• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.54-61
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• 2016

Purpose Precocious Puberty is defined as the development of secondary sexual characteristics in girls younger than 8 years, and boys 9 years. Cause premature closure of the epiphysis is a disease that eventually decreases the final adult height. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the diagnostic difference the GnRH (Gonado-tropin-releasing Hormone) stimulation test results with medical records of precocious puberty in girls. Materials and Methods From February 2015 to December 2015 it was enrolled in the girls 118 people who visited the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Pediatrics, Endocrinology Internal Medicine. True precocious puberty group (n=57), early puberty group (n=39), were divided into Premature thelarche (n=22) group. A Tanner stage, chronological age, bone age, height, body weight for each group was determined by examining the mean${\pm}$standard deviation. GnRH test result was compared LH (Basal, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min), FSH (Basal, 30 min, 60 min) for each group, Each group LH, FSH Peak value distribution, the mean${\pm}$standard deviation was calculated for the peak LH/LH basal ratio, peak LH/Peak FSH ratio. The significance probability (P-value) between the value of each third group was determined. Results The average height of the true precocious puberty group $131{\pm}14.85$, the mean weight was $28.80{\pm}4.93$, the average chronological age $7.1{\pm}0.81$, the mean bone age was $9.9{\pm}0.9$, The average height of early puberty group was $134{\pm}5.10$, the average weight $28.50{\pm}4.43$, the average chronological age $8.05{\pm}0.03$, the mean bone age was $10.0{\pm}0.62$, The average height of Premature thelarche $129{\pm}6,01$, the average weight was $28.65{\pm}5.98$, the average chronological age $7.02{\pm}0.58$, the mean bone age was $8.04{\pm}1.29$. There was no significant difference when compared to the height and weight. There was a significant difference between the groups in the chronologic age and bone age difference (P <0.0002) True precocious puberty group showed peak LH levels at 30'(82.5%), 45'(12.3%), 60'(5.3%), in Peak FSH 30'(8.8%), 60'(91.2%). Early Puberty group showed high values in Peak LH at 30'(79.5%), 45'(17.9%), 60'(2.6%), in peak FSH levels at 30'(7.7%), 60'(92.32%). In Premature thelarche Group it showed the Peak LH levels at 30'(30%), 45'(59%), 60'(9.09%), Peak FSH levels at 30'(0%) 60'(100%). When compared with the The Peak LH/basal LH ratio, True precocious puberty group was $19.09{\pm}17.15$, early puberty group was $15.23{\pm}10.88$, Premature thelarche group showed significant differences between the three groups as $4.93{\pm}4.36$.(P <0.0001) LH Peak/FSH Peak ratio, true precocious puberty group was $1.222{\pm}0.77$, early puberty group was $1.34{\pm}1.23$, Premature thelarche group showed significant differences between the three groups as $0.3{\pm}0.09$(P <0.0001) Conclusion In order to diagnose the true precocious puberty have a diagnostic value when the LH peak after GnRH stimulation is increased by more than two to three times compared to baseline or a predetermined level or more than 5~10 IU/L increases. GnRH Test is a test for a long time and the patient discomfort due to repeated blood sampling, but the hypothalamus-pituitary gland- gonad axis activity evaluate and is the most basic accurate test in the differential diagnosis of precocious puberty disorders.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.191-196
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• 2005

