometronidazole, clarithromycin and omeproazole. Consequently, SME mastic would be effective system to exterminate H. pylori. If mastic were dose with combined treatment, mastic might augur well for effect of H. pylori eradication as good remedy.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 2003

Purpose: This study aims to determine the infection rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in gastric cancer patients who received gastrectomies, and to compare the rates of H.pylori infection detected by serological test and that of histopathological test, and to evaluate its clinical meaning. Materials and Methods: Fifty two patients were selected from those who underwent gastrectomies at the Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, from March 1997 to May 1997. The control group consisted of healthy 103 persons visited the center for health promotion in Samsung Medical Center. In both groups, we quantitatively checked serum level of IgG anti H. pylori antibody titer by ELISA using GAP IgG test kit (BioRad, USA) for the serological test, and we microscopically examined the surgical specimen stained by Warthin-Starry silver staining method for the histopathological test. Results: The seropositive rate of H. pylori in the patients' group was $71.2\%$ (37/52), and the control group was $65.0\%$ (67/103). The difference between two groups was statistically significant. However the histopathological study showed that the overall detection rate of H. pylori was $61.5\%$ (32/52) in the patients' group and $61.2\%$ (63/103) in the control group; nd this difference was not statistically significant Conclusion: We could confirm that H.pylori infection rate in the gastric cancer resected patients was statistically higher than in the normal healthy persons even in small population. And the detection method for the H. pylori infection by serological test was presumed to be better than that of histopathological test using surgical specimen. Further study for the larger population by well-organized multicenters will be needed.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to develop a new $^{l3}C-urea-containing$ capsule for diagnosis of H. pylori. The urea-containing capsules were prepared with various diluents such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), microcrystalline cellulose, sodium lauryl sulfate and citric acid. The dissolution test, $^{l3}C-urea$ breath test and stability test were then performed on the capsules. Microcrystalline cellulose and sodium lauryl sulfate retarded the initial dissolution rates of urea. However, PEG increased the initial dissolution rates of urea. Furthermore, two formulae composed of PEG, [$^{l3}C-urea/PEG$ (38/1.9 mg/cap)] and [$^{l3}C-urea/PEG/citric$ acid (38/1.9/1.9 mg/cap)] had the maximum DOB value, about 16 at 20 mim, while the formula composed of only 38 mg $^{l3}C-urea$ had the maximum DOB value at 30 min. The results indicated that PEG improved the, sensitivity of $^{l3}C-urea$ in the human volunteers. The capsule [$^{l3}C-urea/PEG$ (38/1.9 mg/cap)] was stable for at least six months in 25 and $37^{\circ}C$. Thus, a PEG-containing capsule, [$^{l3}C-urea/PEG$ (38/1.9 mg/cap)] would be a more economical, sensitive and stable preparation for diagnosis of H. pylori.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.605-611
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• 2012

Sea cucumber, $Stichopus$ $japonicus$, is used not only as an outstanding tonic food but also as a traditional medicine for the treatment of asthma, hypertension, rheumatism, anemia, and sinus congestion. The purpose of this study was to examine sea cucumber as an anti-gastritis and anti-gastric ulcer in HCl-ethanol-induced gastric and $H.$ $pylori$-infected animal models. Thirty 7-week-old SD rats and Mongolian gerbils were divided into normal (Nor, n=6), control (Con, 60% HCl-ethanol+water, n=6), groupI (DSCI, 60% HCl-ethanol+sea cucumber 30 mg/kg, n=6), groupII (DSCII, 60% HCl-ethanol+sea cucumber 100 mg/kg, n=6), and group III (DSCIII, 60% HCl-ethanol+sea cucumber 300 mg/kg, n=6). Sea cucumber significantly suppressed gastric lesions and ulcers in the 60% HCl-ethanol-induced gastric model. Especially, 100 mg/kg of sea cucumber showed significantly inhibitory effects. In histopathological analysis of the $H.$ $pylori$ model, we found that sea cucumber augmented the eradication rates of $H.$ $pylori$ and attenuated gastric ulcer formation. Our results suggest that sea cucumber has inhibitory effects on gastritis and gastric ulcers. In addition, sea cucumber can be applied for the treatment of $H.$ $pylori$.