• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.1972-1975
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• 2008

우리 인간이 수원으로 가장 많이 이용하는 지표수의 이동 및 저장 역할을 하는 호소는 자연환경과 인간을 이어주는 중요한 매개체임은 분명하다. 그러나 최근에 경제 성장만을 위주로 발전을 추구해온 결과, 급격한 산업화에 따른 도시지역으로의 인구 집중 현상은 호소에 자연적 혹은 인위적으로 큰 영향을 주고 있다. 하천의 자정능력을 초과하여 발생하는 오염물질이 신갈 저수지로 유입되어 생태계를 파괴하고, 하천의 최종 유입지인 호소의 오염을 가중시켰다. 경기도 용인시, 화성군, 오산시 지역의 농 공업용수의 공급원으로 이용되고 있는 신갈 저수지로 유입하는 하천 역시 도시로의 인구 집중으로 인한 막대한 생활하수와 주변 지역에 조성된 공장에서 발생하는 사업장 배수의 유입으로 인해 심각하게 오염되어 신갈 저수지의 오염을 가중시키고 있다. 현재 용인시에서는 기흥 호수공원을 2010년까지 신갈 저수지 일대 118만평에 여가와 문화, 휴양시설이 연계된 대규모 유원지로 조성한다는 계획을 가지고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 신갈 저수지의 퇴적물 오염도를 조사하여 호수공원 조성 시 기초 데이터의 확충 및 현황파악을 위하여 신갈 저수지의 퇴적물에 대한 모니터링을 실시하였다. 측정 시기는 1차(2007년 7월)와 2차(2007년 10월)로 총 2회 실시하였으며, 조사 지점선정은 수역 전체의 특성을 가장 대표할 수 있는 지점(호심 또는 가장 깊은 곳 등), 주요 유입하천수가 유입된 후 충분히 혼합되는 지점, 호수가 유출되는 지점, 폐수나 하수의 유입으로 항상 오염이 인정되는 지점을 고려하여 신갈저수지의 6지점을 선정하여 조사하였다. 퇴적물 분석항목 중 VS, COD, T-N, T-P, 중금속 농도를 중심으로 신갈 저수지의 퇴적물 오염도를 조사하였다. 각 지점별 1차 퇴적물 조사 결과, VS $23.1{\sim}46.6\;g/kg$, COD $8.5{\sim}26.4\;mg/g$, T-N $0.35{\sim}1.52\;mg/g$, T-P $0.60{\sim}1.05\;mg/g$ 등의 농도로 조사되었으며, 중금속은 수은, 시안, 카드뮴은 검출되지 않았고 구리의 농도는 $0.1{\sim}0.6\;mg/kg$, 납의 농도는 $2.1{\sim}3.5\;mg/kg$로 조사되었다. 또한 각 지점별 2차 퇴적물 조사 결과, VS $22.8{\sim}41.4\;g/kg$, COD $7.9{\sim}21.5\;mg/g$, T-N $0.31{\sim}1.44\;mg/g$, T-P $0.82{\sim}1.01\;mg/g$ 등의 농도로 조사되었으며, 중금속은 수은, 시안, 카드뮴은 검출되지 않았고 구리의 농도는 $0.2{\sim}0.7\;mg/kg$, 납의 농도는 $2.4{\sim}3.8\;mg/kg$로 조사되었다. 본 연구의 조사 결과는 앞으로 호수공원이 조성되는 신갈 저수지를 효율적으로 관리함에 있어 중요한 근거자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2019

