• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.529-538
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• 2016

The simplified plate theory is presented for static and free vibration analysis of power-law(P) and sigmoid(S) Functionally Graded Materials(FGM) plates. This theory considers the parabolic distribution of the transverse shear stress, and satisfies the condition that requires the transverse shear stress to be zero on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate, without the shear correction factor. The simplified plate theory uses only four unknown variables and shares strong similarities with classical plate theory(CPT) in many aspects such as stress-resultant expressions, equation of motion and boundary conditions. The material properties of the plate are assumed to vary according to the power-law and sigmoid distributions of the volume fractions of the constituents. The Hamilton's principle is used to derive the equations of motion and Winkler-Pasternak elastic foundation model is employed. The results of static and dynamic responses for a simply supported FGM plate are calculated and a comparative analysis is carried out. The results of the comparative analysis with the solutions of references show relevant and accurate results for static and free vibration problems of FGM plates. Analytical solutions for the static and free vibration problems are presented so as to reveal the effects of the power law index, elastic foundation parameter, and side-to-thickness ratio.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.189-195
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• 2002

This paper deals with the free vibration of horizontally curved beams with transition currie. Based on the dynamic equilibrium equations of a curved beam element subjected to the stress resultants and inertia forces, the governing differential equations are derived for the out-of-plane vibration of curved beam with variable curvature. These equations are applied to the beam having transition curve in which the clothiod curve is chosen in this study. The differential equations are solved by the numerical methods lot calculating the natural frequencies and mode shapes. For verifying theories developed herein, the frequency parameters obtained from this studs and ADINA are compared with each other. As the numerical results, the various parametric studies effecting on natural frequencies are investigated and those results are presented in tables and figures.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.1059-1070
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• 2005

For genetic algorithms, the population may get stuck in a local optimum. The population can escape from this after a long duration. This phenomenon is called punctuated equilibrium. The punctuated equilibria observed in nature and computational ecosystems are known to be well described by diffusion equations. In this paper, simple genetic algorithms are theoretically analyzed to show that they can also be described by a diffusion equation. When fitness is the function of unitation, this analysis can be further refined to make the parameters of genetic algorithms appear in this equation. Using theoretical results on the diffusion equation, the duration of equilibrium is shown to be exponential of such parameters as population size, 1/(mutation probability), and potential barrier. This is corroborated by simulation results for bistable potential landscapes with one local optimum and one global optimum.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.675-691
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• 2002

The focus of this work is on the development of large-scale numerical optimization methods for optimal control of steady incompressible Navier-Stokes flows. The control is affected by the suction or injection of fluid on portions of the boundary, and the objective function of fluid on portions of the boundary, and the objective function represents the rate at which energy is dissipated in the fluid. We develop reduced Hessian sequential quadratic programming. Both quasi-Newton and Newton variants are developed and compared to the approach of eliminating the flow equations and variables, which is effectively the generalized reduced gradient method. Optimal control problems we solved for two-dimensional flow around a cylinder. The examples demonstrate at least an order-of-magnitude reduction in time taken, allowing the optimal solution of flow control problems in as little as half an hour on a desktop workstation.

• Computational Structural Engineering
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.205-216
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• 1997

In order to trace the lateral post-buckling behaviors of thin-wafled space frames, a geometrically nonlinear finite element formulation is presented by applying incremental equilibrium equations based on the updated Lagrangian formulation and introducing Vlasov's assumption. The improved displacement field for symmetric thin-walled cross sections is introduced based on inclusion of second order terms of finite rotations, and the potential energy corresponding to the semitangential rotations and moments is consistently derived. For finite element analysis, tangent stiffness matrices of the thinwalled space frame element with 7 degrees of freedom including the restrained warping for each node are derived by using the Hermition polynomials as shape functions. A co-rotational formulation in order to evaluate the unbalanced loads is presented by separating the rigid body rotations and pure deformations from incremental displacements and evaluating the updated direction cosines of the frame element due to rigid body rotations and incremental member forces from pure deformations. Finite element solutions for the spatial buckling and post-buckling analysis of thin-walled space frames are presented and compared with available solutions and other researcher's results.

