• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.376-381
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• 2010

The structural strength tests are usually performed to evaluate the structural strength and to verify the structural design and analysis of the vehicle structures. In this paper, the development of a compressed loading type apparatus to load distributed force over the surface of vehicle structure subjected to external loads was described. This apparatus is for structural materials which are easily to fail because of concentrated stresses. This apparatus can apply loads to specimens without any damage on the test specimen's surfaces by using flexible membrane and can be applicable to several kinds of surface profile of structures. The structural strength tests for the flat structure and curved structure with this apparatus were successfully performed, and the test results showed that this type of loading apparatus can be adequate to verify the structural integrity of the fragile structures.

• 한국도로학회지:도로
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• v.5 no.4 s.18
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• pp.36-46
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• 2003

포장구조체에서 요구되는 강도를 갖게 하는 구조 설계의 방법은 경험적 절차부터 반역학적 절차까지 발전되어 왔다. 재생 가열아스팔트혼합물이 기존의 가열아스팔트혼합물(HMA)과 비교하여 비슷하거나 때에 따라 더 좋은 성능을 가져오므로, AASHTO설계지침서에서는 본질적으로 재생(recycled) HMA 재료와 신생(virgin) HMA 재료간의 차이가 없다고 기술하고 있으며, 기존 HMA 재료에 사용되는 덧씌우기설계법의 구조회복 분석방법(structural rehabilitation analysis method)을 재생포장설계에도 권장하고 있다. 재생 가열아스팔트의 설계를 위한 AASHTO 방법은 설계교통량, 교통량 및 수행능력예측의 신뢰수준, 공용기간, 그리고 포장상태 평가지수에 의하여 결정된 포장구조체에서 요구되는 포장두께지수(SN)에 기초한다. 포장두께지수(SN)는 포장층 두께, 상대강도계수, 각 층의 배수조건들의 곱의 조합으로서 나타내어질 수 있다. 덧씌우기로 간주될 수 있는 재생된 층의 포장두께지수(SN)는 기존 포장에서의 포장두께지수와 보강된 포장에서 요구되는 포장두께지수의 차이에 의하여 계산되어질 수 있다. 상대강도계수의 값은 AASHTO 설계지침에 명시되어 있다. AI 방법은 교통량, 노상의 회복탄성계수, 그리고 설계두께를 계산하기 위한 표층과 기층의 종류를 사용한다. 이 방법은 재생된 가열혼합물질과 기존의 가열혼합물질과는 거의 비슷한 성능을 나타낸다고 본다. 또다른 AI 방법에 의하면 재생된 층은 덧씌우기층이라고 간주하고, 현재의 포장두께와 요구되어지는 포장두께 사이의 차를 이용하여 재생될 층의 두께를 산정한다. 소요되는 덧씌우기 두께는 포장의 현장 상태지수(condition rating)와 각 종류에 따른 포장체와 포장재료가 아스팔트 콘크리트층의 등가두께로 전환되어 나타나는 방법에 근거하여 결정될 수 있다. 또 다른 방법은 포장체 각 층의 물성과 하중을 이용한 컴퓨터 프로그램에 의하여 산정된 하중-변형 응답에 의한 설계 방법을 포함한다. 이런 방법들에서는 포장체는 탄성이나 점탄성층 위에서 탄성이나 점탄성 거동을 보인다고 가정한다. 재생 상온혼합물에서의 AASHTO 설계 방법은 가열혼합물의 설계방법과 유사하다. 그러나, 재생 상온혼합물에서의 상대강도계수는 시공방법에 좌우되므로, 기술자의 판단을 근거로 하여 결정되어져야 한다. AI방법에서는 포장구조체를 다층탄성구조라고 보고, 노상의 강도와 설계 교통량을 근거로 요구되는 포장두께를 결정한다. 재생 상온혼합물 기층의 두께는 재생 상온혼합물 기충 위에서 가열아스팔혼합물에 대하여 산정된 덧씌우기 두께를 이용하여 결정할 수 있다. 아스팔트 표면의 재생은 기존 포장의 구조적 능력을 정상적으로 개선할 수 없으므로, 표면 재생의 두께를 설계하는 방법은 없다. 그러나, 임의의 덧씌우기 두께는 기존의 덧씌우기 설계법에 기초하여 산정 할 수 있다. 만약 덧씌우기가 승차감만을 개선시킨다고 여겨진다면, 혼합물에서 사용되어지는 최대 골재 크기에 기초한 최소 두께를 결정할 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.118-118
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• 2009

