• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.44-53
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to plan and develop contents for training social skills using robots for elementary school students. Seven functions (guiding activity, providing reinforcement, guiding students behavior, team setting, presenting team order, timer setting, and checking scores) were developed by analyzing functions that robots can take charge of in the training contents. A total of 8 sessions of social skills training contents were developed by selecting social skills required for academic achievement and social interaction of elementary school students. The lesson consisted of providing positive and negative examples, modeling, role-playing, providing feedback on performance, and encouraging generalization stages using effective strategies for acquiring social skills. After developing social skills training contents using robots for elementary school students, so-called Friendly Friends (FF), a satisfaction survey was conducted on the field application of contents and participating students and teachers to examine the acceptance pattern. As a result, it was found that the participating students and teachers were satisfied with the contents. Finally, the meaning and the expected effects of the 'FF (Friendly Friends)' contents were discussed, and also, the matters to be considered when developing social skills training contents using robots in the future were suggested.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.14 no.1_spc
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• pp.319-348
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• 2008

Self-efficacy, achievement goals, task value, and attribution are some of the representative motivation constructs that explain adolescents' cognition, affect, and behavioral patterns in achievement settings. These constructs have won researchers' recognition by demonstrating explanatory and predictive utility that transcends various social and cultural milieus learners are exposed to. Korean adolescents' motivation is generally in line with this universal trend and can be described adequately with these constructs. Nonetheless, there also exist a host of indigenous factors that shape these motivation constructs to be uniquely Korean. The purpose of the present article was to explore some of the socio-cultural factors that appear to wield particularly determining effects on Korean adolescents' academic motivation. Review of the relevant literature identified interdependent self-construal, traditional morals of filial piety, familism, educational fervor, academic elitism, and the college entrance system as important cultural, social, and policy-related such factors. Also discussed in this article were the roles of these factors in creating more immediate psychological learning environments for Korean adolescents, such as parent-child relationships, teacher-student relationships, and classroom goal structures.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.25-45
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• 2024

This study aims to understand the everyday information-seeking behaviors of Alpha-generation elementary school students. A survey was conducted among 4th to 6th grade students to investigate their information needs in daily life, the sources they use to fulfill these needs and the reasons for their choices, the barriers they encounter during the information search process, and their satisfaction and trust in the information obtained. The results indicate that Alpha generation elementary students most frequently use video platforms and have the highest information needs related to hobbies and leisure activities. The main reasons for choosing information sources were familiarity and convenience. Differences based on demographic characteristics and media literacy education were also analyzed. There were significant differences in information-seeking behavior based on gender. Also, students who had received media literacy education experienced fewer difficulties in the information acquisition process compared to those who had not. The findings of this study are expected to provide valuable data for developing information services and media literacy education directions for the Alpha generation in school settings.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.90-99
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference in science class ability, science pedagogy achievement and class evaluation factors according to elementary pre-service teacher's gender. Also, the correlation between science pedagogy achievement and science instructional ability was examined. Finally, the evaluation factors applied to the evaluation of science instruction according to male and female gender of elementary pre-service teachers were examined. This study was conducted from september 2019 to december 2019 for 88 elementary pre-service teachers attending P University of Education in Pusan metropolitan city. Among these 88 students, 32 elementary pre-service students were male, 56 were female. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the science instructional ability according to genders of elementary pre-service teachers, female elementary pre-service teachers showed statistically significant higher scores in science class ability compared to male elementary pre-service teachers. Second, as a result of analyzing the achievement of elementary science pedagogy according to gender of elementary pre-service teachers, female showed statistically significant higher scores for elementary science pedagogy than that of male. Third, as a result of analyzing the correlation between science instructional ability and elementary science pedagogy achievement, there was no statistically significant difference. This result can be applied both side of male and female. Fourth, both male and female pre-service teachers had various instructional evaluation factors, among which the linguistic factors of the instruction were used most frequently as criteria for instructional evaluation.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.69-90
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• 2011

