• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.69-78
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• 2015

This study aims to analyze differences in the social presence of instructor by instructor's social intervention, the effects of the social presence of instructor on learning satisfaction, and learner characteristics related to the social presence of instructor. Data including subjects' demographic information, interactions, social presence of instructor, social presence of the course, and learning satisfaction were collected from 119 adult learners in an online university in Korea. The main findings of this study are as follows. First, the social presence of instructor was higher in the higher-aged group or active group on intranet message board than the lower-aged group or inactive group on the board. Second, instructor's social intervention increased the level of perceived social presence of instructor. However, the active group on the board has shown the highest level of perceived social presence of instructor, without instructor's social intervention. Third, there was a high correlation between instructor's social intervention and the social presence of instructor, while the variables affecting learning satisfaction were the social presence of instructor and social presence of the course. From the results of this study, it is suggested that instructors' social interventions be provided systematically for those who are not active in social interaction to enhance their learning satisfaction.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.35-50
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• 2018

Online dashboard is designed to support learners' self-regulation of their learning process and activities to promote learner-centered learning. Given the dashboard usually provides information within a limited space, it is important to define which information should be presented in order to meet the various needs of online learners. We analyzed relevant literature, existing dashboards, and learners' dashboard experiences, and identified a list of information that should be provided by the dashboard. As a result, four categories including learning preparation, learning participation, interaction, and learning outcomes, and eleven sub-categories of dashboard information were extracted. The results suggest implications for the design of online dashboard for learner-centered learning.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.327-335
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cooperative skill training on problem based learning for elementary school science class. Two experiment groups were involved, in which problem based learning model was used and control group, in which traditional instruction was employed. One of experiment groups was trained in cooperative skills before the instruction. The results demonstrated a significant main effect in the scores of achievement and a significant interaction effect between the instructional strategies and learning ability level. The performance of high-level students in the two experimental groups was higher than that of control group. However, the performance of medium and low-level students trained with cooperative skills training was higher than that of students without cooperative skills training. A significant main effect was also found in self-esteem, but there was no significant interaction between instructional strategies and learning ability. Therefore, this study suggests that cooperative skills training is of great importance for minimizing the free-rider effect and increasing collaborative interaction in cooperative learning.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.275-283
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• 2003

Web-based instructional system gives us the greatest potential for supporting face-to-face classroom instruction in many ways. With the help of the Web in high school setting, all of the participants including teachers can share many different experiences, active interactions, and even learning outcomes. In this paper, web-based instructional strategy based on constructivism for extending the geographical thought is suggested. The results from the formative assessment, as well as the statistical results from regression analysis concerning the learners' satisfaction, are also provided.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02b
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• pp.487-492
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• 2006

컴퓨터 네트워크의 발전에 의해 학습 공간의 시공간적인 확대와 교육 현장에서 교수-학습 과정에 대한 새로운 교수방법을 요구되었고, 유무선 방송, 인터넷 등을 이용하여 다양한 형태의 원격교육이 구체화되어 왔다. 하지만, 현재 운영되는 대부분의 원격교육시스템은 실질적인 학습 상황에서 단방향적인 개별 학습 형태를 보이고 있고, 사용자간의 쌍방향 상호작용을 위해서는 교수자나 학습자에게 일정 수준이상의 기술적 소양과 경제적 부담을 요구한다. 또한 교수자에게는 교수-학습 상황에서 발생하는 학습자 행동에 대한 실시간적인 모니터링과 학습자의 학습과정에 대한 평가의 어려움을, 학습자에게는 자기 반성의 기회를 제대로 제공하지 못하는 문제점을 안고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 원격교육에서의 협동학습 지원, 사용자의 기술적, 경제적 부담의 제거, 학습 전(全) 과정에 대한 원활한 모니터링과 피드백 기회의 제공을 목적으로 원격협동학습 시스템을 설계하고, 이를 개발하였다. 본 연구에 의해 개발된 원격협동학습 시스템은 원격협동학습을 지원하는 네트워크 화이트보드, 학습 과정 및 결과를 자연어로 저장하는 저장 모듈, 그리고 저장된 학습 스크립트 파일을 해석하여 재생하는 스크립트 인터프리터로 구성되었다. 네트워크 화이트보드는 소프트웨어적으로 구현되어 부가적인 장치가 불필요하고, 통신 서버를 분산하여 서버 구축에 대한 부담을 제거하였고, 학습 내용 화면을 대화창으로 사용하여 사용자의 사용 편리성을 제고하였다. 또한 원격학습의 장(場)에 교수자가 참여하여 실시간적 모니터링이 가능하고, 학습의 전(全) 과정 및 결과를 저장한 자연어 스크립트 파일에 의해서도 학습자 행동에 대한 모니터링이 가능하다. 저장된 자연어 스크립트 파일은 구현된 인터프리터를 이용한 재생뿐 아니라, 파일 자체만으로도 학습과정을 판독할 수 있고, 스크립트 파일에 대한 해석은 교수자에게는 학습자의 학습 과정에 대한 평가 및 피드백의 근거를, 학습자에게는 자신의 학습 행동에 대한 반성의 기회를 제공한다. 본 시스템은 기존의 원격교육시스템에 비해 장비 및 인터페이스 측면에서 간소화되었고, 원격교육에 면대면 학습 개념을 근사적으로 접목시킨 교수 모델로서의 충분한 가치를 제공하나, 실제적인 학습 적용과 효과에 있어서의 타당성은 차후 검증이 있어야 하고, 또한, 이에 따른 시스템에 대한 지속적인 보완도 필요하다.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.50-58
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• 2002