The urban river has played an important role in biodiversity by providing various waterside areas in urban areas that are difficult for organisms to live in. The river is also used as a resting place and experience space for citizens. In particular, Yeouido Saetgang is the first ecological park in Korea, and it is located in the heart of downtown Seoul, making it highly valuable for its location and ecological value. However, water quality issues have continuously been raised since the construction project of Yeouido Saetgang river. So it is necessary to investigate the environment state and analyze the causes of the environment deterioration. In this study, the causes of the river stagnation and water quality deterioration in Yeouido Saetgang river were analyzed. For this, river surveys and aerial photo analysis were used to analyze the causes of difficulties in natural water circulation. Also, the results of monitoring water quality showed that the averaged level of BOD and T-P in dry season is III and IV, respectively, while that of BOD and T-P are V~VI in rainy season. In addition, through the drainage analysis of sewer network, small drainages that affect the water quality in Saetgang river was selected and discussed.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.319-327
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• 2014

Understanding and quantifying of carbon storage in ecosystem is very important factor for predicting change of global carbon cycle under the global climate change. We estimated total ecosystem carbon in Gyeryongsan National Park with naturally well preserved ecosystem in Korea. Vegetation of Gyeryongsan National Park was classified with mainly four communities with Quercus mongolica (1,743.5 ha, 38.0%), Quercus variabilis (1,174.0 ha, 25.6%), Quercus serrata (971.9 ha, 21.2%), Pinus densiflora (695.2 ha, 15.2%). Biomass and soil carbons were calculated from biomass allometric equations based on the DBH and carbon contents of soil and litter collected in quadrat in each community. The tree biomass carbon was in Quercus variabilis ($130.1tCha^{-1}$), Pinus densiflora ($111.1tCha^{-1}$), Quercus mongolica ($76.2tCha^{-1}$), Quercus serrata ($39.0tCha^{-1}$). Soil carbon storage was in Quercus mongolica ($159.7tCha^{-1}$), Quercus serrata ($121.0tCha^{-1}$), Pinus densiflora ($110.5tCha^{-1}$), Quercus variabilis ($90.8tCha^{-1}$). Ecosystem carbon storage was Pinus densiflora ($239.9tCha^{-1}$), Quercus mongolica ($235.9tCha^{-1}$), Quercus variabilis ($226.0tCha^{-1}$), Quercus serrata ($165.9tCha^{-1}$), total amount was $867.7tCha^{-1}$. The area of each vegetation carbon storage was Quercus mongolica ($411,200tCha^{-1}$), Quercus variabilis ($265,300tCha^{-1}$), Pinus densiflora ($166,800tCha^{-1}$), Quercus serrata ($161,200tCha^{-1}$) and the total ecosystem carbon amount estimated $1,045,400tCha^{-1}$ at Gyeryongsan National Park. Theses results indicate that different in naturally well preserved ecosystem.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.278-281
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• 2001

Ecological measurement and biological environment of the Moak Provicial Park surveyed based on the habitat; deciduous broad leaved forest (Quercus mongolica variabilis-Pinus densiflora, Capinus tschonoskii, Quercus Mongolica, Quercus acutissima-Pinus densiflora, and Quercus variabilis), coniferous forest (Pinus densiflora), plantation forest (Pinus rigida), and the other place (pond, lake, rice field, stream, and river). Totally, 1 orders, 4 families, 8 species of amphibians were found at Mt. Moak provincial park. Biodiversity indices of studied region were as follow; richness was 1.270, diversity was 1.775, and evenness was 0.853 in amphibians. 42.1% of amphibians were found in deciduous broad leaved forest, 11.3% in coniferous forest, 1.6% in plantation forest, and 45.0% in the other region.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.69-69
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• 2016