자동차의 경량화, 안전성 그리고 내식성 향상을 위하여 고강도 강판 및 도금 강판의 적용이 증가하면서 자동차 산업의 많은 부분에서 적용되는 저항 점용접에서도 고강도 강판과 도금강판의 적용이 증가하는 추세이다. 이에 따라 고강도 강판과 도금 강판의 낮은 용접성을 개선하기 위하여 기존의 단상 AC 용접기에서 전류 파형의 형태를 개선한 인버터 DC 용접기가 차체 조립라인에서 많이 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 고강도 강판의 저항 점용접의 연속타점 시 단상 AC용접기와 인버터 DC용접기의 전극의 연속타점 수명의 차이를 비교하고 분석하기 위해 590MPa 급 전기아연도금강판을 이용하여 AWS 규격에 연속타점실험을 기준으로 단상 AC 와 인버터 DC 용접기의 연속타점 실험을 실시하였다. 연속타점실험 중에 전극의 형상관찰을 위해 100타점 간격으로 carbon paper를 이용해 전극 직경 변화를 관찰 하였으며, 100 타점간격으로 동저항을 측정하고 인장 전단 시편과 Peel test 시편을 제작하여 연속타점 시 단상 AC와 인버터 DC 용접기의 저항 점용접 연속타점 수명을 비교 분석하였다. 그리고 연속타점 실험 후 사용된 전극의 표면과 단면 형상을 각각 OM, SEM, EDX로 분석하여 전극 표면의 Zn과 합금화 된 전극의 합금층을 분석하였다. 그 결과 590MPa급 전기아연도금강판의 저항 점용점 연속타점 수명평가에서 인버터 DC 용접기가 단상 AC 용접기보다 200타점 더 우수한 연속타점 수명을 보유하였다. 특히 인장강도 기준 측면에서는 인버터 DC 용접기의 전극 연속타점수명은 매우 우수하다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.400-413
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• 2016

The horizontal shear capacity when the flange of a steel girder is replaced with 80 MPa concrete is important for its structural safety. In this study, 6 specimens with different interface conditions were designed and fabricated based on the Limit State Design Code on Korean Highway Bridges and static tests were performed to measure the horizontal shear capacity. Not only the resistance factors of the stud shear connector, concrete and reinforcement, but also the surface conditions of the casing concrete and spacing of the horizontal shear reinforcements were used as the experimental variables. The experiments showed that the interfaces between the steel girder and the concrete flange have stronger joint performance than those between the concrete flange and deck slab. To ensure the composite action in the plastic zone, the conservative horizontal shear reinforcement is more important than the roughness in the concrete face.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.219-225
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• 2010

The bonding strength between titanium and ceramic were analyzed according to the bonding agent and the coating methods of Au and TiN respectively. The bonding strength was measured through the 3 point bending test. Consequently, the bonding strength of the special bonding agent after the TiN coated (SPTB) group was $72.20({\pm}5.25)MPa$ which was the strongest one among groups. The bonding strength of the special bonding agent treated only (SPB) group was $67.66({\pm}12.10)MPa$, the special bonding agent after the Au coating SPGB group was $46.95({\pm}12.48)MPa$ and the SP group was $43.80({\pm}5.12)MPa$. Taking these results into account, the bonding strength of the SPB group shows the same as it of the SPTB group, however, it is stronger than SP group. And the TiN coated SPTB group shows the stronger bonding strength than the Au coated SPGB group.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.31-38
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• 2013

This study carried out fundamental study on the forest road pavement method of cementing the ground using the compaction equipment after laying by mixing with eco-friendly stabilizer, natural soil and water. Target strength of pavement was set to 2.0MPa and the specimen was produced per mixing ratio of cement, kinds of natural soil and curing period to evaluate the durability and unconfined compressive strength. Unconfined compressive strength test was conducted to compare strength by producing the test specimen mixing environment-friendly cement as well as the test specimen mixing cement with the same mixing ratio. To evaluate the durability, surface abrasion test and water flow resistance test were conducted. In addition, SB and GB tests were conducted using iron marble and golf ball to evaluate the walking satisfaction since it can be used by visitors due to the feature of forest road.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.284-292
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• 2014

