• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• no.11
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• pp.15-22
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• 1970

This experiment is to investigate the influence on business by varying the scouring condition of raw silk. The conditions of experiment are changed by temperature, time concentration and scouring reagent as well as the pH value of scouring solution, involving the repeat number of treatment in the same reagent solution. The results are as follows. 1) The shorter the scouring time, the more lousiness showed on law silk. The difference of lousiness quantity are especially remarkable between 30 min. and 60min, while the appearance of lousiness is slight between 50min. and 90min. 2) The lousiness shape was just like splited end and short wool fiber type during than 60 min. scouring, and splited end and long wool fiber type was appeared during 120 min. scouring. 3) The seperation of threads on silk panel was difficult with undissolved sericin in case of lower than 90$^{\circ}C$ of scouring temperature, so that it was almost impossible to inspect lousiness. 4) In case of repeating one after another scouring in the same solution, the more number of treatment, the less sho wed lousiness. Little difference were appeared in the quantity of lousiness from first to eighth repeated scouring, while large difference of quantity was appeared between 8th and 9th repeated scouring. 5) The quantity of lousiness was also increased until scouring reagent (Marseilles soap) is added to 0.75％, but rather decreased with more than 0.75％ of soap. The most variety of lousiness quantity was occured when the concentration of soap is changed from 0.15％ to 0.20％. 6) The peculiarities of lousiness shape by the concentration of scouring reagent were as followings; most of lousiness are splited end short wool fiber type with lower wool fiber type with higher than 0.75％, and the mixture of both the former and the latter with 0.5％ concentration. 7) The quantity of lousiness by the kind of scouring reagent was the least with 5％ of Na$_2$CO$_3$ solution, and the most with the mixture of 0.25％ Marseilles soap and 0.25％ Na$_2$CO$_3$. 8) The more increased pH value, the more lousiness showed. The peculiarities of lousiness shape was the splited end and short wool fiber type, and the end and long wool fiber type with higher value of pH 11 because of the decreased strength of threads and the cutting of brin. 9) With the discussions mentioned the above, the scouring conditions to decrease the lousiness quantity are summarized as follows. (1) It is better to take the possible long time of scouring. (2) Temperature should be kept higher than 95$^{\circ}C$ for complete scouring. (3) It was the best to use 0.5％ of Marseiles soap as scouring reagent. (4) No good results were produced by using the mixture of scouring reagent. (5) The best pH range of scouring solution was 9.5 to 10.5.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.137-143
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• 2002

Lyophilizate of immatured wax gourd extract was 3.1 %, matured wax gourd extract was 1.0%, and its main ingredient was sugar, which accounts for 89.7% in total residue. In matured wax gourd, pectin contents was 4.11 mg/ml, and in immatured wax gourd 4.43 mg/m1. In matured wax gourd sarcocarp, sugar contents was 0.1% of sucrose, 0.32% of glucose, 0.35% of fructose, the first unidentified sugar was 0.06% and the second was 0.04%, and all total 0.87%. In sarcocarp of immatured wax gourd, sucrose was 0.33%, glucose was 1.04%, frutcose was 1.12%, and the first unidentified sugar 0.18%, and the second was 0.l2, which total 2.79%. In matured wax gourd core, pH was 4.64, sarcocarp 4.94, immatured wax gourd core 4,96, sarcocarp 5.40. According to the organic acid analysis, in sarcocarp of matured wax gourd, citric acid of 0.409 was contained, magic acid 0.084, succnic acid 0.048%, in matured wax gourd core, citric acid was 0.648, magic acid 0.127, succinc acid 0.058%, in immatured wax gourd, citric acid 0.023, magic acid 0.219, succinic acid 0.298%, in immutured wax gourd, citric acid was 0.039, malic acid 0.350, succinic 0.224%. Fumaric acid was trace in all cases. Total organic acid in matured wax gourd core was 0.833, immatured wax gourd core was 0.624 and immatured wax gourd sarcocarp was 0.546, matured wax gourd sarcocarp was 0,541%. In inhibition rate to propionibacterium acnes, control was 0(ø, cm), wax gourd that was not heated was 2.6, and wax gourd which was heated was 2.5, concentrated by 1/5 was 1.9, wax gourd by 1/10 was 2.5, freezing dry was 2.3. Wax gourd which not heated on producing melanin in B-16 melanoma cell, the melanins forming unit was 15$\mu$1/m1 in addition of 0.01%, while that as a control was 29$\mu$1/m1.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.23 no.3 s.99
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• pp.346-353
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to find the optimal mixing ratios of Breen tea power and Opuntia ficus indica var. saboten powder for making acorn starch moot The pH, acidity, color values(L-value, redness, and yellowness), texture properties, and sensory characteristics of the acorn starch moot made with varying contents of the additives were measured. The acorn starch mooks were prepared at different ratios using 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2%(w/w) green tea powder and Opuntia ficus indica var. saboten powder, respectively, based on 9% acorn starch. The overall optimal ratios that satisfied all the sensory properties of the acorn starch moot were 1.5% green tea power and 0.5% Opuntia ficus indica var. saboten powder. The results suggest that the use of green tea and Opuntia ficus indica var. saboten is valuable for making acorn starch moot of good quality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.224-230
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• 2014