하천은 크게 하도와 홍수터 그리고 제방으로 나눌 수 있으며, 국내에서는 다른 국가들과 다르게 대하천사업 이후 하천의 홍수터에 생태공원이나 체육시설 등과 같은 다양한 친수시설들을 조성하여 활용하고 있다. 하지만 최근 이상기후로 인해 홍수의 발생빈도 및 강도가 증가하고 있으며 여름철 집중호우에 의한 하천의 홍수위 상승은 이러한 친수시설의 침식과 퇴적 등과 같은 침수피해를 가중시키는 원인이 되기도 한다(Ku et al., 2013). 따라서 이와 같은 홍수피해를 예측하기 위해서는 홍수터를 포함한 복단면에서의 수치해석이 선행되어야 하며, 일반적으로 2차원 수치해석이 바람직한 것으로 제안되고 있다(Sato et al., 1989). 또한 하천에서의 2차원 수치해석 결과를 이용하여 침식과 퇴적에 관한 친수시설 안정성 평가 지수를 산정할 수 있으며, 산정된 지수를 통해 홍수터에서의 홍수피해를 예측할 수 있다. 다른 국가에서는 국내와 다르게 홍수터에 대한 활용이 거의 없기 때문에 홍수에 따른 홍수터에서의 위험도를 평가한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이며, 한국에서도 홍수터에서의 홍수위험도 평가에 대한 연구는 Song et al.(2016)이 다른 국가에서 활용하고 있는 제내지에서의 홍수위험도 평가 지수를 홍수터에 도입하여 실제 태풍에 의한 홍수위험도를 간접적으로 평가한 연구 정도가 대부분이라고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Einstein-Krone 공식(1962)을 이용하여 침식과 퇴적을 동시에 고려할 수 있는 Transient Erosion and Deposition Index(TEDI)와 Steady Erosion and Deposition Index(SEDI)를 개발하였다. 또한 개발된 지수를 실제 자연하천에 적용하여 태풍 사상에서의 산정된 지수를 통해 홍수터 안정성을 평가하였다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.326-332
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• 2004

A study of freshwater ichthyofauna was conducted in order to clarify its significance at 14 upstream sites in Muju, Jangsu, Geochang and Hamyang districts in Deogyusan National Park, enclosing Baekdudaegan. The freshwater fish fauna of the Park was measured at the 14 sampling locations from May 2003 to September 2003. The fifteen species gauged included four Korean endemic species and or subspecies (Squalidus japonicus coreanus, Iksookimia longicorpa, Coreoperca herzi, Odontobutis platycephala). Fourteen species were found in the Keum River and seven species in the Nakdong River. However, common species were Punchocypris, Rhynchocypris oxycephalus, Zacco temmincki, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, Coreoperca herzi, and Odontobutis pzatycephala. The dominant species of these regions were Zacco temmincki and Rhynchocypris oxycephalus. Past studies conducted in Baekdudaegan mostly concernedflora and vegetation. In the future, new study concepts for stream corridors involving both animal and plant should be introduced.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 2024

Macromia daimoji Okumura, 1949 was designated as an endangered species and also categorized as Class II Endangered wildlife on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List in Korea. The spatial distribution of this species ranged within a region delimited by northern latitude from Sacheon-si(35.1°) to Yeoncheon-gun(38.0°) and eastern longitude from Yeoncheon-gun(126.8°) to Yangsan-si(128.9°). They generally prefer microhabitats such as slowly flowing littoral zones of streams, alluvial stream islands and temporarily formed puddles in the sand-based lowland streams. The objectives of this study were to analyze the similarity of benthic macroinvertebrate communities in M. daimoji habitats, to predict the current potential distribution patterns as well as the changes of distribution ranges under global climate change circumstances. Data was collected both from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and by field surveys from April 2009 to September 2022. We adopted MaxEnt model to predict the current and future potential distribution for M. daimoji using downloaded 19 variables from the WorldClim database. The differences of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in the mainstream of Nakdonggang were smaller than those in its tributaries and the other streams, based on the surrounding environments and stream sizes. MaxEnt model presented that potential distribution displayed high inhabiting probability in Nakdonggang and its tributaries. Applying to the future scenarios by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), SSP1 scenario was predicted to expand in a wide area and SSP5 scenario in a narrow area, comparing with current potential distribution. M. daimoji is not only directly threatened by physical disturbances (e.g. river development activities) but also vulnerable to rapidly changing climate circumstances. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the habitat environments and establish conservation strategies for preserving population of M. daimoji.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.43-55
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to propose a plan that properly organizes urban close-to-nature streams by evaluating the city park functions, ecological functions and landscape functions required for urban stream and setting up space function suitable for the space. The site of this study is Hongjecheon located in Seodaemun gu of Seoul City, whose length of channel spans 6.12km in total. The plan for the construction of close-to-nature streams had been established from late 2003, and the construction was completed. Evaluation Categories and indications were deduced from 4 stages. First, based on theoretical examination, we made a list of stream and park evaluation categories and added Category about Characteristic of urban streams. Next, we set Final Evaluation Categories and indications through the process of goal-relevance, indication verification, merging similar category. Final Evaluation Categories were deduced such as usage demand, usability(city park functions), biodiversity, inhabitation potential, rarity(ecological functions), historical cultural elements, and landscape Quality(landscape functions). As a result of allotting space functions, zones 1 through 4, got high grades at usage demand, was classified as a civic resort district; zones 5 through 6, close to major green area and remained original landscape, as ecological conservation and restoration district; zones 7 through 8, get high grades at usage demand and usability, as environmentally-friendly use district; and zones 9 through 10, many historical cultural elements and view points, and high green possession rate, as stream scenic district. In addition, detail space function and construction plan for each zones were proposed. As a result of this study, proposed space function assignment considering natural characteristics, humanities and social characteristics and landscape characteristics and is expected to be utilized at reasonable spatial planning considering various functions required for urban stream.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.108-119
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• 2021

