• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.1273-1284
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze the examples represented in school science textbooks by the function types for students' scientific conceptions. According to the framework of analysis, we selected lacking examples in the textbooks, and developed a questionnaire for students. The questionnaire was applied to 157 third grade students to survey their conceptions related to matter states and change of states. The ratio of students' scientific conceptions related to solid the state was high because distinct examples were represented in the textbook. However, the ratios of students' scientific conceptions related to the liquid and gas states were low because there were no distinct examples in the science textbook. Contrast examples and expansive examples of liquid and gas such as fog and steam need to be represented in science textbooks in order to help students construct scientific conceptions of matter states and change of states.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.374-384
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• 2006

this study, the teaching methods of three science teachers for lead-iodide precipitation reaction experiment were compared. The difference of 9th grade students' understanding was searched according to the science teachers teaching styles, also. Among the three teachers, Teacher A taught students based on the science textbook and allowed students to think themselves and to get out conclusion by the experiment. Teacher B and Teacher C gave students a lot of explanations related to interpretation of the experiment. The percentage of no response on the experiment report of Teacher A was higher than those of Teacher B and Teacher C. But the students of Teacher B and Teacher C tended to have limited thoughts because of the teachers explanations. In spite of the difference, it was common phenomenon that few students understood concepts through the experiment. A lot of students were interested in the experiment, but it was hard to understand Law of definite proportions according to the experiment.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.415-430
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of high school students' conceptual understanding about minerals and rocks. A questionnaire was developed to examine students' conceptions of minerals and rocks. The data were collected from 93 students in 10th and 119 students in 11th grades in a high school. The result showed that students' understanding of minerals and rock was on the moderate level. The 10th grade students showed a relatively lower level of understanding about igneous rocks while the degree of the 11th graders' understanding about certain concepts related with melting point in the rock domain was a little bit lower than the average. Although the understanding levels between the two grade levels were similar, there were some items for which students understanding seemed to be more sophisticated with the grade. In the questions about the characteristic of basalt surface, however, the frequencies of non-scientific conceptions were not decreased, rather increased along with the grade. It was also found that the conceptions students acquired from other science lessons as well as earth science classrooms did rather interfere with students' construction of the scientific concepts of minerals and rocks even though sometimes they were helpful for learning. It was suggested that the teachers should understand that some specific terms in earth science have different meanings as they were used in other subjects.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.19 no.1 s.21
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• pp.45-55
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• 2005

대학수학 1학년 과정(미분적분학)에서 정리, 정의 등 개념의 이해를 도와주기 위해 학생들이 갖는 어려움을 그들이 자주 겪는 실수를 통해 찾아내어 분석하고 올바른 이해의 길로 안내한다. 실수를 탓하기보다 학생의 편에 서서 이해하고 도움을 주도록 한다. 흔히 부딪칠 수 있는 예제 문제를 풀어보게 하고 공통으로 저지르는 실수를 제시하여 개념의 이해나 문제풀이를 바르게 하도록 이끌어 준다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.399-413
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• 2004

In this study, a survey was conducted of students of elementary through college on their conceptions of phenomenon related with dissolution, saturation, and extraction. The teaching strategies of elementary and secondary teachers related to dissolution phenomena were also investigated. Most of elementary and secondary school students thought of dissolution as a phenomenon in which particles broke into the spaces between other particles. This explanation called 'space conception' can be sought in elementary school science textbooks. Some of high school students also had this type of thought. A concept of dissolution phenomenon as 'hydration through attraction of solvent and solute' was held by most of students of 11th, 12th grade, and college. This explanation called 'attraction concept' can be sought in high school chemistry textbooks for 11th and 12th grade. But many students of elementary through college used analogies and models related to 'space conception' when they tried to explain the dissolution phenomena. This indicates that the 'attraction concept' was not firmly established in the students' cognition. 90% of elementary school teachers thought and taught dissolution as a phenomenon in which two different size particles were mixing together like as mixing beans and millets. The model does not represent the attractions among solvent-solvent particles, solvent-solute particles, and solute-solute particles. This model only represents the space size effect (smaller size particles fitting into the spaces of larger size particles). Half of the secondary school teachers also had 'space conception' and only 20% of the teachers had 'attraction concept' Many teachers who had 'attraction concept' used to represent explanation related to 'space conception' for teaching dissolution.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.43-64
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze the progress of children's abstraction and to investigate how elementary students understand through mathematical modeling approach in the sixth grader's learning of surface area. Each small group showed their own level on abstraction in mathematical modeling progress. The participants showed improvements in understanding regarding to surface area context.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.365-384
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• 2010

