• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.9B
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• pp.811-820
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• 2006

In this paper, The correlation of the power consumption of sensor node is analyzed according to the analyze parameter in IEEE 802.15.4 star sensor network. And It is studied the influence on analysis parameter. The power consumption of sensor network in transmission process and average transmission power consumption drives to numerical formula. And CSEM WiseNET system measurement value is used. As a simulation result, The power consumption of sensor node in star network consist of 10 sensor nodes is more than 20 % that in single network in average. When beacon signal interval is 0.1 second in all frequency bands, the power consumption of sensor node in up-link is more than 2.5 times that in down-link in average. When beacon signal interval is 1 second and the number of sensor nodes increases to 100 and sensing data increases to 100 byte, the power consumption of sensor node increases to 2.3 times. And The superior performance of 2.4 GHz frequency band has than 868/915 MHz frequency band up to $6{\sim}12$ times.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.227-236
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• 2006

The fractal dimension is a quantitative parameter describing the characteristics of irregular time series. In this study, we use this parameter to analyze the irregular aspects of solar activity and to predict the maximum sunspot number in the following solar cycle by examining time series of the sunspot number. For this, we considered the daily sunspot number since 1850 from SIDC (Solar Influences Data analysis Center) and then estimated cycle variation of the fractal dimension by using Higuchi's method. We examined the relationship between this fractal dimension and the maximum monthly sunspot number in each solar cycle. As a result, we found that there is a strong inverse relationship between the fractal dimension and the maximum monthly sunspot number. By using this relation we predicted the maximum sunspot number in the solar cycle from the fractal dimension of the sunspot numbers during the solar activity increasing phase. The successful prediction is proven by a good correlation (r=0.89) between the observed and predicted maximum sunspot numbers in the solar cycles.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2003

In this paper we examine several methods tor calculating the reflection of irregular waves from a perforated-wall caisson breakwater using a regular wave model. The first method is to approximate the irregular waves as a regular wave whose height and period are the same as the root-mean-squared wave height and significant wave period, respectively, of the irregular waves. The second is to use the regular wave model, repeatedly, for each frequency component of the irregular wave spectrum. The wave period is determined according to the frequency of the component wave, and the root-mean-squared wave height is used for all the frequencies. The third method is the same as the second one except that the wave height corresponding to the energy of each component wave is used. Comparison with experimental data from previous authors shows the second method is the most adequate, giving reasonable agreement in both frequency-averaged reflection coefficients and reflected wave spectra.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.84-94
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• 2023

The wave height and period regression curve is widely used to estimate the design wave period. In this study, the parameters of the curves are estimated, compared, and evaluated using the linear, robust linear, and nonlinear regression methods, respectively. The data used in the design wave height estimation are the annual maxima (AM) wave height and period data sets divided by typhoon and non-typhoon conditions, provided by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (2019). The estimation parameters show significant differences in the local coastal waters and the estimation methods. The estimation parameters based on the Suh et al. (2008, 2010) method show the apparent bias, under-estimation in the intercept (scale) parameter, and over-estimation in the slope (exponent) parameter, respectively.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.11b
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• pp.249-251
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• 2005

전력 산업구조개편으로 인하여 전력회사의 민영화가 진행됨에 따라 전력회사에서는 한정된 예산으로 배전계통을 운영함으로써 유지보수를 위한 충분한 여유가 없어지게 될 것이다. 이러한 환경에서 한정된 비용으로 계통의 신뢰도를 일정 수준 이상으로 유지해야만 하는 문제에 직면하게 되며, 이는 매우 어려운 일이다. 이를 위해서는 최소의 비용으로 최대의 유지보수 효과를 낼 수 있는 방법을 개발해야 하며, 최적의 유지보수 주기를 찾는 것이 중요한 문제라 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이런 문제론 해결하기 위해, 유지보수 기기 선정 및 유지보수 주기를 결정하는데 있어 검증된 기법인 Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) 기법을 이용하였다. 배전계통 기기의 유지보수에 있어서 Four-state Markov 모델을 이용하여 기기의 유지보수에 드는 비용과 기기의 고장에 의한 정전비용 사이의 trade-off를 고려하여 총 비용이 최소가 되는 최적의 유지보수 주기를 찾고자 한다. 이를 위하여 기존의 모델에서 평균고장률(mean failure rate)을 사용한 것과는 달리 시변 고장률(time-varying failure rate)을 적용하였으며, 또한 유지보수에 따른 고장률의 감소도 고려함으로써 최적의 유지보수 주기를 결정할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.104-107
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• 2021

