• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.4642-4647
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• 2011

Solution for elastic foundation of plane strain state was derived by the application of variational method. Functions of the transverse distribution of the displacements for the analysis were chosen as linear functions. Loading conditions considered for the analysis were concentrated load and distributed load. Under the loading condition of the concentrated load, surface displacement was decreased drastically as the distance from the point of the loading increased. Under the loading condition of the distributed load, surface displacements were more uniformly distributed beneath the loading area when the ratio of the half of the loading width to the depth(B/H) of the compressible layer was greater. The surface displacement was more quickly converged from the edge of the loading area as the ratio(B/H) increased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.56-60
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• 1995

본 연구에서는 기존의 연구에서 다룬바 없는 분포하중의 경우에 대해 스펙트럴요소법을 적용하기 위해 1) 힘과 변위와의 관계를 이용하여 Bernoulli-Euler보와 1차원 Timoshenko-Mindlin평판에 대한 스펙트럴요소를 유도하고 2) 스펙트럴 요소법을 이용하여 분포하중을 받는 이들 구조물의 동적거동을 해석하고자 한다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.20-28
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• 1997

용접부에는 많은 취약조건들이 존재하며 파괴의 주 원인이 되고 있어 이들에 대한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 따라서, 현재 용접재료, 용접 조건 및 용접방법 등 을 개선함으로써 여러 방면에서 좋은 결과를 얻고 있다. 그러나 아직도 용접시의 열소 성변형과 구속조건에 따라 분포하는 잔류응력에 의한 피로균열거동에 대한 연구는 정확한 잔류응력 측정의 어려움으로 미흡한 상태이다. 특히 잔류응력의 측정기술과 반복하중에 의한 피로균열 진전시 잔류응력의 이완 등은 이들을 해석하는데 많은 어 려움을 주고 있다. 용접시 높은 열에 의한 재료의 팽창과 냉각시의 수축변형은 용접 부재에 인장 및 압축 잔류응력을 유발시키고, 인장잔류응력은 균열 진전될 때 잔류 응력은 오히려 균열을 지연시키기도 한다. 또한 잔류응력장에서 피로 균열이 진전될 때 잔류응력은 일반적으로 작용하중의 크기와 반복 수 그리고 균열 진전 등으로 인하 여 이완되고 재분포된다. 본 해설에서는 용접재의 피로거동중에 발생하는 잔류응력의 재분포 현상을 하중의 범위, 하중 반복수, 균열 진전의 영향으로 구분하여 각각의 영향에 대해서 기술하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.138-149
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• 2014

This study proposes an estimation method of strain distribution for multi-span steel beam structure under unspecific loading conditions. The estimation method in this paper employs the curve fitting using the least square method from measured strain data, not analytical method. To verify the proposed estimation method, a static loading test for multi-span steel beam on which distributed and concentrated loads act was conducted. The strain data for verification was measured by FBG sensors that have multiplexing technology. The analysis of the accuracy of strain estimation for distributed and concentrated loads and the errors by considering the number of measured points used in the estimation were conducted. In the maximum strain points, the strains could be estimated with the errors of 5.89% (loading step 1) and 6.26% (loading step 2). In case of decreasing the number of sensors, it was also confirmed that the errors increased (0.26~0.37%). Through the curve fitting method, it is possible to estimate the strain distribution (maximum strains and their locations) of multi-span beam for unspecific loads and go over the limit of the analytical estimation method which is suitable for specific distributed loads.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.125-134
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• 1998

최근에 수행된 일련의 철근콘크리트 슬래브 교량의 파괴시험의 결과 비록 교량의 노후화되었다 하더라도 내하력은 설계하중보다 더 크게 나타나고 있다. 본 연구에서는 철근콘크리트 슬래브 교량의 이런 높은 내하능력을 보이는 여러 가지 원인들 가운데 가장 큰 영향을 줄 것으로 예상되는 슬래브 교량의 하중분배거동에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 철근콘크리트 슬래브 교량의 윤하중분포폭에 영향을 미치는 주요 변수들에는 지간길이, 교량폭, 단부보, 하중형태 및 지점조건이 있다. 본 연구결과에 의하면 지간길이와 교폭에 따라 현행의 윤하중분포폭은 과소 혹은 과대 평가되고 있다. 이들 각 변수들에 대한 포괄적인 유한요소 해석과 분석을 통하여 철근콘크리트 슬래브 교량의 윤하중분포폭을 도출하였고 이들 결과들을 비선형 회귀분석을 통하여 슬래브 교량의 윤하중분포폭의 예측 및 설계식을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 윤하중분포폭의 식은 철근콘크리트 슬래브 교량의 보다 정확한 설계 및 합리적인 내하력 산정시 매우 효율적으로 사용될 것으로 사료된다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.3A
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• pp.189-197
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• 2009