Purpose : Short stature is one of the characteristic features of Turner syndrome. We investigated the factors affecting final adult height(FAH) in patients with Turner syndrome. Methods : The study group was comprised of 60 patients who were diagnosed with Turner syndrome by chromosomal study and clinical phenotypes and attained FAH. Data were obtained from retrospective review of the medical records. We analyzed the factors influencing FAH in growth hormone(GH) treated and GH untreated groups. Results : Sixty patients were enrolled; 48 patients received GH treatment, and 12 patients did not. Mean duration of GH treatment was 35.8 months(range 4 to 120 months), and mean dosage of GH was $0.8{\pm}0.2IU/kg/wk$ in GH treated group. Mean growth velocity was $5.6{\pm}2.0cm/yr$, which was significantly higher than that during pretreatment period. In the GH treated group, mean chronological age, bone age, mean height, and height standard deviation(SD) score at GH treatment were $12.2{\pm}2.7yr$ $10.3{\pm}2.5yr$ $127.5{\pm}10.1cm$ and $-3.1{\pm}1.1$, respectively. In the GH treated group, the mean FAH and SD score of FAH were $146.9{\pm}5.8cm$ and $-2.7{\pm}1.2$, respectively, which showed significant differences compared with those of the GH untreated group. Analyzing the factors affecting FAH in GH-treated patients, only the SD score of height at the time of treatment was significantly related to FAH. Conclusion : GH treatment leads to an increment in FAH in patients with Turner syndrome. Average FAH gain was as much as 5.8 cm. SD score of height at the time of GH treatment was the only factor influencing FAH.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.63-67
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to develop more effective dental health education program and to reduce the occurrence of dental diseases among industrial men-workers in Korea. The questionaire and dental examination were given to 782 industrial men-workers who visited Asan Medical Center for the purpose of health examinations in 2000. The obtained results were as follows; 1. According to the results of logistic regression analysis, both ages (especially under 30's: P=0.027) and monthly incomes (especially under 1,000,000 won: P=0.000) show negative relationships with the occurrence of dental caries. 2. As the results of logistic regression analysis, ages shows positive relationship and monthly incomes shows negative relationship (only under 1,000,000 won: P=0.059) with the occurrence of missing teeth. 3. According to the results of logistic regression analysis of periodontal disease, the model shows no significance (P=0.117). 4. As the results of logistic regression analysis, both monthly incomes and ages show positive relationships with the occurrence of abrasion.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to statistically investigate the changes in mean differences of the vascular age types and index, heart beating, vessel elasticity, diastolic reserves contents measured by the fingertip plethysmogram before and after the subjects (49 people) visit the Gotjawal forest for two hours. While there is no significant change in the mean differences of vascular age types and index, heart beating, diastolic reserves contents in the control group before and after the visit, the differences in the test groups gets higher than the control group and shows a significant difference. Moreover, the variance analyses of the mean values of the contents shows a significant change after the visit. There is no significant change in the values of vessel elasticity changes between the groups after the visit, but the change of values is significant in the within group, and it is not significant between group by variance analysis. The differences of the heart beating was insignificant in the within group, but significant between group after the visit. In conclusion this study proves the effects of forest bathing, because the HRV index significantly improved after the bathing. Therefore the b-c-d-e/a ratio may be useful for evaluation of HRV.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.7
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• pp.615-621
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• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate the change of nutritional status and to analyze related factors in hospitalized tuberculosis (TB) patients during their hospitalization. The subjects were 398 men patients (mean age: 47.3 ${\pm}$ 14.4 y) who had hospitalized more than 3 months at TB hospital located in Seoul. The anthropometric and blood biochemical indices were measured, and dietary intakes were assessed. At the time of admission the body weight of subjects was about 76% of the average body weight of Korean men with same age, Body mass index (BMI) of subjects was 18.5 kg/$m^2$, and 53.8% of subjects were under weight status. Average level of blood hemoglobin and hematocrit of subjects was lower than the normal value. After 3 months of hospitalization period, the body weight and body mass index were significantly increased compared to admission by 3.9 kg (7.41%) and 1.4 kg/$m^2$ (7.61%)(p < 0.001), respectively. Blood levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, albumin, and total protein were also significantly increased after 3 months of hospitalization period compared to admission (p < 0.001). The increment in the body weight and blood indices was significantly higher in below 29 years group than over 60 years group (p < 0.05). The increment in the body weight and body mass index was significantly higher in the under-body weight group compared to the normal-body weight group (p < 0.05). In conclusion the body weight and body mass index of subjects were significantly increased after 3 months of hospitalization period, and the age and body weight of subjects at admission were supposed to influence the degree of change in the nutritional status.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 1999

The corneal power and eye refraction error were studed in 472 unaccommodated right eyes of Korean adult human aged above 20 years. The mean corneal refractive power is 44.08D (female : 44.28D, male : 43.76D). It is 1.1D higher than that of the medel eye by Gullstrand (about 43.0D). The mean corneal power of myopia(44.11D) is similar that of emmetropia(43.97D) and hyperopia(44.24D), but mean corneal power of myopia between the ages of 20 and 29 is 1.42D higher than that of emmetropia. The corneal powers as a function of ages are enlarged with increasing rate of 0.2D~0.3D/10years.

