• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.372-376
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 다양한 유량 조건 하에서 수로의 만곡이 존재하고 하중토가 존재하는 비교적 복잡한 지형에 대한 수리모형실험에 LSPIV기법과 기존 점유속계(2차원 전자기유속계)를 함께 적용하고 그 결과를 비교하여 복잡한 흐름에 대한 LSPIV의 적용성을 검토하였다. LSPIV를 이용한 표면유속장과 2차원 전자기유속계를 이용하여 1점법으로 측정된 유속장을 비교할 때, 수로 만곡과 같은 지형적 특성으로 인한 유속분포의 특성이 유사하게 관측되었으며, 홍수시의 주변고수부지 및 하중도 침수로 인해 복잡한 흐름구조가 발생하는 경우에는 LSPIV를 이용한 표면유속장 측정을 통하여 흐름특성을 더욱 명확하게 관찰할 수 있었다. 측정된 유속자료 및 하도단면자료를 이용하여 홍수량을 산정해 본 결과 하도횡단면이 비교적 단순한 경우에는 표면유속과 점유속을 이용해 계산한 홍수량 간의 차가 크지 않았으나 하도단면이 복잡한 경우에는 계산된 홍수량 사이의 차가 크게 나타났다.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.83-94
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 시스템의 해석적 모델과 측정된 응답을 이용하여 입력하중을 추정하는 역해석 기법을 유한요소모델과 같은 해석적 모델을 알고 있는 경우와 주파수응답함수와 같은 실험적 모델을 알고 있는 경우에 대하여 제시하였으며 이때 발생되는 수학적 악조건의 특성을 규명하였다. 역해석시 발생되는 수학적 악조건은 시스템의 동강성행렬과 측정위치에 의해 결정되는 특성행렬의 조건수에 따라 결정되며 역해석기법을 공학문제에 적용하기 위하여는 특성행렬의 조건수가 낮아지도록 주자유도 및 측정점을 선택하여야 하고 특히 공진영역 및 반공진영역에서는 필연적으로 악조건이 발생됨을 알 수 있었다. 수학적 악조건의 특성을 명확히 규명하기 위하여 간단한 수치해석을 통하여 그 결과를 제시하였다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.1957-1968
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• 2013

Design criteria for rock load on tunnel concrete lining has not been established yet. Generally rock load on tunnel concrete lining is empirically estimated, which leads to a conservative design. Ordinary estimation method of rock load includes various problems. Estimating by numerical analysis is very complicated and has not been verified with field measurements. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study on practical method of estimating rock load which is more accurate to the real rock load on tunnel concrete lining. This study, presents estimation method of rock load on tunnel concrete lining. Crown settlement of the tunnel construction site has been measured and it was been back analyzed to estimate the rock load. The rock load was estimated to be smaller compare to the ordinary estimation method.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.85-93
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• 2008

For long piles driven in deep clay deposits, it is difficult to estimate the ultimate bearing capacity due to large resistance induced by long embedded depth, and also the load transfer curve due to large residual load induced by negative skin friction, even with the performance of pile load tests. In this research, a hi-directional load test on a PHC pile driven in deep soft deposit was performed in order to evaluate the tip and shaft resistances separately, which are feasible to estimate the ultimate bearing capacity of the pile. Residual load of the pile was determined by continuous monitoring of pile strains after the pile installation. The true resistance and true load-movement curve of the pile were properly estimated by taking account of the residual load. A model far behavior of the shaft resistance vs. movement was also proposed, which includes the effects of residual load based on the experiment. Consequently, it was proved that the residual load should be taken into consideration for correctly analyzing load test results of piles in deep clay deposits.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.1A
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• pp.143-153
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• 2006

In design of bridges, estimation of actions and loadings is very important for the safety and maintenance of bridges. In general, effect of traffic loading on the bridge can be modeled as live load (including impact load) and fatigue load. For estimation of traffic loading, it is important to get reliable and comprehensive truck statistical data such as the traffic and weight information. To get statistical data, Bridge Weigh-In-Motion (BWIM), which measures the truck weights without stopping the traffic, is need to be developed. In this study, BWIM system with various functions is developed first. Then this system is used to get comprehensive truck data. Traffic loadings including fatigue and live loading are formulated from the truck data acquired from the bridges. Objectives of this study are to develop the BWIM system, to apply the system in test bridge in Highway, and to formulate the live and fatigue loading for bridge design.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 2007