• Computational Structural Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.201-211
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• 1997

A clearly consistent finite element formulation for geometrically non-linear analysis of space frames is presented by applying incremental equilibrium equations based on the updated Lagrangian formulation and introducing Vlasov's assumption. The improved displacement field for symmetric cross sections is introduced based on inclusion of second order terms of finite rotations, and the potential energy corresponding to the semitangential rotations and moments is consistently derived. For finite element analysis, elastic and geometric stiffness matrices of the space frame element are derived by using the Hermitian polynomials as shape functions. A co-rotational formulation in order to evaluate the unbalanced loads is presented by separating the rigid body rotations and pure deformations from incremental displacements and evaluating the updated direction cosines of the frame element due to rigid body rotations and incremental member forces from pure deformaions. Finite element solutions for the spatial buckling and post-buckling analysis of space frames are compared with available solutions and other researcher's results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.983-986
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• 2005

Free vibration characteristics of a curved pipe conveying fluid is studied when the pipe is clamped at both ends. Using the perturbation method, the non-linear governing equations divided into two parts; the steady state non-linear equilibrium equations and the linearized equations of motion in the neighborhood of the equilibrium position. The natural frequencies are computed from the linearized equations of motion. In this study, the equilibrium positions are determined by two types of equations, i.e., (1) the non-linear equations, and (2) the equations obtained by neglecting the non-linear terms. The natural frequencies obtained from the non-linear equilibrium equations are compared to those obtained from the linearized equilibrium equations. From the results, as the fluid velocity increases, the equilibrium position should be determined from the nonlinear equations for the vibration analysis of the curved pipe conveying fluid.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.121-132
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• 1989

유한요소법을 바탕으로 한 프리스트레스트 콘크리트 평면 보-기둥 구조의 후좌굴 거동에 대한 수직해석법을 제시하였다. 콘크리트의 균열, 변형연화 및 PS강재의 항복과 같은 재료 비선형성을 고려하였다. 좌굴 거동 연구에 필수적 요소인 기하학적 비선형성을 Updated Lagraugian Formulation에 의하여고려하였다. 현재의 재료성질 및 변형상태에 부합하는 단분형 평형방정식을 수립하고 이것을 불평형 가중보정에 의한 Newton-Raphson 반복법으로 푼다. 좌굴후 발생하는 하중변형 곡선의 하련부는 비선형 평형 방정식의 해법중 일반적으로 많이 사용되는 가중 단분법이 아니라 변위단분법을 사용함으로써 올바르게 추적한다. 요소내의 재료성질변화는 층적분법에 의하여 고려한다. 본 논문에서는 콘크리트 균열에 의한 중립축이동의 영향을 정확히 고려하기 위하여 추가적으로 축방향변위에 대한 내부자유도를 설정하였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법의 정당성과 응용성을 나타내 보일 수 있는 수직해석 예제를 제시하였다.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.189-196
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• 1997

본 연구에서는 유한요소법을 이용한 콘크리트 인장균열의 발생 및 전파양상을 모형화하기 위하여 분산균열(smeared crack) 모델의 일종인 2차원 균질화된 균열(homogenized crack)모형을 제안하였다. 제안한 모형은 인장균열면을 따라 속도 불연속계(velocity discontinuity)를 도입하고 평형방정식 빛 적합방정식을 이용하여 인장균열을 포함한 콘크리트의 구성방정식을 유도할 수 있으며 인장균열이 소성연화거동을 하는 경우. 유한요소망내에서 객관성이 유지될 수 있음을 밝히기 위하여 1차원 영역내에서 엄밀해를 유도하였다. 제안한 모형을 이용한 1차원 또는 2차원 유한요소 해석은 기존의 노치를 포함한 콘크리트 시편에 대한 실험과 상응하는 결과를 보였을 뿐만 아니라 유한요소망의 객관성이 유지되고 있음을 밝혔다. 제안한 모형은 큰 어려움없이 3차원 영역으로 확대할 수 있을 것이며 이에 대한 추가적인 연구가 계속될 것이다.

• The Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 1987

백열등의 POWER 평형 방정식을 통한 동작중의 필라멘트 온도와 광속 그리고 수명을 예측할 수 있는 이론이 제시되었다. POWER 평형 방정식을 설정함으로써 백열등 시스템을 모형화 하고, 방정식을 풀므로써 예측할 수 있는 형식으로 예측이론은 구성되었다. 가정용 110V전구에 대해 실측치와 비교해 본 결과, 충분한 타당성이 있음이 입증되었다. 본 이론의 정확한 예측성은 백열등을 해석, 이해하는 데 열쇠가 되는 제특성치를 제공할 수 있었는데 아직 생산단계에 있지 않은 크립톤가스등의 특성치도 추정할 수 있었다. 또 하나의 유용성은 백열등 설계를 위한 제 매개변수간의 관계식을 본 이론으로부터 도출하여 기존의 경험에만 의존하는 설계법을 보완하고 새로운 설계시 최적설계치를 선정할 수 있다는 점에 있다.