• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.383-393
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the improvement effect of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) on the hepatic functional enzyme and catalase activity of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were divided into four groups (n=6), and fed experimental diets containing turmeric meal [basal diet+5% turmeric (BT), basal diet+STZ+5% turmeric (ST)], and control (basal diet, BD), BS groups (basal diet+STZ). Serum concentrations of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly decreased (p<0.05) by 5% turmeric supplementation diet. The activities of akaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), amylase and lipase were decreased in the BD, BT and ST group than BS group. The catalase (CAT) activity was significantly increased (p<0.05) in turmeric supplementation diet (BT, ST group) than diabetic group (BS). Furthermore, the activities of amylase and lipase in the sera of turmeric diet group were significantly decreased (p<0.05). In vivo experiments with diabetic rats showed that ingestion of turmeric supplementation diet were effective in creatinine concentration, and hepatic functional enzyme activities.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.452-462
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• 2021

Pretilachlor (PRE) is a common acetanilide herbicide used worldwide. However, its effects on aquatic organisms, particularly marine photosynthetic life, are not sufficiently known. Herein, we evaluated the toxic effects of PRE by physiological and molecular parameters in the photosynthetic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum. The cell density, pigment content, and photosynthetic parameters (F_v/F_m and PI_ABS) were considerably decreased with increased PRE exposure time and doses. In addition, photosynthesis-related genes, PmpsbA, PmpsaA, and PmatpB, were significantly upregulated when exposed to 1.0 mg L^-1 of PRE for 24 h (p<0.001). In 72 h treatment, the relative gene expression was significantly increased (0.1 and 0.5 mg L^-1; p<0.01). In contrast, PmrbcL was decreased or little changed compared to the controls. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased after 24 h exposure (p<0.001). However, the transcriptional fold-changes in glutathione S-transferase (GST) were significantly increased (0.5 and 1.0 mg L^-1; p<0.001) at 72 h. These findings suggested that the PmGST might be involved in PRE detoxification in P. minimum. In addition, PRE may affect the photosystem function in phytoplankton similar to other acetanilides, causing severe damage or cell death.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.41-41
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• 2020

가지(Solanum melongena L..)는 가지과 식물로 인도 동부가 원산지로 추정이 되며 우리나라를 포함해서 전세계적으로 널리 이용되고 있다. 가지는 다른 과채에 비해 비타민 함량은 낮으나 무기질과 폴리페놀, 식이섬유가 풍부하고 항균, 항암, 항산화활성을 가지는 것으로 보고되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내외에서 수집된 가지 유전자원의 형태적 특성을 조사하여 품종 육성을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 가지 자원은 필리핀 78자원, 영국 78자원, 중국 45자원, 한국 12자원 등 16개 국가에서 수집된 459자원을 대상으로 하였다. 가지 유전자원의 생육 특성은 반직립형 437자원으로 가장 많았으며 직립형 15자원, 수평형 7자원으로 조사되었다. 하배축의 안토시아닌은 301자원이 있는 것으로 조사되었고 줄기 안토시아닌 축적은 258자원에서 조사되었다. 가시의 여부는 줄기에 31자원, 잎에 30자원이 조사되었으며 IT189682는 특이적으로 줄기에서만 가시가 조사되었다. 화색의 경우 흰색 31자원, 자주 207자원, 연자주 217자원, 흰자주 4자원으로 조사되었으며 꽃의 크기는 중간이 340자원으로 대부분을 차지했으며 큰 꽃 28자원, 작은 꽃 1자원(IT136568)으로 조사되었다. 과실의 형태는 원형 77자원, 타원형 27자원, 난형 31자원, 서양배형 57자원 곤봉형 88자원, 원통형 84자원, 긴원통형 95자원으로 다양하게 조사되었으며 과실 성숙색은 녹색 94자원, 흰색 16자원, 녹자주 67자원, 백자주 21자원, 자주 240자원, 주황 8자원, 노랑 13자원으로 조사되었다. 과실의 길이는 1.4(IT283605) ~ 40.5cm(K003875)로 평균 17.4cm였으며 두께는 0.7(IT283605) ~ 13.7cm(K162043)으로 평균 5.6cm 조사되었다. 본 실험에서 조사된 가지유전자원의 형태적 특성은 가지 선발에 있어 기초 정보로 활용 가능할 것이며 추가적으로 농업형질, 기능성 물질 분석등의 가지 육종 프로그램을 위한 다양한 평가 및 선발이 필요할 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.1408-1413
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• 2003