To develop the descriptive evaluation questionnaire with high validity and reliability on the Clothing and Textiles section of the middle school Technology & Hone Economics textbook, apply it to students and analyze its results. We made out a draft for descriptive evaluation questionnaire that was based upon the concrete establishment of the goal and the range of evaluation. We also made a rubric for scoring as well as sample answer-sheets. Finally, we completed a total of twenty three descriptive evaluation questions and we applied it to sixty five 2nd-grade students in two classes in a middle school. Descriptive evaluation questionnaire exhibited the relative high validity on each question. Moreover, three graders gave the same score on each question of descriptive evaluation, suggesting that descriptive evaluation questionnaire has the high inter-grader reliability and the strong correlation. But, low academic achievement was generally observed in the subjects. They had difficulty in describing their knowledge via their own language and drawing up accurate and detailed answers. They recognized the positive aspects of descriptive evaluation questionnaire, but they felt it uncomfortable due to study-burden and description itself. To overcome these limitations, it is required that students should experience various materials related to subject contents in classes as well as textbooks, concentrate themselves on finding solutions for problems, expand their scope, and practice describe them in advance. Therefore, the additional training for description evaluation questionnaire will be necessary for the more efficient and discriminative questionnaire. Also the questionnaire with high validity and reliability should be developed and the aggressive and voluntary participation of teachers will be needed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.23 no.1 s.29
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• pp.22-32
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• 1990

Associations between type A behavior Pattern (TABP) and parental social control were examined by a questionnaire survey in a sample of 803 undergraduates of the three universities in Daegu city in 1988. TABP was assessed by the Student Jenkins Activity Survey (SJAS, short form) and social control of parents by Bernstein and Brandis' Index of control and communication which were both dichotomized by median. The mean age of the sample was 20.7 (standard deviation, 2.2) and mean of total score of SJAS was 5.6 with its standard deviation and median, 2.7 and 5, respectively. In stratified analysis for TABP-social control association by the native place, sex and socioeconomic status (SES), males of rural origin with low SES showed odds ratio (OR), 2.49 but those with high SES 0.40. For females of rural origin, those with low SES showed OR, 1.02, whereas those with high SES did 0.35. For those who was of urban origin, males with low SES had OR 1.27, and those with high SES did 1.29. Females with high SES showed 0.85 and those with low SES 0.67. None of the TABP-social control associations among the strata showed confidence intervals not including unity. In multiple logistic regression by native place, for those with rural origin the only term showed a statistically significance was the social control-SES of parents interaction, OR 3.99 (95% confidence interval, $1.03{\sim}15.46$). For those of urban origin, none of the terms are statistically significant. These results suggest a social upward mobility by education of the rural disadvantaged group and a Confucian idea that regards academic achievement as one of social virtues, both of which may reflect the different sociocultural structures from the West.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.44-54
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• 2013

Objectives : To investigate the frequency and clinical characteristics of premenstrual syndrome(PMS)/premenstrual dysphoric disorder(PMDD) in high school students, and determine the correlates of PMS/PMDD in association with comorbid depression and anxiety. Methods : A total of 1688 students were recruited from 5 high schools in Seoul, Korea. Subjects completed the questionnaire composed of scales to measure premenstrual symptoms, depression, and anxiety, as well as sociodemographic and reproductive variables. Subjects were categorized into 3 groups by using the Premenstrual Symptom Screening Tool(PSST) to determine the frequency and clinical characteristics of PMS/PMDD. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the correlates of PMS/PMDD. Results : The frequency of moderate to severe PMS and PMDD was 20.1% and 6.4%, respectively. Irritability(78.8%), fatigue(76.4%), and emotional sensitivity(69.8%) were common premenstrual symptoms, and functional impairment in academic performance(67.1%) was dominant. Dysmenorrhea[odd ratio(OR)=3.68, 95% confidence interval(CI) 2.45-5.55], family history of PMS(OR=1.91, 95% CI 1.35-2.71), and use of oral contraceptive (OR=1.85, 95% CI 1.16-2.94) were associated with the increased risk of PMS/PMDD after adjustment for depression and anxiety. Negative attitude to menses(OR=15.60, 95% CI 3.61-67.42) was associated with the increased risk of PMS/PMDD, particularly in subjects without depression and anxiety. Conclusions : PMS was common, as the frequency of PMS more than moderate severity including PMDD exceeded 25%, and disrupted daily functioning in adolescents. PMS is associated with various sociodemographic and menstrual characteristics, and these associations are affected by comorbid depression and anxiety.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.193-199
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between health-risk factors and oral health in Korean adolescents. This cross-sectional study was based on the 9th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (2013). The final participation rate in the survey was 96.4%. of a Total of 72,435 adolescents (age, 12~18 years) who had participated in the survey, 66,951 adolescents (33,777 boys and 33,174 girls) were selected for analysis, after excluding those with missing data. The key variables were oral health factors (one or more of the six oral symptoms), general characteristics (five factors), and health-risk factors (five factors). After adjusting for the general characteristics, frequency analysis, ${\chi}^2-test$ using PASW Statistics ver. 18.0, and logistic regression analysis were performed to understand the effects of health risk-factors on the oral symptoms experienced by the study subjects. Subjects who answered 'Yes' for alcohol consumption had a 1.33 times higher risk of experiencing oral symptoms. Further, subjects who smoked were at a 1.2 times higher risk of experiencing oral symptoms. With regard to internet use, the risk of experiencing oral symptoms was 1.25 times higher for subjects who used the internet for 7 hours or more than for those who used it for less than 1 hour. Compared to those subjects who had not experienced violence in school, the odds ratio of subjects who had experienced it 3~4 times was 1.54-fold higher. The study found that health-risk factors were associated with oral symptom experience. Therefore, programs to understand health-risk factors and interventions should be developed for Korean adolescents and provided on a regular basis along with oral health education.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.185-193
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• 1999