We aimed to develop a naturalness index for forest-dwelling birds in four national parks in Korea and to simulate the effect of species loss on this naturalness index. Five bird specialists were asked to give 112 bird species a disturbance susceptibility score (DSS), and the naturalness index was calculated based on this. The 112 bird species represented 8 orders (Cuculiformes, Piciformes, Accipitriformes, Falconiformes, Columbiformes, Caprimulgiformes, Strigiformes, and Passeriformes). DSS was the highest for Terpsiphone atrocaudata and Pitta nympha, and lowest for Pica pica, Hypsipetes amaurotis, and Streptopelia orientalis. There was a significant negative relationship between a species' population number and its DSS. Among the four national parks, Mt. Songni had the highest naturalness index, followed by Mt. Wolak, Mt. Juwang, and Mt. Wolchul. We investigated the change in biodiversity indices under four scenarios, which assumed the extinction of species with less than 5 (Scenario 1), 10 (Scenario 2), 50 (Scenario 3), and 100 individuals (Scenario 4). The results showed that although all biodiversity indices decreased as the species loss increased, they all behaved differently. Fisher's alpha diversity decreased as the number of species proportionally decreased. There was almost no change in Shannon-Wiener H' index in Scenarios 1 and 2. The naturalness index showed increased sensitivity in Scenarios 1 and 4. Our future aims are to obtain the DSS for all forest-dwelling bird species, and to adopt the naturalness index to evaluate temporal and spatial changes in biodiversity.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.41-52
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• 2013

To decide on the designation of a tidal-flat Provincial Park, a study area was defined in line with domestic and international case studies of Provincial Parks. A survey on landscape, geology, biota, and cultural resources was conducted in four tidal-flat areas including Bigeum-myeon and Docho-myeon, which are part of the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in Shinan, Jeollanam-do. To identify areas most suitable to be designated as Provincial Park, a PSR evaluation process was adopted. This has resulted in the selection of the 'Palgupo' area surrounding Bigeum, Docho, Haui, Shinui, Jaeun, Amtae, Palgeum, Anjwa and Jangsan. Also the tidal-flat areas at Aphae-myeon, which are ecologically linked with the Jeungdo Tidal-flat Provincial Park, were included. The selected areas resulting from this study will meet various characteristics of tidal-flat ecosystems including naturalness, ecological network, rarity and eco-cultural diversity. After the tidal-flat Provincial Park has been specified, there is a need to perform a long-term sustainable management plan.