• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.67-78
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• 2020

Honesty is an attribute of God, and the Bible says that God is pleased, praises, and blesses honest people. However, false and hypocrisy is overflowing and honesty is being weakened in Korean society and the church. In this regard, we need to understand the level of honesty and ethical consciousness of youth and adults (workers) in Korea, and how to spread honesty in Korean society in order for the Korean church to restore its essence and play the role of light and salt in the world. To this end, We analyzed the honest ethical consciousness of Korean youth and adults (workers) by using the results of the Korean Honest Index survey conducted by the researchers at the Ethics Center of the Transparent Society Movement Headquarters of the Heungsadan in 2019. In addition, through Focus Group Interview (FGI) of 12 pastors who are practicing the honesty movement in the Korean church, we analyzed pastors' opinions on what the Korean church should do and what role it should play in order to raise the honesty ethical consciousness of Korean society. We hope that it will be an opportunity to recognize the seriousness of the honest and ethical consciousness of Korean society, and to take an active role in helping the Korean church return to the spirit of Koramdeo and spread the honest kingdom and righteousness of God in Korean society through this study.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.62
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• pp.313-334
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• 2020

As an element of education, the educational space cannot be separated from the purpose of education. The place of education is not only the passage to deliver actual curriculum, but also the purpose itself that can be accomplished through educational content. That is because the purpose of education cannot be achieved only with instructors, students, curriculum, and methods, but requires a change in the perception of the educational space that represents the goal and the place where it all can be implemented. Nevertheless, the problem that lies with educational space is easy to be overlooked and it has been rather considered as an issue related to the finances or scale of the church. The church educational space gives birth to faith and growth, where spiritual development and experience may occur. However, the reality follows the drawbacks of conventional school classroom arrangements and structures. In addition, even if the church educational space can be arranged according to the needs of its students, it cannot deviate much from the standard uniform format. In particular, the basic environment of church educational space is similar to that of standard school system in terms of arrangement of furniture such as chairs, desks, and its physical structure. As the school system was originally designed and tailored for the purpose of delivering knowledge and standardization, the space for church education must stay away from it. Humans are born and die in a space, where encounter with God also happens. Also, communication with God causes spacial conversion to humans, changing the place of their visitation. So the church educational space must be more meticulously designed and comprehensive than that of school which pursues physical, educational, psychological, social, and artistic purposes because the church educational space pursues the liturgical elements, as well. Therefore, the Christian learning environmental arrangements must seek liturgical elements, which is the major Christian value, by placing Christian artwork or symbols for church visitors. So in this research, I want to stress the role of Christian educational space for spiritual growth and pursue intrinsic and extrinsic changes in learning environment, leading to a greater awareness of the Christian educational space.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.71
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• pp.277-303
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• 2022

The COVID-19 Pandemic, which began in 2020, has led to many changes in the Korean church. It created a situation in which not only the change and form of worship time, but also the definition, direction, and philosophy of ministry had to be re-established. In the early days of COVID-19 Pandemic, the Korean church recognized this as a crisis, but gradually regarded these as opportunities and tried to produce positive results. The Department of Education has also undergone many changes, especially in its summer ministry, and is expected to have undergone more dramatic changes in form, location and method than in any other church event or service. However, no accurate data on this has been collected. Accordingly, Mirae with Dreams (CEO: Pastor Kim Eun-ho), a corporation established by the Oryun Church for the next generation of ministry, conducted a survey on the summer ministry of the Korean church, which has been registered as a future member with dreams every year since 2020 when the COVID-19 fan dummy began. A similar survey was conducted in 2022 following 2021, and 260 churches responded, and the results are as follows. In 2022, the summer ministry of the Ministry of Education of the Korean Church returned to the form before the COVID-19 Pandemic. Unlike 2021, when many of them were held online, more than 81 percent said they had conducted summer camps offline, and 31 percent also conducted or attended outdoor camps. In terms of the importance of roles, when online was also the main focus, parents and teachers were equally viewed or emphasized, while in this summer's survey, 90 percent of respondents said that the role of teachers in charge or department was important. Summer events were mainly summer Bible schools and retreats, but 25% of all respondents said they conducted missionary work and evangelism at home and abroad. Compared to 2021, participation in summer camps has increased in all departments, including infant and kindergarten, elementary and middle school, and especially in infant and middle school. While preparing for the summer camp, most of the respondents said that the focus was on content and topics, and the main focus was on children's accessibility compared to 2021. As a result of synthesizing the description of the reason for the respondents who could not conduct the summer camp, about 40% said they could not conduct the summer camp due to a lack of volunteers. This is more than 30% who pointed out COVID-19 as the cause, which can be seen as an urgent problem to be solved at the Korean church and denomination level. In addition, this paper also mentioned detailed changes in each question, referring to the changes in summer camps from 2020 to 2022.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.2 s.61
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• pp.242-252
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• 2007