Polymer has low mechanical strength than metal. In particular, the impact strength is very weak. Impact modifier reinforced polymers are frequently used. Impact strength of reinforced polymer is changed according to content and distribution of impact modifier. In this study, izod impact test has been simulated to analyze the mechanism of impact modifier reinforced Nylon 6. Computational results were compared for numbers and distributions of impact modifier. As the total volume of rubber particles decreased, the stress at the notch increased for the simulation model that the volume decreases as particle number increases. As the surface area of particle sphere increased, the stress and difference of principle stress increased for the simulation model that the total surface increases as particle number increases.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.477-482
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the microshear bond strength (uSBS) to enamel prepared with different burs and to determine what type of bur were chosen when a self-etching primer adhesive was used. Materials and Methods: Enamel of forty-two human molars were used. They were divided into one of six groups (n = 7), Group 1, coarse (125 - 150 ${\mu}m$) diamond bur; Group 2, standard (106 - 125 ${\mu}m$) diamond bur; Group 3, fine (53 - 63 ${\mu}m$) diamond bur; Group 4, extrafine (20 - 30 ${\mu}m$) diamond bur; Group 5, plaincut carbide bur (no. 245); Group 6, cross-cut carbide bur (no. 557). Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil AP-X (Kuraray Medical Inc.) was bonded to enamel surface. The bonded specimens were subjected to uSBS testing. Results: The uSBS of Group 4 was the highest among groups and it was significantly higher than that of Groups 1, 2, 3, and 6 (p < 0.05), but it was not significantly different from that of Group 5. Conclusions: Different burs used on enamel surface affected the microshear bond strengths of a self-etching primer adhesive to the enamel surface. In the case of Clearfil SE Bond, extrafine diamond and plain-cut carbide bur are recommended for bonding to enamel.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.25 no.5 s.52
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• pp.605-611
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of time on shear bond strengths of a light-cured glass ionomer cement and chemically cured resin cement to enamel, and to observe the failure patterns of bracket bondings. Shear bond strength of a light-cured glass ionomer cement were compared with that of a resin cement. Metal brackets were bonded on the extracted human bicuspids. Specimens were subjected to a shear load(in an Instron machine) after storage at room temperature for 5 and 15 minutes; after storage in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$ for 1 or 35 days. The deboned specimens were measured In respect of adhesive remnant index. The data were evaluated and tested by ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, and t-test, and those results were as follows. 1. The shear bond strength of light-cured glass ionomer cement is higher than that of resin cement at 5 and 15 minutes. 2. The shear bond strengths of both light-cured glass ionomer cement and resin cement increase with time. There was no significant difference in those of both 1 day group and 35 day group 3. Light-cured glass ionomer cement is suitable as orthodontic bracket adhesives

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2017

We investigated effect of Zn content on shear strengh of Sn-0.7Cu-xZn and OSP surface finished solder joints. Five pastes of Sn-0.7Cu-xZn (x=0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 wt.%) solders were fabricated by mixing of solder powder and flux using planatary mixer. $180{\mu}m$ diameter solder balls were formed on OSP surface finished Cu electrodes by screen print method, and the reflow process was performed. The shear strength was evaluated with two high shear speeds; 0.01 and 0.1 m/s. The thickness of the intermetallic compound(IMC) layer was decreased with increasing Zn content in Sn-0.7Cu-xZn solder. The highest shear strength was 3.47 N at the Zn content of 0.5 wt.%. As a whole, the shear strength at condition of 0.1 m/s was higher than that of 0.01 m/s because of impact stress. Fracture energies were calculated by F-x (Force-displacement) curve during high speed shear test and the tendency of fracture energy and that of shear strength were good agreement each other. Fracture took place within solder matrix at lower Zn content, and fracture occured near the interface of OSP surface finished Cu electrode and solder at higher Zn content.