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.136-136
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• 2002

목적： 골반 자기공명영상의 치골 결합부가 보이는 횡단면에서 특징적인 H-모양을 보이는 질의 H-모양 횡축과 종축이 만나는 내측 각도를 질각이라고 하는데, 이 질각은 질과 인접한 자궁이나 골반부 구조물의 변형이 있을 경우 그 각도가 달라질 수 있다. 한국 정상 성인 여성인 질각 평균치를 연령별로 구하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 대상 및 방법： 최근 8개월간 본원에 내원하여 골반 자기공명영상을 시행한 환자 중에서, 자궁과 질을 포함한 골반부에 특별한 질병을 가지고 있지 않은 50명의 성인 환자를 대상으로 하였다 환자의 연령은 21-84세(평균 54세)였다. 44명은 출산의 경험이 있었는데, 이 중 28명은 질식 분만, 14명은 제왕 절개술, 2명은 질식 분만과 제왕 절개술 모두를 경험했다 치골 결합부가 보이는 자기공명영상 횡단면에서 질각의 유무와 모양을 관찰하고, H-모양의 좌우측 질각을 측정하였다. 질각의 평균값을 산출하고, T-test를 이용하여 양측 질각의 차이 및 환자의 연령과 출산 경로에 따른 질각의 차이를 통계적으로 검증하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.247-261
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• 1999

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the normal values of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) in normal children to aged volunteers using Tc-99m HMPAO, Materials and Methods: Thirty four right-handed normal volunteers (20 males, 14 females, mean age $40.3{\pm}24.9$ years, range 4 to 82 years) were underwent rost/acetazolamide (ACZ) brain SPECT using Tc-99m HMPAO and the sequential injection and subtraction method. rCBF was estimated on the basis of a semiquantitative approach by means of right/left ratio, region/cerebellum and region to whole brain ratios in (rental, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes, basal ganglia, thalami, and cerebellum. CVR was measured by means of % perfusion increase calculated as % mean count change compared to rest rCBF in each regions. Results: Mean values of right to left ratios range from 1.004 to 1.018, rCBF was highest in cerebellum and lowest in basal ganglia and thalami. Frontal and temporal rCBF decreased while occipital and thalamic rCBF increased according to age. No sexual difference of rCBF was noted. Mean CVR was $29.9{\pm}12.9%$. Mean CVR significantly increased to late teens, and declined thereafter. After 6th decade, CVR in both frontal lobes, left parietal lobe and right basal ganglia decreased significantly with advancing age. There was no sexual difference of CVR. Conclusion: Quantitative assessment of CVR was possible by ACZ Tc-99m HMPAO brain SPECT. It revealed that rCBF and CVR changed according to age in normal Korean volunteers. There was no sexual difference.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.1337-1341
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• 1996

From September 1989 to March 1996, 13 patients with prosthetic valve thrombosis underwent reoperdtion on 16 occasions. The mean interval between implantation and reoperation was 27.8 months. The anticoagulation status was inadequate in 44% of th Instances. The majority(75%) were in NYHA functional class IV, 6 of them being in shock. Reoperation was performed for valve replacement(15 of 16 occasions) or thrombectomy(1 of 16 occasions) within 3 to 192 hours(mean 33.5 hours). Operative mortality at reoperation was 25%(4 patients). Re-thrombosis occurred In 3 patients. Long-term outcome was satisfactory in all survivors with a mean follow-up of 30.B months. The present results indicate that an early diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention is needed to decrease operative mortality.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.494-499
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• 2022

It is reported that genome-wide RNA-seq profiles has potential as biomarkers of aging. A number of researches achieved promising prediction performance based on gene expression profiles. We develop an age prediction method based on the transcriptome of human dermal fibroblasts by selecting a proper age interval. The proposed method executes multiple rules in a sequential manner and a rule utilizes a classifier and a regression model to determine whether a given test sample belongs to the target age interval of the rule. If a given test sample satisfies the selection condition of a rule, age is predicted from the associated target age interval. Our method predicts age to a mean absolute error of 5.7 years. Our method outperforms prior best performance of mean absolute error of 7.7 years achieved by an ensemble based prediction method. We observe that it is possible to predict age based on genome-wide RNA-seq profiles but prediction performance is not stable but varying with age.