성당은 인간의 세계와 신의 세계를 연결해주는 영역적 전환의 성격을 갖는 건축물이다. 그리고 이곳에서 벌어지는 찬송과 주문 등의 일련의 예배의식과정은 신의 영역으로의 전환을 위함이라고 할 수 있다. 전통적으로 성당에서의 예배는 성직자들의 의식 진행과정이 신도들에게 잘 드러나지 않도록 배치되어왔다. 성직자와 일반신도는 철저히 구별되고 그 거리를 최대로 하는 건축계획이 이루어져왔는데 이것은 예배의 의식과정이 보다 신비스럽고 경외의 대상이 됨으로서 신권을 보다 확고히 하기 위한 의도로 풀이될 수 있다. 그러나 모더니즘의 탄생과 더불어 시작된 자유화는 사회의 각 분야를 변화시키고 성당에서도 예전의 신권 중심의 예배의식에서 벗어나, 보다 인간적인 의식으로의 전환이 정착되기에 이르렀다. 신도는 보다 적극적으로 예배의식에 참여할 수 있게 되고 예배의식 이후에는 신도들의 인간적 교류를 증진하는 다양한 활동이 제공되었다. 이러한 상황 하에서 전통적 형태의 영국성당은 매우 성스럽고 예배를 위한 좋은 환경을 제공하고 있는데 비하여 모더니즘 이후의 성당은 현대 성당이 요구하는 예배 후의 다양한 활동을 수용한다는 생각이 지배적이었다. 본 연구는 이러한 일반적 견해에 대한 보다 과학적 분석 및 해석을 위하여 스페이스 신택스 기법을 사용하여 정량적 접근을 시도하였고 다양한 문헌고찰을 통하여 이에 대한 보다 면밀한 정성적 분석을 시도하였는데 그 결과 이에 대한 일반적 견해와는 반대로 전통적 형태의 성당이 예배후의 다양한 활동에 적합한데 비하여 현대적 형태의 성당은 예배의식에 보다 적합하다는 것으로 판명되었다.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.66
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• pp.179-208
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• 2021

Due to COVID-19, the entire world is facing the unprecedented phenomenon. Amid the threat of the virus, the global community is struggling for life. In such circumstances, churches in Korea have been criticised as selfish groups threatening the community by spreading the virus. With such criticism, they are disregarded by Korean society because their immorality and exclusive attitude towards other religions and cultures were also mentioned in public. There are many reasons for Korean churches to lose trust from people. One of the reasons for that is the quantitative growth of church and expansion of the power of church, which is a direction that has been practised so far as a missionary goal. The zeal for spreading gospel has undermined the trust of church and become a deteriorating factor for mission, which is irony. In such problematic situations, the change of paradigm is required for new mission. The passion for evangelisation should not only focus on the quantitative growth of church; it should change its direction for serving the world in lieu with the plan of God for the activity of redemption on this land. A hint of such mission can be found in ecumenical mission. Ecumenical mission is a new paradigm which was discussed in ecumenical movement led mainly by WCC, and its aim is to participate in activities of redemption of God for life in this world. Christian education has been a tool for the expansion of Christian power in the context of traditional mission. Reflecting on the role of Christian education as such, the change of direction as practical movement for the kingdom of God was tried in ecumenical movement: the beginning of the discussion of Christian education based on ecumenical mission. Due to exclusivity, aggressive mission, and the excessive attention to the system of ecclesiastical authority rather than life, Korean churches, which have lost trust in this society, should recover themselves as the model of the kingdom of God, and the establishment of mission education based on ecumenical mission is required for them to become a community towards life. Furthermore, this is an urgent task for Korean churches to implement such mission education in a church community.

• Proceedings of the Korean DIstribution Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.207-226
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• 2006