Marine algae have long been recognized as a health and beauty food, based on its anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity activities. In this study, methanol extracts were prepared from 10 different phaeophyta, after which DPPH radical scavenging and cytoprotective activities of HT-22 cells against ${\beta}$-amyloid protein ($A{\beta}$), which has neurotoxic effects, were investigated. In DPPH experiments, Ecklonia cava and Ishige okamurai showed strong ROS scavenging activities, whereas eight other phaeophyta including Petalonia binghamiae (P. bin) showed weak ROS scavenging activities. To validate the cytoprotective effects of 10 different phaeophyta in $A{\beta}$-induced HT-22 cells, protein expression levels of APP, BACE1, iNOS, phosphorylated ERK1/2, phosphorylated p38 and phosphorylated JNK1/2 were determined along with MTT assay. In the MTT assay, P. bin showed the best effective cytoprotective activity at a concentrations of $25{\mu}g/mL$, whereas Sargassum confusum, Colpomenia sinuosa, Myelophycus simplex, and Sargassum hemiphyllum showed potential. Determination of protein expression levels related to $A{\beta}$-induced neurotoxicity in the five selected phaeophyta showed that P. bin inhibited BACE1 and iNOS expression in $A{\beta}$-induced HT-22 cells. These results indicate that the cytoprotective effects of P. bin are mediated by suppressing the pathways involving $A{\beta}$-induced ERK and p38 activation.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.88-97
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• 2000

Objectives : This study was aimed to investigate the emotional state and personality factors of patients with vitiligo, and the impacts of clinical characteristics. Methods : Twenty one patients with vitiligo and 20 normal controls were studied. Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), Spielberg's State and Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) and Cattell's 16 Personality Factors Questionnaire(16-PF) were used for assessment. Statistically, t-test, Oneway ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson's correlation test were used. Results : The Results were as follows. 1) The comparison of total score of BDI, state anxiety and trait anxiety between the patients with vitiligo and normal controls were not significantly different. 2) In first-stratum source traits of 16-PF, normal control group was significantly higher than the patients with vitiligo in H-factor(Boldness) and I-factor(Tender-mindedness). In second-stratum source traits of 16-PF, there was no significant difference between the patients with vitiligo and normal control in all factors. 3) According to sex, the comparison of total scores of BDI, STAI between male and female patients with vitiligo were not significantly different. In the comparison of 16-PF, female patients were higher than male patients in I-factor only. 4) As according to age(under and over 30 years of age), the comparison of total scores of BDI, STAI between patients over 30 years of age and under 30 years of age were not significantly different. In the comparison of 16-PF, patients over 30 years of age were higher than patients under 30 years of age in E-, G-, L-, M-, Q2-, Q3-, IND-, SUP-, and CRE-factor. 5) As according to the presence of progression of vitiligo and the presence of visible lesion, the comparison of total scores of BDI, STAI and 16-PF were not significantly different. 6) There were no significant correlation between the duration of the vitiligo and BDI, STAI-S, STAI-T, and 16-PF. Conclusions : There were no significant difference between patients with vitiligo and normal controls on the emotional state and personality characteristics. But patients with vitiligo were more bolder and tender-minded than normal controls on 16-PF. The author propose that methods of treatment to resolve problems of the interpersonal relations will be helpful.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.481-489
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• 2010