The long term trend of studensts' science achievement is a very important factor to check the effectiveness of science educational policy. However, up to date no such effort to understand the trend of Korean students' science achievement has been put into action. Recently, the Science Education Center in Korea National University of Education has been attempted to collect nation wide data for students' science achievement. The first part of the effort was to develop item pools. This study was the second part to collect nation wide data and to check any change during the two year time interval. In this study, the item pools developed by Kwon et. al.(1998) were used with some modification. The data were collected two times; February 1997 and March 1999. The subjects collected nationally were 8,766 students in 1997 and were 4,398 in 1999. The subjects were collected randomly but stratified by region and sex. As the results, the trends of achievement change during the two years were different from elementary to high school. The achievement scores were decreased in elementary schools and increased in high school. In case of middle schools, the change was not significant. However, even in elementary schools the knowledge on theory was increased significantly while knowledge on facts and principles were decreased. In contrast, the knowledge on fact showed the most increase in high schools. In this study, the data were analysed in light of region, sex, behavioral objective levels(ability) and context of test items. The science achievement monitoring system developed by the Science Education Center in Korea National University of Education can be an effective tool for monitoring students' achievement on the national level.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.34 no.2 s.103
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• pp.177-188
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• 2004

This study is aimed at providing the variables associated with adolescent compliance In orthodontic treatment, and identifies the salient predictors of cooperative behaviors over the course of treatment. Orthodontic attitude scale, orthodontic locus of control scale and demographics data were obtained for 60 adolescent orthodontic patients who had been in treatment a minimum of 10 months. This data was then analyzed in relation to their sex, school age and treatment compliance. The following results were obtained. 1. The scoring of external-powerful others-parents, subscale of the Orthodontic Locus of Control scale, found a statistically significant difference between sex differences (p<0.05). The score of boys was higher than that of girls. 2. The external-powerful others-parents score from the Orthodontic Locus of Control scale showed a significantly positive correlation (p<0.05) with the level of compliance. 3. The salient factors associated with compliance were the adolescent patients' own cognition and decisions. 4. There was a statistically significant correlation between the length of treatment and patient compliance (p<0.05). Thus, there was a substantial decrease in the cooperation of orthodontic patients over time. 5. Other independent variables including age, sex, family environment, religion, academic standing, parents' occupation and education, and brushing frequency were investigated and did not yield any significant relationships. Patient compliance is a critical factor in the efficacy of orthodontic treatment. Individuals vary greatly in their perceptions and attitudes of orthodontic treatment, sociodemographic environments and personality characteristics. In assessing the level of compliance attainable by each individual patient it is advisable To pay sufficient attention not only to the technical matters but also to the psychologic aspects of the treatment progress.