• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.53-64
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• 1998

Two different CAI programs have been developed to study the affect of CAI element for the types of learners'performance; (i) one is the 'CAI program 1' including the open questions for the fourth grade (the fourth period of the 'Time and Angle' in chapter 3 of the first term) of the mathematics class in the elementary school, and (il) the other is 'CAI program 2' for the existing methods. The fourth grade of Andong Songhyun elementary school has been chosen as the study subjects (243 learners), and the t-test and learners'interview have also been used to analysis the results of CAI programs. The CAI programs have only been used as the control variable. The developed CAI programs have been applied two different learners'groups to investigate the degree of performance among the superior, average, and inferior learners. For the superior group (p＜.0023) at the t＜3.2268 level and for the average group (p＜.0706) at the t＜1.8211 level the learner' group using CAI program 1 shows the higher performance compared with the learners' group using the CAI program 2, whereas fur the inferior group (p＜.8073) at the t＜.2458 level two programs did not show any difference. The learners interviews show that the superior and average groups have an interest for the open problems, whereas the inferior group do not shows an interest for the open problems. Thus, the CAI programs including the open questions (open fields, open evaluation) will be helped to the learners' group with the individual differences. Furthermore, it is expected that the CAI programs including the open questions as the mathematics and the program model of CAI can be used to develope the CAI program in future.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2004

Being engaged in the musical tasks needs cognitive skills to perceive musical sound, organize them into meaningful unit, store them in the memory and retrieve them when needed. These skills are also required for academic tasks indicating that there is positive correlation between skills for musical and academic tasks. Based on these findings, the study purported to examine whether the developed sessions can enhance cognitive skills which is composed of auditory information skills, which is composed of perceiving sounds, organizing them into groups based on the existing information or organization pattern, and short-term memory skills. Eighteen elementary students in 4, 5, and 6th grades have participated in the study. The study has administered Music Cognitive Skills Test(MCST) before and after implementing music therapy sessions. The MCST consisted of five parts, first one measuring the rhythm imitating skills, second, measuring the melodic imitation skills, third, measuring discriminative skills in identifying higher pitch, fourth, measuring discriminative skills in identifying identical chords, and lastly, measuring the tone retention skills. The results indicated that there was statistical difference between the pre and post test in rhythm and melody imitation skills. Because reproduction of perceived rhythm patterns requires memory skills, imitating patterns are considered cognitive skills. Also melody is defined adding spatial dimension to the rhythm which is temporal concept. Being able to understand melodic pattern and to reproduce the pattern also requires cognitive skills. The subjects have shown significant improvement in these two areas. In other areas, there were definite increase of scores, however, no significant differences. The study also explores interpretation of these results and also observed consistencies among the participants in completing the musical tasks.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.263-284
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• 2011

We took note of the fact that there were not many studies on improvement of mathematics learning in the field of statistics for the minority students from the families who belonged to the Low-SES. This study was to help them understand the concepts and principles of mathematics, motivate them for mathematics learning, and have them feel familiar with it. The subjects were 12 students from the low-SES families among the sophomores of 00 High School in Gyeonggi-do. Although it could not be achieved effectively in the short-term of learning for the slow learners, their understanding of basic concepts and confidence, interests and concerns in statistical learning were remarkably changed, compared to their work in the beginning period. Our discourse classes using various topics and examples were well perceived by the students whose performance was improved up to the 3rd thinking level of Mooney's framework. Also, a meaningful instructional model for slow learners(IMSL) was found through the discourse.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.87-103
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects on academic achievement for university basic mathematics in order to improve the problem-solving abilities of low achievement students in university general mathematics. In this paper, we suggest effective management strategies and teaching-learning methods according to level-based classes with utilizing scholastic level assessment, students survey, Mathematics Cafe and tutorial program, and also managing demonstration classes which are using Webwork system for assignments and evaluating the class.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.877-893
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• 2014

The purpose of this research is to study the implementation of instructional practices and the needs for improving study habits of underachievers, as a preliminary research to develop improving program for underachievers' study habits. Firstly, past researches on the subject were analyzed to find out the concept and scope of study habits, and factors related to academic achievement. After arranging and integrating these factors, we have extracted the constructs and factors of improvement program for students' study habits. Secondly, the instructional practices in the field and needs for improvement program for students' study habits were analyzed through a survey. The online survey composed of structured questionnaire was conducted among teachers consisting of regular classroom teachers, special class teachers, school counselors, etc. The results were reflected in the contents and configuration of the program. The contents of survey was the degree of practice and needs of improvement program for students' study habits in schools, and the degree of practice and needs of standardized tests. According to the survey results, the efforts for improving the underachieved students' study habits were low level. This study focused on study habits showing high demands in the development of program and manual.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.08a
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• pp.179-187
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• 2009

