• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.126-135
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• 2008

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a highly lethal neoplasm arising in pleura and the peritoneum and a rapid and accurate diagnosis is crucial for treatment of the disease. However, the sensitivity of cytological analysis using pleural or ascitic fluid is relatively low, yielding an accurate diagnosis in only $32{\sim}79%$ of cases. We tested the diagnostic value of epigenetic alterations in body fluid cytology as a supplement to conventional methods. Paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 21 MM patients and associated body fluid cytology slides considered no evidence of malignancy were used to test for epigenetic alteration. Using methylation-specific PCR, we detected methylation of RASSF1A and p16 in 47.6% (10/21) of both surgically resected tumor samples, respectively. Body fluid samples of MM also showed abnormal methylation of RASSF1A and p16INK4a genes in 38.1% (8/21) and 33.3% (7/21) of cases. The concordance in the rates of RASSF1A and p16INK4a gene-methylation abnormalities determined from cytology samples and tissue samples were 61.9% (13/21) and 66.7% (14/21), respectively. Combining both genes increases the sensitivity of the test to 57.1 % (12 of 21) of cases. Our results suggest that testing for methylation abnormalities in selected individual genes or gene combinations has diagnostic value as an alternative or adjunct method to conventional cytological diagnosis.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2019

Background/Objectives: Despite multiple approaches of treatments for salivary duct carcinoma, there has been a need for more successful treatment methods because of its poor prognosis. Treatment options like immunotherapy using new technologies have been attempted. Based on recent study results indicating that targeting programmed death receptors are effective in treating various cancers, this study aimed to identify the frequency of PD-L1 expression and its impact on survival rate in salivary duct carcinoma. Materials & Methods: We studied 33 patients with salivary gland cancer who were available for histologic specimens. We examined the expression of PD-L1 in the tissues and analyzed the association with the survival rate and the association with various clinical parameters. Results: According to this study and review of similar studies, we discovered that the expression of PD-L1 in salivary duct carcinoma was lower than other types of cancers. The impact of PD-L1 on survival rate also showed inconsistency in salivary duct carcinoma. Conclusion: Immunotherapy by PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade in salivary duct carcinoma needs further evaluation for clinical application.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.248-255
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• 2021

This study confirmed the effects of improving lung damage of celecoxib using an animal model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). It was induced in models LPS + CSE and performed in vitro and in vivo. MTT assay and real-time PCR were performed in MRC5 cells as in vitro, and mRNA expression, BALF, collagen content, and protein expression were confirmed as in vivo. Celecoxib reduced the number of inflammatory cells, cytokine and soluble protein accumulation in BALF, decreased body weight and lung weight in animal models, and improved lung collagen deposition. In addition, the reduction of EMT markers was confirmed through Western blotting and real-time PCR. Consequently, celecoxib is thought to improve lung damage of COPD induced to LPS+CSE by regulating EMT.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.311-318
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• 2021

Research has been ongoing to detect ships from offshore photographs for a variety of reasons, including maritime security, identifying international trends, and social scientific research. Due to the development of artificial intelligence, R-CNN models for object detection in photographs and images have emerged, and the performance of object detection has risen dramatically. Ship detection in offshore photographs using the R-CNN model has also begun to apply to satellite photography. However, satellite images project large areas, so various objects such as vehicles, landforms, and buildings are sometimes recognized as ships. In this paper, we propose a novel methodology to improve the performance of ship detection in satellite photographs using R-CNN series models. We separate land and sea via marker-based watershed algorithm and perform morphology operations to specify RoI one more time, then detect vessels using R-CNN family models on specific RoI to reduce typology. Using this method, we could reduce the misdetection rate by 80% compared to using only the Fast R-CNN.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2023

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is an acute febrile disease that mainly involves histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis in children and young adults. Diagnosis of KFD is even more difficult if image-guided percutaneous biopsy is technically challenging. We present a case of clinically diagnosed KFD in an 11-year-old boy who presented with fever, abdominal pain, and mesenteric lymphadenopathy, resulting in a diagnostic challenge. Additionally, we conducted a systematic review, and our goal was to describe the spectrum of disease, therapy, and outcomes. We identified 15 cases of KFD with symptoms that mimicked mesenteric lymphadenitis. Reports from the Americas, Europe, and Asia were also included. Most patients were male, exhibited leukopenia and elevated inflammatory markers, and recovered without significant sequelae or complications. A high index of suspicion of KFD should be maintained in children presenting with prolonged fever and unusual manifestations, such as mesenteric lymphadenitis.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.54-54
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• 2020