This paper is an analysis study where we surveyed how well pre-service teachers understand the mathematical concepts taught in elementary school. We analyzed the results focusing on the following: First, what are the pre-service teachers' understandings of the equal sign and variables? Secondly, how exact are their understandings of other elementary school mathematical concepts? The survey was done on the students in Teachers College of Jeju National University. We hope that the results of this study will help the improvement of mathematical education for elementary pre-service teachers.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.212-224
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• 2007

Metabolism is one of the pivotal biology concepts, but many students have difficulty understanding it. The purposes of this study were (1) to explore 8th graders' conceptual change of an enzyme after classes of experimenting enzyme reaction and interpreting data using systematic analogies, (2) to discover the role of systematic analogies to enhance students' understanding, and (3) to explain students' difficulty understanding concepts as the ontological features. Systematic analogies were designed to encourage students to interpret their lab activities on enzyme reaction rates. Data were collected by using the pre-test and the post-test of open-ended form, students' worksheets, and interviews with students. After classes, the number of students to engender scientific conceptions about the function of enzyme, its structure, and its mechanism has increased. But more students failed to understand the reaction mechanisms having ontological features of equilibration processes than to understand the function of enzyme having ontological features of event-like processes. Even though the concepts of enzymes are hard to grasp owing to their ontological attributes of equilibration processes, a part of students' conceptions successfully progressed from the idea belonging to event-like processes to one belonging to equilibration processes. And systematic analogies were found to contribute in enhancing students' conceptual change of the enzyme reaction.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.253-270
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of student-led assessment on achievement emotions and science concept understanding in middle school science classes. For this purpose, 4 of the 7 classes in the third grade of mid- dle school in small and medium-sized cities were selected as the experimental group and conducted student-led assessment, while the comparative group (3 classes) conducted teacher-led assessment. The student-led assessment consisted of 4 stages in which learners took initiative to set learning goals and develop assessment criteria, conduct self assessment and peer assess- ment, and carry out seven assessment activities. Student-led assessment was effective in improving positive achievement emotions and relieving negative achievement emotions and increasing students' science concept understanding in middle school students. Students perform student-led assessment, grasp their reach, and repeatedly go through reflective thinking to compensate for deficiencies in the learning process. Therefore, student-led assessment can be used as a tool to increase science concept understanding by continuously checking the level of science concept understanding.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.565-578
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to search for the factors that influence students' understanding of the nature of science through the experience of the cognitive processes of authentic open inquiries. The freshmen of a science high school practiced authentic open inquiries reflecting epistemological characteristics of authentic science. The case study was conducted with four focus students who were successful or unsuccessful at learning the nature of science during the authentic open inquiry activity. Questions that the focus students asked during the inquiries as well as students' answers to pre- and post-VNOS (C type) were analysed, and then elaborated in the semi-structured interview. The findings suggest that open inquiry activities provide the inquiry contexts that help science high school students to understand the nature of science, and that the characteristics of students' cognition influence the understanding of the nature of science. For instance, designing experiments with their own research questions had an influence on the students' understanding about the scientific methods and the diversity of research types, and drawing conclusions from their own data made students experience scientific reasoning. In addition, the experience of collecting anomalous data helped students to understand the role of inferences in generating scientific knowledge and the creative nature of scientific knowledge. In this inquiry context, the reflective thinking that came from proactive discussion among students, made students think about the validity of the designing experiments and interpreting data, and helped them to understand the uncertain nature of reasoning and the diverse nature of scientific methods. Moreover, divergent thinking linked to analogical thinking helped students to understand the creative nature of science.