This study was conducted to analyze manganese contents of Korean common foods. Contents of manganese in 30 foods were analyzed by ICP spectrometer. And daily manganese intake through 30 common foods was calculated using analysis data of this study and daily food intakes cited from report on 1998 national health and nutrition survey. The average manganese contents of foods analyzed were 949.6 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for rice, 236.1 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for Korean chinese cabbage kimchi, 27.2 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for citrus fruit, 2.6 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for milk, 214.6 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for radish root, 40.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for apple, 60.4 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for persimmon, 13.9 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for pork, 9.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for beef, 638.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for soybean curd, 184.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for radish kimchi, 56.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for pear, 18.4 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for beer, 11.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for egg, 9.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for carbonated beverage, 345.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for bread, 50.7 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for soju, 270.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for potato, 236.1 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for sweet potato, 91.2 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for ramyeon, 32.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for onion, 68.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for nabak kimchi, 538.2 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for soybean sprout, 112.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for welsh onion, 336.7 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for rice cake, 589.9 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for Korean chinese cabbage, 430.4 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for somyeon, 144.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for pumpkin, 3.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for yoghurt, and 614.4 $\mu\textrm{g}$ for spinach per 100 g of each food. The daily manganese intake through 30 common foods of Koreans in 1998 was 3420.7 $\mu\textrm{g}$. Major sources of dietary manganese were rice, kimchi, and soybean curd. Especially, rice supplied 68.1% of total dietary manganese intake through 30 common foods. Further studies are required to establish database and RDA of manganese.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression patterns of key genes involved in lipid metabolism in response to dietary Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in hens. A total of 36 forty week-old Lohmann Brown were randomly allocated into 3 groups consisting of 4 replicates of 3 birds. Laying hens were subjected to one of following treatments: Control (BD, basal diet), T1 (BD+ CoQ10 100 mg/kg diet) and T2 (BD+ micellar of CoQ10 100 mg/kg diet). Birds were fed ad libitum a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with CoQ10 for 5 weeks. Total RNA was extracted from the liver for quantitative RT-PCR. The mRNA levels of HMG-CoA reductase(HMGCR) and sterol regulatory element-binding proteins(SREBP)2 were decreased more than 30~50% in the liver of birds fed a basal diet supplemented with CoQ10 (p<0.05). These findings suggest that dietary CoQ10 can reduce cholesterol levels by the suppression of the hepatic HMGCR and SREBP2 genes. The gene expressions of liver X receptor (LXR) and SREBP1 were down regulated due to the addition of CoQ10 to the feed (p<0.05). The homeostasis of cholesterol can be regulated by LXR and SREBP1 in cholesterol-low-conditions. The supplement of CoQ10 caused a decreased expression of lipid metabolism-related genes including $PPAR{\gamma}$, XBP1, FASN, and GLUTs in the liver of birds (p<0.05). These data suggest that CoQ10 might be used as a dietary supplement to reduce cholesterol levels and to regulate lipid homeostasis in laying hens.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.12-23
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• 1979

This experiment was carrid out to investigate the interaction between boilelr strains and nutrition levels, and the performances of four broiler strains such as Han Hyup 603, Hubbard, Anak and Filch when they were fed by four different nutrition levels (High Protein and energy; HP. HE., Medium Protein and energy; MP. ME., Low Protein ana energy; LP. LE., and low protein and energy; LLP. LLE.). The data used in this study were obtained from a total of 1200 broiler type chicks in Poultry Testing Station, Korean Poultry Association from June 16, to August 11, 1978. Differences of all characters among four nutrition levels were significant except viability and carcass rate. HP. HE and MP. ME treatments showed nearly the same performances in body weight, feed efficiency and point, spread but they were significantly superior to those of LP. LE and LLP. LLE. There were not significant differences among four strains in feed efficiency and viability but other characters, body weight, point spread and carcass rate were observed that the performance of the best strain B was significantly superior to strain D but it was not recognized significance compared with strain A, C in tile result of statisticel analysis. In the interaction between strains and nutrition levels, body weight at high and levels showed significantly differences but at low and low nutrition levels were nearly same among four strains. Therefore this study demonstrated that comparision of body weights between strains should be performed at medium nutrition level or above. Also point spread calculated as index of body weight and feed efficiency was observed that strain B at low nutrition level is excellently higher than other strains and there were little differences at low nutrition level among all strains. It was found that ]it tie differences between performances of high arid medium levels seemed to be as the reason of high fat addition for energy source to high mutrition feed, and in general superior strain showed good performance at all the nutrition levels in$.$all characters but in body weight and point spread there were significantly different responses with different nutrition level, The most superior strain B among four strains earned the most profit per bird, Although performances of high and medium nutrition levels were nearly the same, medium nutrition level also showed the most profit because the feed cost of high nutrition level was higher than that of medium nutrition level.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.606-615
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• 2007