지구온난화에 따라 농업부문 신재생에너지의 중요성이 증대되고 있으며, 화본과 식물은 바이오에너지작물의 중요한 소재를 제공하고 있다. 화본과 식물의 기내대량증식연구의 일환으로 홍띠식물의 기내 재생 식물체의 유전적 안정성에 대한 기초자료를 제공할 목적으로 기내배양으로 재분화시킨 홍띠(Imperata cylindrica 'Rubra') 재분화 식물체 중 녹색체 재생식물체를 대상으로 ISSR 표지를 사용하여 유전적 안정성을 조사하였다. 재분화식물체는 MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962)배지에 생장조절제를 첨가한 배지에서 배양하였다. 생장점 부위를 적출하여 캘러스를 유도하고(0.1 mg/L 2,4-D와 2 mg/L BA), 캘러스 증식(0.1 mg/L 2,4-D와 0.05 mg/L BA), 신초 재분화( 0.01 mg/L NAA와 2 mg/L BA) 후 MS배지에서 식물체를 양성하고 순화시켰다. 배양은 26±2℃, 25 µmol/m²/s, 14h/10h (day/night) 광조건 하에서 실시하였다. 재분화식물체는 홍띠 및 녹색 재분화식물체 2 종류로 나타났는데, 이는 생장점에서는 홍띠가 분화되었음에도 불구하고 생장점 주변조직에서 유래한 녹새체가 분화된 후 우세하게 자라서 녹색재생체가 우점하는 것으로 추정된다. ISSR 분석은 대조구로 모식물체 홍띠를(8개체), 재분화식물체는 녹색체 중, 1년간 노지포장에서 재배중인 녹색체(10개체)와 실험실내 화분에서 재배중인 시료를(10개체) 사용하였다. ISSR 밴드패턴을 비교한 결과, 재분화체는 실내포트 재배식물체 10.3%, 노지1년 재배식물체 8.3%로 대조구의 4.1%보다 유전적 다형성 비율이 2배 이상 높게 나타났다. 또한 재분화식물체들의 유전적 유사도를 평가하고 군집분석을 실시하였다.

• Journal of Studies in Bibliography
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• no.74
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• pp.261-310
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• 2018

This study attempted to introduce and analyze Baegcheonin-dalanigyeong(百千印陀羅尼經) which were recently confirmed among the golden manuscript in the Koryo Dynasty. The summary is as follows. (1) This is a book written in golden manuscript and it was manufactured by King Chunglyeol & Jegukdaejang-Princess in the 10th year of King Chongryeol's reign (1284). (2) This golden manuscript is written down on the blue paper(紺紙) with gold line border, has a scroll-form with a crystal axis on each end of it, and belongs to the part of the Scripture Tripitaka with the sign of "景". The text were formally written down in 17 letters in a line, however few 16 and 18 letters in one line were discovered. (3) The contents are consisted of following four scriptures in order; Baeg-cheon-in-dalanigyeong(百千印陀羅尼經), Gu-myeon-yeon-agwi-dalani-sinjugyeong (救面然餓鬼陁羅尼神呪經), Bul-seol- gam-lo-dalaniju (佛說甘露陁羅尼呪) 7 line and Jang-eom-wang-dalani-jugyeong (莊嚴王陁羅尼呪經), Hyang-wang-bosal-dalani-jugyeong (香王菩薩陁羅尼呪經). (4) There are unprecedented red signature and a stamp on the reverse side of the front page. The signature belongs to the King Chungryeol and it is the second name of him. The stamp shows 'Wonseongjeon(元成殿)' which is the Princess Jegukdaejang's original temple, and it could be the answer of the controversial debates about the original palace owner. (5) On the cover, there are a figure and floral pattern which seems to be made in the 13th century and the craftsman's name is '鄭(Zheng)[益迂(ig-u)]'. The figure's expression is similar to the other gold and silver manuscript version, but the postures and object hold in a hand are different. (6) Records of publications are similar to the other golden manuscripts, but showed some differences. In addition, the person who wrote this sutra is Choi jeong(崔楨), but the person is not confirmed in the historical data. Yet, it is presumed that he were in lower classes but had outstanding writing skills to be mobilized for the Scripture work. (7) The contents of '景' and four kinds of scriptures (including gamlosudalani(甘露水陁羅尼)) are included in the '景' of the 9th book sinjibjang-gyeong-eum-uisuhamlog (新集藏經音義隨函錄) and Bangsan-seoggyeong(房山石經). It is presumed that the narrative sequence of the scriptures corresponds to the order of The Khitan Tripitaka(契丹藏). In addition, these four types of scriptures are included in the "羔" of joseong-geumjang(趙成金藏), chojo Tripitaka(初雕大藏經), and jaejo Tripitaka(再雕大藏經) but the order of the scripture is recorded in reverse. In addition, this golden manuscript is a valuable data as it holds a lot of differentiator character and various sobriquet of Buddhist literature that can be utilized frequently in researches about Buddhist literature.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.116-124
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• 2011

