• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1221-1225
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• 2003

As an effort to select powerful anti-cariogenic materials from natural resources, various plant extracts were examined for their anti-S. mutans and anti-glucosyltransferase (GTase) activities. The ethanol extracts of licorice bark, which was produced after water extraction of licorice, showed the most powerful anti-S. mutans as well as anti-GTase activities. When licorice bark was consecutively fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, and butanol, the chloroform fraction exhibited the strongest anti-S. mutans activites. This fraction was further fractionated into 4 fractions through a silica gel column, and according to HPLC analysis, anti-S. mutant activities seemed to come mostly from relatively hydrophobic materials.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.66
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• pp.462-466
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• 2023

After treating spent coffee grounds with alkali, extracts were prepared by using Viscozyme and Alcalase, respectively. Treatment of spent coffee grounds with alkali and enzymes increased the content of phenolic compounds in the extracts, thus possessing the good scavenging activities on free and cation radicals. In particular, the extract obtained by continuous treatment with alkali and Alcalase on spent coffee grounds had the best content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity, and inhibited the growth of Streptococcus mutans in proportion to the concentration. In conclusion, the Alcalase-enzymatic hydrolysate of alkali-treated spent coffee grounds showed excellent antioxidant and anticariogenic effects.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.403-404
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• 2009

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.399-404
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• 2002

The fermented fruit and vegetable mixed broth was prepared by using bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria to evaluate the possibility of developing isotonic beverage with anticariogenic activity. Optimum conditions were also established to produce bacteriocin by a mixed culture system consisting of Lc. lactis and Leu. mesenteroides in a fruit and vegetable mixture. Production of bacteriocin was not observed when both strains were simultaneously innoculated, but pH adjustment of the broth fermented by Leu. mesenteroides to nearneutral pH stimulated the production of bacteriocin by Lc. lactis. The concentration of sodium of the fermented broth was higher than those of commercial products. Color change of the fermented broth was not observed during storage. The fermented broth showed strong inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans which is an oral inhabitant with a cariogenic activity. Bacteriocin activity in the fermented broth was retained very stable for 4 weeks at 4$\^{C}$. The results indicated that bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria can be used for the preparation of a Korean style thirst-quenching beverage containing bacteriocin.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.333-339
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• 2005

To increase IgY in egg yolks, hens were fed a feed supplemented with kelp meal $4\%$ cinnamon $0.3\%$ and mint $2\%$ respectively, and immunized 5 times with Streptococcus mutans(S. mutans) at 2 week intervals. Groups fed experimental feeds without immunization showed higher laying rate than the control group, without supplementary feed and immunization. After the immunization, the laying rates had been decreasing due to the stress of immunization. The laying rate was recovered after the termination of immunization. Egg weight was not affected by the immunization but diets. Feed intake was dependent on the laying rate. Total IgY concentration in eggs laid from hens fed feeds containing supplementary feeds was higher than that of control. Especially, total IgY was increased up to $7.9\%$ in eggs laid from hens fed feeds supplemented with $4\%$ of kelp meal. Anti-S. mutans IgY was detected at 4 weeks after first immunization. Activity of anti-S. mutans IgY was sustained at 5 week after the final immunization. As the average concentration of specific IgY during the experimental period showed that eggs from hens fed the feed containing $4\%$ of kelp meal increased the specific IgY by $8.5\%$ kelp meal supplement improved specific IgY production by immunization.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.230-236
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• 1998

We have screened total 32 herbal drugs to find the highest activity against human cariogenic enzyme, glucosyltransferase (GTase) from the extracts of Magnoliae bark. The extracts were separated into three phases, i. e. water, n-butanol and ethylacetate according to their solvent polarity. Among them, ethylacetate fraction had approximately more than 70% of total activities, and the active principle was further isolated by prep. HPLC following silicagel column chromatography to yield single compound as white powder. The chemical structure of the compound was finally elucidated to be 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxylignan from the spectral data of FAB-MS. $^1H-\;and\;^{13}C-NMR$ spectrometries. The compound was also shown to have relatively strong antibacterial activity against ten types of cariogenic oral bacteria and one kind of Actinomyces sp.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.357-362
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• 2021