This study was performed to investigate anti-thrombogenic, anti-inflammatory effects of n-BuOH (B) and $CH_2Cl_2$ (MC) fractions extracted from Sancho (Zanthoxylum. schinifolium) leaves in rats fed high fat diets. The experimental animal groups were consisted of eight including one 5% fat (N) and one 20% fat (H) without the test materials in diets and six H groups of feeding three levels (50, 100 and 150 mg/day) of the B and the MC fractions from Z. schinifolium, respectively. Plasma activated partial thromboplastin times and thrombin times of H group were decreased compared to the N group, but they were increased by feeding the MC fraction of 50 mg and over. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte 5#-lipo-xygenase activities and leukotriene $B_4$ contents of the H group were significantly increased compared to the N group, but they were decreased in the 100 mg and 150 mg of B fraction or the 150 mg of MC fraction fed groups. Liver cytochrome $P_{450}$, $O_2^-$, $H_2O_2$ and GSSG contents were increased by the high fat diet but decreased by feeding the B fraction or the MC fraction, while GSH content and glutathione S-transferase activity lowered by high fat diet were increased by feeding the two solvent fractions. The effects of the solvent fractions were evident at the level of 100 mg/day and over. The present results confirmed that two solvent fractions from the leaves of Z, schinifolium have enhancing effects on anti-thrombosis and anti-inflammation partly by antioxidant action and partly by direct modulation of the respective processeds. In conclusion, the n-BuOH and $CH_2Cl_2$ fractions from leaves of Z, schinifolium can be utilized as the proper ingredients of functional foods for preventing chronic degenerative disease.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.23-40
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• 2011

Objectives: This study was designed to examine the effects of extracts of Ojeoksangamibang($W{\check{u}}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) on the lipid lowering, anti-oxidation and concentration of proinflammatory cytokines and was investigated on hyperlipidemic rats. Methods: Male rats weighing $182.39{\pm}4.71g$ were fed high fat diet for 8 weeks and 36 rats(above 400 g) were divided into 4 groups. Each of 9 rats was divided a control group and experimental groups. We fed a control group of rats a basal diet and administered normal saline(100 mg/kg, 1 time/1 day) for 4 weeks. And we fed each experimental group of rats basal diet and administered an extract of Ojeoksangamibang($W{\check{u}}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) extracts(100 mg/kg, 200mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 1 time/1 day) for 4 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed to determine their chemical composition. We measured lipid of plasma and liver, concentration of proinflmmatory cytokines, anti-oxidative activity and $TNF-{\alpha}$, Apo-B, Apo-E and leptin gene expression. Results: 1. Concentration of plasma free fatty(FFA) showed no significant difference in all the treatment groups. Concentration of plasma triglyceride(TG) showed a significant decrement in the 300 mg/kg in Ojeoksangamibang($W{\check{u}}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) groups than that of control group. 2. Concentration of plasma total cholesterol showed a significant decrement in the 200 and 300 mg/kg in Ojeoksangamibang($W{\check{u}}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) groups than that of control group. Concentration of plasma low density lipoprotein(LDL)-cholesterol showed a Significant decrement in the 300 mg/kg in Ojeoksangamibang($W{\check{u}}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) groups than that of control group. Concentration of plasma high density lipoprotein(HDL)-cholesterol showed a significant increment in the 300 mg/kg in Ojeoksangamibang($W{\check{u}}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) group. 3. Concentration of liver total cholesterol showed a tendence to decrease in Ojeoksangamibang($W{\check{u}}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) groups. Concentration of liver TG showed a significant decrement in all Ojeoksangamibang groups than that of control group. 4. Concentration of plasma and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) showed a tendence to decrease in Ojeoksangamibang($W{\check{u}}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) groups. 5. The values of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) activity showed a significant increment in all Ojeoksangamibang($W{\check{u}}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) groups than that of control group. 6. The values of plasma aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) activity showed no significant different in all treatment group. 7. Concentration of plasma $interleukin(IL)-1{beta}$ showed no significant difference in all the treatment groups. Concentration of plasma IL-6 showed a significant decrement in the 300 mg/kg in Ojeoksangamibang($W{\check{u}}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) group than that of control group. Concentration of plasma tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}(TNF-{\alpha})$ a siginifant decrement in the 200 and 300 mg/kg in Ojeoksangamibang($W{\check{u}}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) group than that of control group. However the concentration of plasma IL-10 in the 300 mg/kg Ojeoksangamibang($W{\check{u}}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) groups showed a significant increment than that of control group. 9. In the analysis of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), gene expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$, Apo-B and Apo-E in the Ojeoksangamibang($W{\check{u}}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) groups showed a lower expression than that of control group. However the gene expression of leptin showed no difference in the treatment groups. 10. The ratio of $TNF-{\alpha}$, Apo-B, and Apo-E per ${\beta}-actin$ expression in the Ojeoksangamibang($W{\check{u}}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) groups showed a significant decrement than that of control group. However The ratio of leptin expression per ${\beta}-actin$ expression showed no significant difference among all the treatment groups. Conclusions: According to above results, in lowering lipid effect, anti-oxidation and control of pro-inflammatory cytokines production, Ojeoksangamibang($W{\check{u}}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) gives effect.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.524-530
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• 2008