전 세계적으로 건조한 지역이 늘어남에 따라 산불 발생 빈도가 증가하고 있다. 이에 대한 대안으로 센서를 이용한 산불 감지 시스템의 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 기존의 서버가 센서의 작동시간 설정값을 보내는 방식은 산불 발생 빈도가 높은 환경에서는 산불 감지가 늦어지고 산불 발생 빈도가 낮은 환경에서는 불필요한 산불 감지로 센서의 생명주기 낮아지는 비효율적인 면이 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 센서 기반 산불 감지 시스템을 위한 향상된 센싱 주기 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 센싱 주기 기법은 환경 요인, 센서의 작동시간 알고리즘을 이용하여 환경에 맞는 센서의 작동시간 설정값을 결정한다. 그 후 센서의 화재 감지 알고리즘을 통해 센서는 서버로부터 설정값을 받아 운용모드로 전환하여 화재상황이 났을 시에 서버로 메세지를 보낸 후 생명주기를 위해 저전력모드로 전환한다. 성능평가를 통해 기존의 방식보다 평균 18.1분 빠르게 화재상황을 감지할 수 있고 소모전력도 2.2mA만큼 낮았다. 향우 실제 화재환경에서의 성능평가가 필요하다.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.653-659
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• 2005

When emulsion is irradiated by a microwave, the energy absorbed by the emulsion is proportional to irradiation time. In case of a long exposure, the temperature of emulsion rises, its viscosity decrease, and subsequently increase the rate of demulsification. In this work, in order to improve demulsification rate, the studies on demusification and the Sauter mean diameter ($D_{32}$) for each microwaved emulsion with different irradiation mode(continuous, pulsative, and periodical irradiation) have been carried out. When the 30% W/O emulsion (sample #1) was irradiated for 600 sec and settled for 24 h, oil recovery rates from continuous, pulsative, and periodical microwave irradiation were 60.0%, 62.3%, and 96.2%, and the amounts of separated water were 26.5%, 35.0%, and 93.9%, respectively. Also, the Sauter mean diameters ($D_{32}$) were $47.183{\mu}m$, $111.547{\mu}m$, and $220.476{\mu}m$, respectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.209-216
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• 2008

In order to find phenological change of butterflies due to global warming, we analyzed weekly monitoring data of butterfly at Gwangneung forest in 1958 and 2004. It was tested whether the timing of first flight and mean flight of butterflies in 2004 became earlier due to global warming compared with those in 1958 and whether the duration of flight period became longer. No significant difference was found in timing of first flight and in duration of flight period between 1958 and 2004. Furthermore, species showing delayed timing of mean flight was more abundant than species showing earlier timing of mean flight. Hence, the results do not confirm the predicted changes of phonology due to global warming. We discussed reasons on the non-apparent phenological changes despite the increase of temperature, and the problems and solutions in butterfly study on Korean butterfly fauna in utilization of butterflies as indicator for global warming.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1245-1249
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 우리나라 수문기상인자의 특성변화 분석의 필요성을 지각하여 국내 기상관측소 중 관측년수가 30년 이상인 관측소 63개 지점에 대한 수문기상인자 중 연평균기온, 연평균상대습도, 연강수량, 연증발량, 연일조시간, 연강수계속시간, 연강수일수, 연적설일수, 연신적설일수 등의 자료를 수집하고 기본통계량에 해당하는 평균, 표준편차, 왜곡도, 변동계수를 통하여 수문기상인자의 경년적 변화를 파악하였다. 또한 각종 통계학적 기법을 이용하여 이들 수문기상인자의 경향성, 주기성, 변동성 등을 분석하였으며, 그 결과는 우리 나라를 대표할 수 있는 서울지점을 중심으로 정리하였다. 기본통계량을 분석한 결과 연강수량, 연강수일수, 연강수계속시간의 표준편차와 변동계수가 다른 수문기상인자 비해 상대적으로 큰 것으로 나타나 강수관련 인자들의 경년별 변화가 두드러짐을 알 수 있다. 또한 선형회귀분석과 5년 이동평균 결과 연강수량과 연평균기온은 증가, 연평균상대습도, 연일조시간, 연강수일수, 연증발량은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. Mann-Whitney Test, Wald-Wolfowitz Test, Hotelling-Pabst Test, Wavelet Method와 같은 통계학적기법으로 동질성, 독립성, 검정, 경향성 검정을 수행한 결과 연강수량, 연증발량, 연강수계속시간, 연강수일수, 연적설일수, 연신적설 일수 인자가 각각의 검정에서 동질성 및 독립성을 보였고, 경향성 검정에서는 연평균기온, 연평균상대습도, 연적설일수 인자가 신뢰수준 내에서 유의함을 보였고, 주기성 검정결과 본 연구에 채택한 9개의 수문기상인자들의 연속된 주기성은 나타나지 않았다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.141-146
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• 2003

Time seres of suspended sediment concentration, surface elevation and velocity were measured and analysed to investigate the role of waves and the predominance of infra-gravity wave component for sediment suspension phenomena in the surf zone. For the investigation in detail, we adopted the cross spectral analysis method between sediment concentration and the characteristic values of wave, and ensemble average analysis method about long-period wave component, which is dominant to sediment suspension in the measurement point. The obtained results are summarized as follows: 1) The relationship between sediment concentration and the characteristic values of wave is stronger for the long-period standing wave components(about 60s and 30s) than the long wave components(about 100s), which have the most energetic power, 2) and also, it is cleared that sediment concentration is increased in the case of the phase, the velocity components of the first mode long-period standing wave(60sec) were accelerated toward on-shore direction, that is, the water surface in offshore side is higher than on-shore side.