In this paper. we have studied improvement in sensitivity by increasing the frequency of SAW sensors for detecting the immobilization and hybridization of DNA. The sensor consists of twin SAW delay lines operating at 200MHz, a sensing channel and a reference channel. fabricated on $36^{\circ}$ rotated Y-cut X-propagation $LiTaO_3$ crystals. The optimum concentration of probe and target DNA was decided for the improvement of detection mechanism. and digital syringe pump system was used to reduce the human errors. The hybridization between immobilized probe DNA and target DNA on the gold-coated delay line results in mass loading on the delay line of the sensing channel. Thus, the relative frequency change was monitored in relation to the mass loading. The measurement results showed a good response of the sensor to the DNA hybridization with a maximum sensitivity level up to 0.066ng/m1/Hz.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.347-352
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• 2020

In this study, the variation of track impact factor according to the spring stiffness change rate of sleeper resilience pad was analyzed based on field measurements. In addition, the correlation between field measurement results and 7 million fatigue test results was verified. The fatigue effect diagram of the sleeper resilience pads was presented considering the nonlinear deterioration characteristics of the sleeper resilience pads used for the STEDEF track. Based on the field measurement results, the nonlinear characteristics of the track impact factor for the spring stiffness change rate over 30% of sleeper resilience pad on the track impact factor-track support stiffness diagram were analyzed to be consistent with the fatigue test results.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.77-87
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• 2013

A present LSD (limited state design) code for temperature load in the domestic bridge design has applied a uniform standard for various bridge types. In this study, in order to calculate the effective temperature, a specimen of steel box girder bridge section with real size dimension was manufactured. For a year, the temperature data were measured at the 18 point in steel deck of steel box girder bridges specimen. Effective temperature within the cross section according to atmospheric temperature was calculated by this experiment data. The analyzed results were very similar correlation when compared with the effective temperature of the Euro Code. Therefore, the effective temperature which calculated based on the present data could be used as the basic data in order to present to the appropriate design criteria for the thermal loads on the domestic bridge design.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.5-21
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• 2012

In our country, in the case of traditional design of pile foundations, only a design depending on end bearing has been performed. However, through the load transfer measurement data that have been carried out for in-situ piles, it was known that skin frictional force was mobilized greatly. In this study, through the analysis of the load transfer test cases of driven steel pipe piles and large-diameter drilled shafts, load bearing aspects of pile foundation depending on pile construction methods and pile load test methods were established. The average sharing ratios of skin frictional force were independent of pile types, pile load test methods, relative pile lengths, pile diameters and soil types. Because the average sharing ratios were over 50%, the case pile foundations mostly behaved as a friction pile and the extremely partial case pile foundation behaved as a combined load bearing pile.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.92-98
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different abutment materials on abutment screw loosening and settling-down effect in conical connection type implant system. Materials and methods: Three types of abutment, cementation, gold UCLA, and metal UCLA abutment were used. Two UCLA groups were fabricated in a similar pattern to cementation abutment. Type III gold alloy and Nickel-Chromium alloy was used for casting gold UCLA abutment and metal UCLA abutment, respectively. Fixture and abutment were tightened to 30 Ncm by using digital torque controller and re-tightening was conducted with same force after 10 minutes. Digital torque gauge was used to measure loosening torque and fixture/abutment length was measured by digital micrometer. Dynamic loads between 25 N and 250 N were applied with $0^{\circ}$ angle to the abutment axis. After loading, fixture/abutment length was re-measured and amount of settlement was calculated. Loosening torque value was also measured for comparison Results: All three groups showed significant differences of length when comparing before and after loading, but there was no significant difference of settling amount in all groups. Loosening torque values were significantly decreased when comparing before and after loading in all groups($P$<.05). However, there was no significant difference in loss of loosening torque values when compared to groups. Conclusion: In internal conical connection type implants, dynamic load affected on settlement and loosening torque of implant, but there was no differences between abutments materials. Likewise gold UCLA abutment, metal UCLA abutment might be able to withstand functional load.