In this study, the effects of feed containing citrus byproducts on the physicochemical characteristics and palatability of Korean native chickens were investigated. The Korean native chickens used in this study were divided into two groups: T0 (chickens that were not fed citrus byproducts until they were 39 weeks old) and T1 (chickens that were fed citrus byproducts). The feed given to the T1 chickens was the same as that given to the T0 chickens for the first 16 weeks. Between weeks $17{\sim}39$, the feed given to the T1 chickens was prepared by adding 4% of the citrus byproducts to the feed given to the T0 chickens. The chickens used in the experiment were chilled for 2 days after being sacrificed. The feed containing citrus byproducts did not cause any statistically significant differences in the breast and thigh characteristics of lightness ($L^*$ value), redness ($a^*$ value), yellowness ($b^*$ value), water-holding capacity, frozen loss, thawing loss and boiling loss. As for the rheological properties, there was no statistically meaningful difference in the breast/thigh characteristics of springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness between the T0 and T1 chickens. However, hardness and shear force were significantly lower in the T1 chickens than in the T0 chickens (p<0.05). The acid and peroxide values were also lower in the T1 chickens than in the T0 chickens, but the difference was not statistically significant. Antioxidant activity was better in the T1 chickens than in the T0 chickens. Thus, the results of the present study show that consumption of citrus byproducts did not affect the color and smell of raw meat. The palatability of boiled meat was significantly better in the T1 chickens than in the T0 chickens.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.263-267
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• 2007

Parabens are used in nearly all types of cosmetics and toiletries because they are formulated well and have broad spectrum of activity, interness, low costs and excellent chemical stability in relation to pH. 2-phenoxyethanol and chlorphenesin are common preservatives which are usually used in combination with parabens in cosmetics. Toxicity of parabens is generally low but application of parabens to damaged or broken skin has resulted in sensitization. Moreover, the possibility of their estrogenic potential, anesthetic effects and reproductive toxicity has been reported. Consequently there are some regulations in use of parabens. And the maximum permitted concentrations of chlorphenesin and 2-phenoxyethanol in cosmetic products are authorized by the same reasons. So it is important to control and estimate the amount of parabens in products. In this article, we proposed a valid method for the simultaneous determination of 8 preservatives including parabens in a short time using ultra performance liquid $chromatography^{TM}\;(UPLC^{TM})$. Separation of eight components was achieved in less than 10 min and resolutions were reasonable (USP resolution ${\geqq}\;2$). And limit of detection and quantification were evaluated. The method was suitably validated for specificity, linearity, precision (repeatability, intermediate precision) and accuracy for assay (recovery) based on International conference on harmonisation (ICH) guideline. The method was applicable to analysis of preservatives in cosmetic products.