This study was conducted to identify the optimal mixing ratios of turmeric powder or beet powder for the production of jelly. To establish the amount of turmeric powder or beet powder that could be added to jelly, physicochemical sensory characteristics and textural properties were measured. Specifically, jellies were prepared using gelatin containing turmeric powder or beet powder at ratios of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2%(w/w). Sensory evaluation of color, appearance, sweetness, chewiness, springiness, hardness, transparency and overall acceptability of jelly prepared using 0.5% turmeric powder resulted in a high score. Similarly, the color, appearance, sweetness, chewiness, springiness, transparency and overall acceptability of jelly prepared using 1% beet powder received a high score. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that turmeric and beet can be useful in the production of high quality jelly.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2000

This study has analyzed soft contact lens care-after-sale and periodic examinations at optical shops and eye clinics. And I wish to make that use of educational data for the soft contact lens lesson of the department of ocular optics. This questionnaire studied the status of care for soft contact lens and periodic examination, of students who wears soft contact lens. The results are as follows: First, 7.5% of students questioned wore soft contact lens. More women than men wore soft contact lens. The soft contact lens wearers purchased lens mainly at optical shops. 78.5% of them wore daily wear lens. Because of cosmetic advantages of soft contact lens. 47.9% of them wore soft contact lens. 72.5% of them wore soft contact lens less than 12 hours per a day. 32.0% of them has worn soft contact lens more than 6 months less than 1 year. 51.1% of them experienced irritation. 39.7% of them have exchanged soft contact lens between 6 and 9 months. Secondly, when purchasing lenses. 60% of soft contact lens wearers were given instructions of general care, such as duration of wearing lens, how to remove protein, how to store, and how to sterilize at both of eye clinics and optical shops. But the proportion of instructions, such as side effects and periodic examination which were given to soft contact lens wearers, is lower both at eye clinics and optical shops. Especially at optical shops, the proportion of instruction for periodic examination, is lower than at eye clinics(p<0.05). Thirdly, The proportion of operations of periodic examinations after use of soft contact lens both at eye clinics and optical shops, is low. The soft contact lens wearers have had more periodic examinations at eye clinics than at optical shops. But the rate of non-periodic examination at optical shop is 87.9%. And for periodic examinations, general care was done at optical shops. On the other hand, eye examinations, general care, and treatments were done more at eye clinics. Fourthly, 60.3% of the soft contact lens wearers understood the necessity of the periodic examinations, but actually, only 6.4% of them were given the schedule for the periodic examinations, and 2.5% of them were given at an optical shop(p<0.01).

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.234-241
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• 2013