The most important point in electronic learning(e-learning) is to gain the learning sympathy by improving interaction among the learners, instructors and operators around instruction contents. But it is necessary for the instructor to have active assistance of an administrator as a supporter and an operator because instructors do not accept all the learner's demands. So, operator's activity is very critical in success of e-learning. In this paper, wamine the theory of constructionism to effectively reflect the characteristic of WWW, and to build up a foundation of the web-based integrated e-learning circumstance. The circumstance is composed of 3 modules of the learner, instructor and the administrator. This aims to coordinate instruction functions in order to improve the effect of learning and to intensify the interaction. This paper presents the design and implementation of an e-learning system which is focused on the administrator's module to effectively support the operator's activity. As a result of this research, the system can be used in building up a variety of e-learning in university, that is, general training course and technical training course.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.197-208
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• 2005

For the wide spread of cyber education, it is important to understand the instructional characteristics of cyber education and its applications in the educational sites which help to cope with the practical needs and problems. This study was conducted to analyze the experience of cyber classes(working hours, tasks and evaluation, satisfaction level and instructional effectiveness, suggestions for cyber education) and use of instructional methodology (instructional activities, interaction frequencies, cooperative learning activities, instructional activities toward knowledge building). The data was collected from pre-service teachers(403) and in-service teachers(318) in June 2004. The results were that pre-service and in-service teachers all consider the satisfaction level and academic achievement level of cyber classes lower than that of FTF classes. Particularly the boring presentation of instructional materials and the inadequate instructional strategies for cyber classes were the biggest complains, and lack of interaction among peer groups and with instructors, lack of learning opportunity for cyber instructional strategies, limited group activities, lack of interaction with experts were followed. Limited types of evaluation also showed that cyber classes focus on results more than the process of students' academic achievement.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.271-273
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• 2004

최근 초고속 통신망의 보급과 World Wide Web의 눈부신 발달로 인하여 상호작용적인 웹 기반 협동학습이 활성화되고 있다. 그러나 기존 웹 기반 협동학습 시스템의 대부분은 일정한 기준이 없이 그룹이 편성되거나 오프라인에서 그룹이 편성되도록 되어있다. 또한, 협동학습 이후 평가가 없거나 오프라인에서 평가를 하도록 구성되어 있다. 그러므로 기존의 웹 기반 협동학습은 외형상으로는 협동학습을 표방하지만 완벽한 웹 기반 협동학습이 될 수 없었다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 웹 기반 협동학습의 단점들을 보완하여 학습자의 적극적 협동수행 유도와 학습효과의 증진이 가능하도록 하였다. 그룹 구성부터 시작하여 평가에 이르기까지 모든 것이 웹 상에서 가능한 시스템을 설계하였다. 일정한 기준을 통한 성향조사를 통해 교수자가 웹 상에서 동질적, 이질적 성향의 그룹 편성을 가능하게 하였으며 교수자가 학습자의 성향을 모르는 상황에서도 적당한 그룹의 편성이 가능하도록 하였다. 웹 기반 협동학습 종결 후 자기평가, 동료평가, 그룹평가, 그리고 교수자 평가와 같은 다양한 평가방법을 도입하였다. 이러한 다양한 평가에 의한 피드백을 통하여 학습자가 새로운 협동학습에서 보다 더 적극적이고 능동적인 협동학습을 하도록 하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2003.11b
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• pp.893-896
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• 2003

기존의 멀티 프로그램이나 환경에 관한 인터넷 사이트의 환경교육 자료들이 초등학교의 또래 문화에 부합하지 않는 내용이 상당히 많이 수반되어 일선 학교에서 적용하는데 나름대로의 고충이 있었다. 이런 점을 고려하여 학습자 중심의 흥미와 놀이, 가상 실습 중심의 멀티미디어 프로그램을 설계하기로 하였다. 본 연구에서 지향할 멀티미디어 프로그램의 특징은 환경교육 영역 중 초등학교 저학년의 교육과정을 감안하여 그 수준에 맞도록 내용을 함축하여 구성주의 이론에 따른 상호작용을 강화하고 상호작용 기법을 활용하여 문제해결학습 형태로 프로그램이 전개된다는 점이다. 또한 학습자 스스로 자기 주도적 학습을 할 수 있게 될 것이고, 컴퓨터를 통하여 가상의 문제 상황을 제시하고 이를 해결하는 방식으로 설계 및 구현됨으로써 컴퓨터를 통한 문제 해결 학습의 방향을 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.35-45
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• 2017

This study aims to explore the effect of quality factors and learning styles on users' satisfaction in e-Learning context. For this purpose, statistical methods such as reliability test, factor analysis, ANOVA, regression analysis were carried out using the survey data from university students. The quality factors of e-Learning were classified into contents, system, service, and interpersonal activities while learning styles were classified into positive-cooperative, self-directed, environmental-dependent, and passive styles. The results showed that each quality factors of e-Learning has a strong positive effect on user satisfaction, and self-directed group has higher satisfaction than other groups. Learning styles have moderating effects on the quality-satisfaction relationship, and especially, the group of passive learning style has a strong moderating effect on the interpersonal activities. Theoretical and practical implications and future research directions are drawn from these findings.