Web2.0은 정치, 경제, 사회 등의 다양한 분야에서 큰 영향을 주었는데 교육 분야에서도 활발한 응용을 볼 수 있었다. Web2.0을 교육적으로 활용할 수 있는 다양한 사이트 중 Wikipedia는 Web2.0의 집단지성을 대표하는 것으로 유명하다. Wikipedia는 오픈소스백과사전으로서 누구나 편집이 가능하고 배타적인 저작권을 가지고 있지 않기 때문에 사용에 제약을 받지 않는다. 현재 267개의 언어로 서비스되고 있으며, 모든 언어를 합하면 1000만여 항목이 넘으며, 앞으로의 발전이 기대되는 온라인 사전이다. Wikipedia는 정보 검색, 정보생성, 위키문법이용 편집, 토론 등의 기본 기능과 사용자문서 관리, 문서역사, 바벨, 위키미디어 프로젝트 등의 응용 기능이 있으며, 집단지성과 즉시성, 발전가능성, 개방성, 대용량성 등의 교육적 장점을 갖고 있으나, 현재 한국 교육 현장에서는 활발히 이용되고 있지 않은 것이 현실이다. 이에 Wikipedia를 초등학교 교육 현장에 적용하는 다음의 6가지 활동을 제안한다. 첫째, 정보검색, 둘째 정보편집, 셋째 정보생성, 넷째 정보토론, 다섯째 학습 결과물의 정리, 여섯째 프로젝트 학습의 활동들을 적용할 수 있다. 브리태니커사전과 비교할 정도로 정확하다는 긍정적인 시각과 누구나 편집을 할 수 있기 때문에 문서훼손이 생겨 부정확하다는 부정적인 시각이 있다. 또한 한국 Wikipedia가 타국의 Wikipedia에 비해 부진한 이유를 찾는 논의에는 여러 해석이 있다. 이러한 논의에도 불구하고 Wikipedia에는 무궁한 발전 가능성이 있기 때문에 교육에 활용할 만한 가치가 있다고 판단된다.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.301-321
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• 2012

Since research has barely been done on the minority with low-achievement & low-SES in probability, this research attempted to search the change of their thinking level in the classes of probability and motivate them on the mathematical learning to feel confident in mathematics. We can say that the problems of the educational discriminations are due to the overlook on the individual conditions, situations, and environments. Therefore, in order to resolve some discrimination, 4 students who belonged to the minority group, engaged in the research, based on 10 units of the instructional materials designed for the research. As a result, for the student's thinking level, it was observed that they were improved from the 1st to the 3rd level in probability. Also, the researcher found that the adequate use of the encouragement, the praise, the direct explanation, and the scaffolding enabled them to prompt their learning motives and the increased responsibility on the learning. As time passed, the participants could share their mathematical knowledge and its concept with others, in the increased confidence.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.648-661
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the school parent and student's perception of Practical Arts and Technology Home Economics and to suggest plan to school parent of multicultural and learning disability families. The subjects of this study were elementary and secondary teachers who teaching Practical Arts or Technology Home Economics. The instrument of this study was questionnaire including five sections: influence on students by Practical Arts and Technology Home Economics, interest in Practical Arts and Technology Home Economics to school parents, school support with learning ability improvement, school parents support with home in Practical Arts and Technology Home Economics, data form of school parents support with home in Practical Arts and Technology Home Economics. The findings of this study were as follows; Sociality development of students is influential by Practical Arts and Technology Home Economics. School parents and students believe important subjects in Practical Arts and Technology Home Economics. Teachers ask for support with learning ability improvement for practical training space and programs in Practical Arts and Technology Home Economics. School parents ask for support with learning ability improvement of programs of teaching learning method for home education on Practical Arts and Technology Home Economics.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.81-96
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• 2014

Now, most of programs developed were presented as form of item pool by dividing problems by section and level for the level differentiated course, so the utilization is decreasing at the field caused by unconsidered school underachievement elements by achievement. Especially, the study on teaching materials and effective measures map for mid-low level students with low utilization is more urgent. Therefore, in this study we will promote teaching method for improving learning achievement at high school. The development teaching materials(the performance evaluation and diagnostic assessment, reconstruction of textbooks) will be applied to classes for the underachieving students directly, and the achievement in the experimental class was significantly improved compared to the comparative class and the meaningful conclusions could be drawn as results of conducting same assessment based on the experimental class and the comparative class.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.371-380
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• 2017

This paper aims to explore a comparative instructional effects among meaning-based communicative language teaching, input-enhanced FnF instruction and output-enhanced FnF instruction in order to optimize the teaching methods of target grammar and vocabulary. The experiment selected three homogeneous groups of 30 students in each group for the comparison: One comparative group with communicative language teaching, one input-enhanced FnF group and another output-enhanced FnF group. The result indicates that the input-enhanced group outperformed the comparative group in the grammar test with statistical significance and the output-enhanced group overweighted the comparative group in the vocabulary test. However, no significant statistical difference was found between the input-enhanced group and the output-enhanced group. The conclusion from the result could bear the following pedagogical implication: The general English education must use the eclectic method of adopting communicative language teaching with FnF of input-enhanced target grammar and output-enhanced target vocabulary to supplement the students with the basic vocabulary and grammar.