• School Mathematics
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.547-561
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• 2010

Even though statistics is considered as one of the areas of mathematical science in the school curriculum, it has been well documented that statistics has distinct features compared to mathematics. However, there is little empirical educational research showing distinct features of statistics, especially research into the understanding of statistical concepts which are different from other areas in school mathematics. In addition, there is little discussion of a relationship between the ability of mathematical thinking and the ability of understanding statistical concepts. This study extracted some important concepts which consist of the fundamental statistical reasoning and investigated how mathematically high achieving students understood these concepts. As a result, there were both kinds of concepts that mathematically high achieving students developed well or not. There is a weak correlation between mathematical ability and the level of understanding statistical concepts.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.247-266
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• 2018

In this paper, three main concepts are chosen for this statistical estimation study, based on previous studies: confidence interval and reliability, sampling distribution of mean and population mean estimation, and relationships between elements of confidence interval. The main objectives of this study are as follows: 1. How are the attitudes that future math teachers and high school students have to ward the statistical estimation? 2. Is there some difference in the awareness of misconceptions about the statistical estimation that future math teachers and high school students have? A study result shows that both groups have difficulties in understanding statistical concepts and their meaning used in Unit Statistical Estimation. They tend to wrongly think that the meaning of reliability is the same as that of probability. They also have difficulties in understanding sample variance in the sampling distribution of mean, which makes it impossible to connect with population mean estimation. It is shown that relationships between elements consisting of confidence interval are not consistent.

• Proceedings of the Costume Culture Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.59-60
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• 2003

본 연구의 목적은 여성의 자아개념과 화장품 추구혜택의 관련성을 조사하고, 화장품 구매 행동과 인구 통계적 변인에 따른 추구혜택의 차이를 알아보며, 자아개념과 인구 통계적 변인이 화장품 추구혜택에 미치는 영향을 파악하는 데 있다. 연구방법은 조사연구방법으로 질문지를 사용하였다. 화장품 추구혜택은 24개 문항을 사용하였으며, 자아개념은 정원식의 표준화된 자아개념 검사 중 신체적, 도덕적, 성격적, 가정적, 사회적 자아개념의 5개 변인을 사용하였다. (중략)

• School Mathematics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.727-743
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• 2014

The concepts of sample and sampling are central to the statistical thinking and foundations of the statistical literacy, so we need to be emphasized their importance in the statistics education. However, many researches which dealt with samples only analyze textbooks or students' responses. In this study, the concept of sample is addressed by a historical consideration which is one aspect of the didactical analysis. Moreover, developing concept of sample is analyzed from the preceding studies about the statistical literacy, considering the sample representativeness and the sampling variability. The results say that the historical process of developing the concept of sample can be divided into three step: understanding the sample representativeness; appearing the sample variance; recognizing the sampling variability. Above all, it is important to aware and control the sampling variability, but many related researches might not consider sample variability. Therefore, it implies that the awareness and control of sampling variability are needed to reflect to the teaching-learing of sample for developing the students' statistical literacy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.166-168
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• 2003

문서 분할 기법은 문서 내에 존재하는 다양한 주제들을 자동적으로 추출하는 기법이다. 이 분야의 연구는 크게 사전적 관계에 근거한 기법과 통계적 데이터에 근거한 기법으로 나누어져 연구되어 왔다. 사전적 관계에 의한 기법은 단어들의 사전적 의미와 관계에 근거한 기법이고 통계적 데이터에 의한 기법은 주로 단어들의 분포를 이용한 기법이다. 여기에는 몇가지 문제점이 있는데 사전적 관계에 근거한 경우에는 분산된 주제들을 통합하여 추출하기 어렵고. 통계적 데이터에 근거한 기법은 정확한 주제의 개수를 찾기 어렵다는 점이다. 본 논문에서는 계층적 개념 트리를 이용하여 보다 정확한 개수의 주제들을 찾아낼 수 있는 문서 분할 기법에 대해 소개 하고자 한다.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.201-210
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• 2001

스포츠에서 통계적 개념이 부적절하게 사용되고 있는 몇 가지의 경우들을 살펴보고, 이를 바로잡기 위한 방안을 제시한다. 먼저 야구의 경우를 자세히 살펴본 뒤 축구와 권투의 경우에 관해서도 논의한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.283-292
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of the fitness and the way of the inspection in the Leadership study. Although the study of the fitness is recently increased, however, the concept recognition and the positive analysis on the inspection of the fitness isn't in the saddle and by inspecting after the operationalization, the theory and the result don't often correspond. So, This study is to help the following study and provide the conception and the problem of the analysis on the centering the fitness of the moderator and the mediation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1998.10b
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• pp.336-338
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• 1998

시소러스는 구축 방법에 따라 매뉴얼 시소러스와 통계적 시소러스로 구분된다. 매뉴얼 시소러스는 정확한 의미 표현이 가능하지만 구축과정에 많은 비용이 소요되며, 통계적 시소러스는 자동으로 구축될 수는 있지만 개념간 의미 표현력이 부족하여 만족할 만한 검색 성능 향상을 기대할 수 없다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 메뉴얼 시소러스에 객체 지향 개념을 적용하여 구축 비용을 감소시킬 수 있는 시소러스 구축기와 데이터 추상화 기법을 이용하여 선별적으로 개념들 간의 관계를 쉽게 참조할 수 있는 시소러스 시각화 브라우져를 구현하였다. 이 시스템은 시소러스 구축 과정에서 한 사람 이상의 전문가에게 일관된 관점을 제공하며 사용자에게는 높은 정확률의 검색 질의를 구성할 수 있도록 지원한다.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.221-249
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• 2006

The object of this study is to understand the characteristics of mathematical knowledge that elementary 5th graders have regarding the statistical variation concept and the changes after taking lessons. This study includes a pretest to examine the characteristics of mathematical knowledge that elementary 5th graders have regarding the statistical variation concept. And It was followed by a lesson on statistical variation concept to be able to correct error which was revealed by the inspection, and to improve good points. It turned out that after five lessons on the statistical variation concept, the insufficient aspects were properly improved, and as for the points they already understand, they came to understand better than before. They came to consider the statical variation concept instead of the frequency, preponderance, average, stable traits for the optimum value. Also, through the lesson on drawing tables and graphs, they came to better understand them, analyzing correctly the exercises in which tables and graphs were combined. When comparing data sets whose general distributions and extents were similar, students came up with the right answers in a stable way by considering averages combining statistical variation too. Since they tended to interpret a situation with their own subjective views adding conditions, teachers need to examine the proper situation and conditions prior to the lessons on the statistical variation concept.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.101-115
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• 2012

Analogy, a plausible reasoning on the basis of similarity, is one of the thinking strategy for concept formation, problem solving, and new discovery in many disciplines. Statistics educators argue that analogy can be used as an useful thinking strategy in statistics as well. This study investigated the characteristics of students' analogical thinking in statistics. The mathematically gifted were asked to construct similar problems to a base problem which is a statistical problem having a statistical context. From the analysis of the problems, students' new problems were classified into five types on the basis of the preservation of the statistical context and that of the basic structure of the base problem. From the result, researchers provide some implications. In statistics, the problems, which failed to preserve the statistical context of base problem, have no meaning in statistics. However, the problems which preserved the statistical context can give possibilities for reconceptualization of the statistical concept even though the basic structure of the problem were changed.