우리 사회는 정보화와 다원화로 빠르게 변화하고 있다. 경제현상도 변화하고 마케팅의 기법도 다기해지고 있다. 네트워크마케팅(NWM)이란 다단계마케팅(MLM)과 통용되는 개념으로 직접마케팅(Direct Marketing) 기법 중의 하나로 비교적 새로운 유통방법이다. 피라미드와 혼동되어 한 때 비판의 대상이었던 네트워크 마케팅이 실정법에 근거한 새로운 경제활동의 하나로 국민경제에 기능하게 되었다. 올바른 네트워크 마케팅과 실정법에 대한 이해가 필요하며 경제활동의 하나인 이 분야에도 하나님의 주권과 방법이 실현될 필요가 있다. 이 사업에 참여한 성도들은 주님의 피로 사신 교회의 목적에 충실한 행동과 성숙한 신앙인의 자세와 태도로 임할 필요가 있다. 무엇보다도 자신의 재정적 능력범위에서 사업에 참여하는 것이 바람직하다. 일확천금이나 일시에 거금을 번다는 사실과 다른 선전에 현혹되지 말고 자기 자금이나 적정수준의 자본금으로 사업에 참여하는 것이 요구된다. 현행 방문판매법은 교사나 공무원 등의 우월적 지위를 이용하여 상대방에게 다단계 판매를 강요하는 것을 금지하고 있다. 교회에서도 교회 본래의 목적인 복음 전파와 예배 등의 활동과 상치되거나 방해해서는 곤란할 것이다. 자기의 구원과 삶이 바로 서고 이웃을 돌아보아 사랑을 실천하며 복음을 전파하고, 살아서 하나님의 나라를 이 땅에 구현하고 죽어 천국에서 주님과 함께하는 성숙한 신앙생활에 근거해야 할 것이다. 교회도 네트워크마케팅에 대한 바른 이해가 필요하며, 관련 교리에 대한 정확한 이해와 적용이 요구된다고 할 수 있다. 네트워크마케팅에 대한 실정법이 제정되어 있고 현실에 맞게 수차례 개정되어 오고 있으므로 이에 대한 바른 이해가 요청된다. 또한 과학의 발전에 중세의 교회가 이해를 새롭게 한 것처럼, 경제 현상의 변화에 대해서도 통전적인 이해가 요구된다. 이 세상은 근본적으로 하나님이 창조한 세상이기 때문에 이 세상 자체를 악하다고 볼 수 없고 더구나 구원을 이 세상에서의 이탈로 볼 수 없다. 진정한 구원이란 원래 하나님이 보시기에 아름다웠던 그 세상으로의 회복을 포함한다. 이런 면에서 하나님 주권 신앙 하에서 구원이란 전 인격적인 구원, 전 우주적인 구원이 된다. 그렇기 때문에 성도는 세상의 삶과 학문, 예술, 정치, 경제, 사회를 포함한 모든 분야를 하나님의 뜻 가운데서 그 원래의 목적에 부합할 수 있도록 회복시키는 일에 적극 참여해야 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2004

This study is for figuring out the relationship between the transition of the religious outlook and the design of worship space in Korean churches after the year of 2000. Analyzing the design samples of worship spaces which are appeared in architectural and interior design publications, it is found out that the modernity in architectural and interior design is presented in many worship spaces. And the progressive effort for the renewal of the worship service is projected to composition of the pulpit and others. But the conservatism of the Korean church has not been eliminated yet. These phenomena are considered to be same in the most cases of rural community church.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.2 s.64
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• pp.173-182
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• 2006

In church building, the worship space performing practical rituals and making a place of friendship and education has a role to accept the changing services with the times. And it is also distinguishable from the chaotic surroundings and is the space for religious experience of christian identity we cannot experience in our daily life. Therefore it is very important to investigate its characteristic as the space for religious experience. The important purpose of church building is to make up a worship space, and the chancel in worship space is said to be the core in church building, the center of all worship acts. Especially, today with the tendency of multi-functionalizing and opening in worship space, the chancel in worship space has a more special meaning as spatial, functional and symbolic center. The purpose of this study, with the worship space in domestic protestant churches, is to make up basic data for the worship space plan and interiordesign in church building by analyzing the characteristics of interior design for chancel, the core field of worship space. This study has researched the constituentcharacteristics of interior design for the chancel in worship space in domestic protestant churches in 10 years from 1995 to 2004. And found the worship space opening and multi-functionalizing with the changing times. From now on, the study on interior design for creative worship space should be researched positively for the purpose of expressing the christian identity and the opening and muti-functions, on the basis of christian theology.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.64
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• pp.173-202
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• 2020

This study was conducted in order to investigate the structural relationship bewteen the learning participation motive effect on servant leadership in the church family ministry program and the sense of community. First, analyizing previous studies, a structural model was developed. Then, in the effort of verifying the structural model, 607 responses out of 700 questionnaires distributed into nationwide churches and institutes participating in church family ministry program were collected as target data. Informations on learning participation motive, servant leadership, and sense of community were collected through the questionnaires after the church family ministry program. In order to study the structural relationship between the servant leadership effect on learning participation motive and the sense of community, the collected data were analyzed according to structure equation model analylsis. As a result, the structural model this study suggested was found proper. Accordingly, it was verified that the sense of community carrying the effect of intrinsic and extrinsic motives, two of learning participation motives, affected servant leadership. Also, it was verified that the subfactors of the sense of community played important role in enhancing servant leadership in cause and effect relationship between learning participating motive and servant leadership. Therefore, in church family ministry program, it can be suggested that moderating sense of community under the consideration of participants' intrinsic and extrinsic motives makes moderating the level of learning participation motive possible.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-25
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• 1985

This paper improves the accuracy of horizontal positioning by means of the analytical Intersection and Resection. For this purpose, by increasing the number of Known points, the magnitude of errors occurred in unknown points is represented by error ellipse, and the variation of error ellipse is examined. Also, by applying weights according to each measured angles and distances, the variation of error ellipse is analysized.