Purpose: To establish accurate external quality assurance (EQA) test, cross institutional and modality tests were performed using WHO certificated reference material (CRM) and same pooled patients serum. Materials and Methods: Accuracy and precision were evaluated using CRM and pooled patients' serum for AFP, CEA, PSA, CA 125, CA 19-9, T3, T4, Tg, TSH. To evaluate the accuracy and precision, recover test and coefficient variation were measured. RIA test were performed in major 5 RIA laboratory and EIA (CLIA) test were done in 5 major EIA laboratory. same sample of CRM and pooled serum were delivered to each laboratory. Results: In 2009, mean precision of total tumor marker of RIA was $14.8{\pm}4.2%$ and that of EIA(CLIA) was $19.2{\pm}6.9%$. In 2010, mean precision of 5 tumor marker and T3, T4, Tg, TSH was $13.8{\pm}6.1%$ in RIA and $15.5{\pm}7.7%$ in EIA (CLIA). There was no significant difference between RIA and EIA. In RIA, the coefficient variations (CV) of AFP, CEA, PSA, CA 125, T3, T4, TSH were within 20%. The CV of CA 19-9 was over 20% but there was no significant difference with EIA (CLIA) (p=0.345). In recovery test using CRM, AFP, PSA, T4, TSH showed 92~103% of recovery in RIA. In recovery test using commercial material, CEA, CA 125, CA 19-9 showed relatively lower recovery than CRM but there was no significant difference between RIA and EIA (CLIA). Conclusion: By evaluating the precision and accuracy of each test, EQA test could more accurately measured the quality of each test and performance of laboratory.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.4
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• pp.565-572
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• 2001

The spatial genetic structure of Needle fir(Abies holophylla Max.) seedlings on forest gap within a Needle fir forest at Mt. Odae in Korea was analyzed on the basis of ISSR(inter-simple sequence repeats) marker analysis. The gap size was $1,500m^2(50m{\times}30m)$, and we sampled 416 one- or two-year-old seedlings by 2m intervals. Some trees at the upper crown layer except Needle firs and all trees at the middle and lower crown layers were removed, and Needle firs at the upper crown layer showed very weak growth strength or to be withering to death. The results of spatial autocorrelation using 31 polymorphic ISSR markers revealed that it was genetically homogeneous within spatial distance of 15.6m and the randomness of genetic distribution was from 15.6m to 31.2m. The genetic patch size of seedlings in forest gap might be restricted by the density of mother trees, making allow for the average height of adult Needle firs, the seed dispersal area, and the average distance between adults. For the directionality of seedling distribution, we investigated the variography using 'genetic configuration' which was the value of configuration in Multidimensional Scaling by genetic distance. In directional variogram, the increment of spatial distance from East to West direction was inversely proportional to genetic homogeneity. We presumed that this anisotrophy of seedling distribution at this forest gap resulted from the directionality of seed dispersal rather than the difference of fecundity between mother trees or the microhabitat variation, taking the evenness of forest floor condition, a vast seed production and the random distribution of seedlings at the studied site into consideration.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.287-300
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• 2005

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in head and neck show a variability in the response to chemotherapy, even when it present with similar histological tumor type, grade, and clinical stage. The purpose of present study it to identify predictive bio-marker for the sensitivity or resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic agents, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and Cisplatin Oral cancer cell lines were used in present study. MTT assay was performed to evaluate the sensitivity and/or resistance to 5-FU and Cisplatin. And RT-PCR was carried out for evaluation of the mRNA expressions of various genes associated with mutation, inflammation (COX pathway), cell cycle, senescence and extracellular matrix (ECM). The molecules which are correlated with the sensitivity to 5-FU are XPA, XPC, OGG, APEX, COX-2, PPAR, Cyclin E, Cyclin B1, CDC2, hTERT, hTR, TIMP-3, TIMP-4 and HSP47. And the molecules are correlated with the sensitivity to Cisplatin are COX-1, iNOS, eNOS, PCNA, collagen 1 and MMP-9. Taken together, when choosing the appropriate chemotherpeutic agents for patients, considering the molecules which are correlated or reversely correlated is helpful to choose the resonable agents for cancer patients.