The phenolic compounds of water extracts from Prunella vulgaris were highest at 9.25 mg/g, respectively, when various extraction solvents were used. The optimum condition for extracting phenolic compounds from Prunella vulgaris was extraction in water for 18hr. The DPPH-scavenging activities of Prunella vulgaris were highest at the water extracts. The ABTS radical cation decolorization was higher than 40% in the range of 0~100% ethanol extract section. The antioxidant protection factor on the lipophilic phenolic metabolites was shown to be 1.1 PF in the water extracts from Prunella vulgaris. The TBARS was lower than the control ($0.53{\mu}M$) in all the sections. The tyrosinase inhibitory effect, which is related to skin whitening, was above 40%, and for the anti-wrinkle effect, the elastase inhibition activity was above 40% at 0.2 mg/mL. The astringent effect of the Prunella vulgaris 40% ethanol extracts was 98.1% at 1 mg/mL. As a result, it can be concluded that Prunella vulgaris has the potential to be used as a cosmetic material.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.128-136
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• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate the factors of food service satisfaction of the elderly in Busan. The survey was conducted from September 1 to October 15, 2009 by questionnaires and data analyzed by SPSS program. Fifty point nine percent of the subjects lived alone and the source of living expenses of 70.5% of the subjects was subsidy from government. The most important reason for the elderly to participate in meal service was 'economic difficulty' and 'to meet friend'. The subjects had various chronic degenerative diseases, such as arthritis, hypertension, diabetes, osteoporosis and cardiac disease. Sixty-six point eight percent of the subjects needed diet therapy for their diseases, but 87.1% of them don't want to pay the extra fee. Thirty six point five percent of the subjects attained information about lunch program because it was 'close to home' but 20.7% was 'from public officials'. The reasons for the use of the meal service were 'economic difficulty' (40.0%), 'to meet friends' (22.6%), and 'bother to prepare meal' (16.50%). The services provided by welfare center were health care, physical exam and haircut. The score given by the subjects on the satisfaction of meal service was 3.84 on the 5-point maximum scale. Higher satisfaction on kindness of staff, satisfaction of social support and awareness of support resulted in higher satisfaction of food service. It would be effective to provide food service models that meet specific needs of the elderly according to social welfare service and social community activities.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.67-84
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• 2001

This study was conducted to examine beauty shop workers' views of job. Data were collected from the workers in Seoul, Daegu, Pohang, Junjoo, and Kimhae from June 1, 2000 to August 31, 2000. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. According to general characteristics of the subjects, 28,7% of them was female; 94.2% 'specialized in hair'; 46.4% 'below twenty nine years old'; 47.1% 'married'; 59.7% 'highschool graduate'; 33.9% 'worked for below three years'; 28.5% 'monthly income of five hundred thousand to nine hundred ninety thousand won'; 62.3% 'working for above twelve hours a day' ; 41.0% 'above five workers' ; 40.6% 'working in city'. 2. 54.8% of the respondents thought that they were in good health. 76.3% of them smoked and 54.8% drank. 62.8% of them did not exercise and 78.7% was under stress. 61.5% responded that they chose the job because of its possibility of professional vocation. 91.0% of them obtained the beauty skill from beauty schools. 3. Among the factors which influenced job satisfaction, 'stable job and life security' was highest(43.9%), while 'interest in the job and amount of pay' was lowest(3.2%). 'Personal ability and use of originality' was 19.4% and 'harmonious relationship with fellow workers' was 18.1%. 'Job environment' was 7.1% and 'harmonious relationship with higher workers' was 4.5%. 4. The level workers' view of job was $113.8{\pm}17.3$ points on the basis of 150 points. On the basis of 75 points, each item showed it points in order of self-development($22.3{\pm}3.8$), service for customers($20.1{\pm}3.1$), vocational mission($15.6{\pm}3.1$), harmony with the others($18.9{\pm}3.5$), working environment($18.6{\pm}3.6$), and working condition($14.3{\pm}5.1$). 5. Among the reasons why they considered leaving the job, 24.0% of them considered it because they could not free time, while 15.4% considered it because undesirable living environment or long distance from home. 15.0% thought it because they could not receive proper treatment as much as they worked and 12.8% thought they overworked. 6. When they move into new working places, they consider such factors as good working environment(24.1%), good place to open their own beauty shops(16.7%), good beauty shop to learn beauty skill(15.6%), chance to have job training(9.5%), and close place from home(9.0%). 7. 40.6% of the respondents wanted to leave the job, while 32.3% of them did not want to leave the job. The intention of leaving the displayed significant difference in the variables of age, working period, monthly income, marital status, the number of workers, location of the shop, rank, and reason of selecting the job. 8. According to the results of a regression analysis of factors which influenced job satisfaction, it was affected significantly by intention of leaving job, the number of workers, health condition, level of stress, and monthly income. The beauty shop workers showed low satisfaction level with working environment, working condition, and working mission, They considered leaving the job because of lack of free time, overwork, poor working environment, improper treatment, etc. Therefore, related professionals and organizations must device adequate measures in order to make them work with pride as creators of beauty.