In this study, truck weight data and load effects of single truck on bridges are analyzed for development of new vehicular load model of the reliability-based bridge design code. Rational load model and statistical properties of loads are important for developing reliability-based design code. In this study, truck weight data collected at four locations are used as well as data from four locations in other studies. Truck weight data are collected from WIM or BWIM system, which are known to give reliable data. Typical truck types, dimensions and axle weight distribution are determined. Probability distributions of upper 20% total truck weight are assumed as Extreme Type I and 100 years maximum truck weights are estimated by linear regression on the probability paper. The load effects of trucks having estimated maximum weights are analyzed for span length from 10 m to 200 m.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.549-556
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• 2002

주변이 Kinney의 정의에 따른 부분 고정도를 가지고 지지된 직4각형 평판이 부분 분포하중을 받고 있을 때의 안정해석을 유한 요소법으로 수행하였다. 수치해석에서 고려한 변수는 평판의 변장비 (=λ)와 부분 분포하중 작용폭 (=γ) 및 부분 고정도 (=f) 값이다. 여기서 특히 f=0.0 은 주변이 단순지지를 표시하고 f=1.0은 고정지지를 뜻하는데 수치해석에서는 f=0.0, 0.2, …, 1.0으로 변화시켰다. 유한 요소법으로 산정한 판의 좌굴계수 변화는 각각의 변장비에 대하여 나머지 두 개의 매개변수를 변랑으로 하는 대수 함수식으로 표시하였다. 제안한 대수식으로 추정한 임계하중치와 유한 요소법으로 산정한 임계하중치 간의 상관계수는 모든 변장비에 대하여 거의 단위치 (ρ=1.0)에 가까웁다. 따라서 제안한 대수 함수식은 구조 설계자들의 판 설계 및 안정 검토시에 유익한 자료로 이용될 수 있다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1035-1044
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• 2013

Because of the high specific stiffness and strength inherent in the sandwich structure composed of facesheet that resists in-plane loads and a core that resists out-of-plane loads, it is often used for large and light-weighted structures. However, inevitably the increased flexibility allows greater deformation-based disturbances in the structures. Thus, it is necessary to analyze the structural safety. To obtain more accurate analytical results, the input disturbances must more closely simulate real load conditions; to improve accuracy, non-linear elements such as gust effects were considered. In addition, the structural safety was analyzed for the iso-grid sandwich panel structure using fluid-structure interactions. For a more realistic simulation, flow velocity fields, which consider the effects of irregular gust fluctuation, were generated and the coupled field was analyzed by mapping the pressure and displacement.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.215-224
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• 2013

We clarified the background for establishment of vegetation by comparing the spatial distribution maps of vegetation and substrate on a gravel bar in the Bangtae stream located on Inje-gun of Gangwon-do, the central eastern Korea. The total vegetation coverage was higher in the interior and lower in the marginal parts of the gravel bar. Spatial distribution of vegetation on the longitudinal section of the gravel bar tended to be arranged in the order of shrub, subtree, and tree dominated vegetation types from the front (upstream) toward the rear (downstream) parts. Coverage of the herbaceous plants was higher in the central and rear parts and lower in the front and right parts of the gravel bar. Vegetation height was higher in the rear part and became lowered as move toward the front part. Substrate was distributed in the order of boulder, gravel, sand, and boulder from the front toward the rear parts. Ordination of stands based on vegetation data was arranged in the order of annual plant, perennial herb, shrub, and tree dominated vegetation as move from the right to the left parts on the axis I. Species richness was higher in the order of Pinus densiflora community, Phragmites japonica community, Salix gracilistyla community, Fraxinus rhynchophylla community, annual plant dominated vegetation, and Prunus padus for. padus community based on the species rank-abundance curve. The order based on the Shannon's index was some different; diversity of Phragmites japonica community and Salix gracilistyla community, which showed higher dominance degree, were low differently from species richness. In conclusion, it was evaluated that the gravel bar newly established toward the upstream and vegetation dynamics of the gravel bar seemed to follow ecosystem mechanisms of succession. As were shown in the above results, the Bangtae stream corresponded to the upstream and thereby particle size of substrate was big. Therefore, they move by rolling and are accumulated for the upstream. Vegetation types were arranged in the order of woodland, shrub-land and grassland from the rear toward the front parts of the gravel bar and thereby reflected the formation process of the bar. However, the gravel bar is disturbed frequently by not only the running water but also the suspended sand as the dynamic space. Such disturbances cause habitat diversity and consequently led to high biodiversity.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.349-352
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 변동하중 하에서의 균열 성장 예측을 위하여 손상 모델과 주어진 데이터에 기반하여 균열 성장 모델의 변수를 확률분포로 추정한다. 이를 위해 베이지안 접근법을 활용하여 불확실 변수 결합 확률 분포식을 구축하고, Markov Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)을 통해서 균열 성장 모델의 변수 샘플을 추출하였다. 여기서 추출된 샘플들을 균열 성장 모델에 적용, 균열 성장의 결과를 확률적인 분포로 예측하였다. 위와 같은 추정은 재료의 물성과 같은 변동성이 있는 변수를 모델에 적용하여, 결과값을 확률적인 분포로 예측하였다. 이것은 기존의 안전계수 개념보다 더욱 적절한 안전 기준을 제시 할 수 있다.