In this study, to investigate the anticariogenic effect of red ginseng, the antibacterial effect, cell adherence and biofilm formation inhibitory effect of n-hexane extract of red ginseng marc (HERGM) against Streptococcus mutans, the causative bacteria of caries, were measured. The growth of S. mutans was inhibited in proportion to the concentration of HERGM, and was hardly observed at a concentration above 125 ㎍/mL (MIC =125 ㎍/mL). It was found that HERGM acts on the cell membrane and the nucleic acid component of the cell was leaked. In addition, HERGM inhibited the adherence and biofilm formation of S. mutans by more than 90% at a concentration of 125 ㎍/mL. GTase activity was completely inhibited at a concentration of 50 ㎍/mL of HERGM. In conclusion, it was found that HERGM commonly inhibited the growth and biofilm formation of S. mutans.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.315-326
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• 2019

This study is a review of research articles on the characteristics of probiotics. Probiotics are effective at ameliorating immune disease, alleviating glucose intolerance, and improving constipation and diarrhea. Furthermore, they have anticancer and antitumor effects, preventive effects against cardiovascular disease, antidiabetic effects, antioxidant effects, antibacterial effects, and they produce useful metabolites. It has been demonstrated that oral probiotics are effective in eliminating halitosis and forming a favorable oral ecosystem, by creating an environment that is not readily inhabited by harmful bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans, which produces lactic acid and causes tooth decay, or Porphyromonas gingivalis, which causes gum disease.As a result, oral probiotics are being considered not only as therapeutics against diseases, but also as preventive agents for the maintenance of a healthy oral balance. In spite of some limitations, clinical trials are currently underway, and this study can provide evidence to support the use of probiotics to improve oral health conditions, including dental caries, periodontal disease, and Candida colonization.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.603-607
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• 2005

Fourteen phenolic compounds(benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, (+)-catechin, quercetin, rutin, catechol, chlorogenic acid and L-ascorbic acid) were examined for their effects on the anticarigenic activity. Among tested samples, catechol was significantly inhibited the S. mutans, exhibiting an clear zone 18.5-19.5mm by 10 mg/disc level. The minimal inhibition concentration(MIC) of the phenolic compounds for Streptococcus mutans, M1 and M2 strain were determined as 2,000 ppm, whereas catechol was 1,000 ppm. The activity of glucosyltransferase(GTase) was significantly inhibited by catechol, at 10 ppm(58.7%), 50 ppm(60.7%) and 100 ppm(88.4%) and 500 ppm(89.6%), respectively. Among them, catechol showed most significant anticariogenic activity as well as inhibition of GTase activity.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.5 s.85
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• pp.652-657
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• 2007

To make functional fresh-cut yam using natural spices, the water or the methanol extract was prepared from different kinds of natural spices including ginger, wasabi, black pepper, mustard, cinnamon, chinese pepper, garlic, thyme, rosemary, chamomile, and peppermint. The extraction yields were varied as spice sources and extraction solvents used. Among the water extracts, peppermint extract showed strong antithrombosis activity with 26-folds extended thrombin time, and the $IC_{50}s$ of the extracts from cinnamon and rosemary were $61.3{\mu}g/ml\;and\;84.3{\mu}g/ml$ in DPPH scavenging assay, respectively. Whereas, the antimicrobial activity of all water extracts was ignorable. Among the methanol extracts, the extracts from thyme, ginger, and cinnamon showed antimicrobial activity against yam putrefactive bacteria. Strong antioxidative activity was found in the extracts from cinnamon and thyme. Based on these results, the functional fresh-cut yam was prepared using the water extract from peppermint or cinnamon. The antioxidative and antithrombin activities in the fresh-cut yam were maintained at $4^{\circ}C$ for 24 hr. Our results suggest that the natural spices could be applied to production of functional fresh-cut yam.