• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.167-189
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• 1992

The most difficult problem one faces in estimating North Korea's GNP is the lack of basic national income data. In addition, there is no appropriate foreign exchange rate available to convert North Korea's GNP to dollar values. The physical indicators method is particularly useful in estimating North Korean GNP because it requires only a modest amount of data and obtains dollar GNP directly by applying a relationship between physical indicators and GNP, which is estimated from reference countries, to physical indicators of North Korea. The estimated result of North Korean GNP in 1990 is 27.1 billion dollars and per capita GNP 1,268 dollars. The trade participation ratio (Trade/GNP) implied by the GNP estimate was plausible and so was the ratio of fiscal expenditure to GNP. This paper examined the physical indicators method's logic, the quality of the North Korean data that was used in the estimation, and the plausibility of estimation result. Relatively simple data requirement, comparative ease of computation and plausible estimation results suggest that use of physical indicators method could enhance the reliability of North Korean GNP estimate.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.37-50
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of this study was to develop a competency indicators of occupational therapists for occupation-based intervention by conducting a Delphi survey to occupation-based intervention experts. Methods : After analyzing the data related to occupational therapists indicators in korea, the results of Delphi survey were collected three times from October to December 2016. Based on the results, we developed occupational therapists competency indicators for occupation-based intervention through expert panel's opinions. Results : Based on the eight competency elements, the competency indicators were examined by 133 primary and 133 secondary competency indicators. Finally, 131 competency indicators were developed based on 8 components as occupational therapist competence indicators for occupation-based intervention. The results of the third delphi showed a high level of content validity of .95, stability of .10, convergence of 0, and consensus of 1. Conclusion : The developed occupational therapist competence indicators for occupation-based intervention could be used in various clinical decision making such as occupation-based intervention, education training, education development and evaluation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.165-174
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• 2015

Non-point source pollution associated with suspended solids in stormwater has been known to often adversely affect surface water ecosystems. Various methods of treating stormwater in the basin area before the stormwater reaches the receiving body of water have been developed. However, these treatment methods tend to be costly to install and also to maintain. In this study, an economical way of removing TSS (total suspended solids) from stormwater runoff with a fabric filter system was developed. Polyester was chosen as a fabric-filter material, because it was found to be economical in cost and relatively resistant to various chemicals. An experimental device was developed and used to determine filtration rates through polyester fabric samples of a series of several pore-opening sizes ($20{\mu}m$ to $94{\mu}m$) under a series of water-heads (0.25 to 1 m). It was found that the filtration rate increased as the size of water head increased. It was also found that the smaller the pore size of the fiber filter was, the higher the TSS removal efficiency was. However, the TSS removal efficiency was not found to be much different among the filters with different sizes of pore opening due to the fact that most mass of TSS was associated with large particles.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.38
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• pp.211-244
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• 2007

Article 17 and 18 of the Korean Constitution respectively prescribe the violation of individual's right to privacy and the secrecy of wire communication. Meanwhile, Article 20 of the Criminal Code provides that an act which is conducted within the ambit of laws or pursuant to accepted business practices or which does not violate the social norms shall not be punishable. In 1999, the Constitutional Court held that media reports on public matters of public figures must be given strong constitutional protection, and treated differently from reports on private matters of private figures. In accordance with the decision, the Supreme Court has expanded the scope of constitutional guarantee of freedom of expression since 2002. This study analyzes the issue of media liability for publication of illegally intercepted wire communication by a third person. Particularly, it reviews Seoul High Court's ruling on 'X-file scandal' which disclosed intercepted wire communications between notable public figures regarding a slush fund for a presidential candidate. In the light of this analysis, the study concludes that the media reporting of the intercepted communication does not violate social norms of Article 20, and therefore it is entitled to a constitutional privilege.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.3-33
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• 2014

Over the last forty years, the dominant perspective of social science on medicine has been the medicalization theory. It indicates the social process of expanding power of medical professionals by (re)defining the problems which were treated as non-medical phenomena(e.g. homosexuality, alcoholism, obesity, etc.) into "diseases" and thus the spheres of medical intervention. Meanwhile, rapid technoscientific changes in the medical field owing to the diffusion of biological sciences and information technologies since the mid-1980s and the accompanying emergence of new social arrangements such as bioeconomy and biological citizenship have led to the rise of a new social scientific perspective called the biomedicalization theory. This paper attempts to compare the two theories and assess their merits and demerits as a basic work to deepen the understandings of sociology and STS on contemporary medicine. And it also attempts to analyze their relative relevance through the case of mental disorder. The analysis on the case of mental disorder clearly shows that the medicalization in that area seems to have continuously proceeded since the early 19th centiry to the present. Furthermore, it also seems true that the five central processes of biomedicalization(except for risk surveillance technologies of mental disorder) have been observed and realized since the late 20th century. These results indicate that although medicalization has consistently proceeded, it has not been limited to the quantitative expansion of the medical field but been extended to the qualitative transformation asserted by the biomedicalization theory. Therefore, while the concept of medicalization is valid and significant even today, we can recognize that the concept of biomedicalization allow us to capture the new phenomena which cannot be properly and sufficiently captured by that of medicalization.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.36
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• pp.229-257
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• 1998

In order to evaluate the effects of high unemployment rates on the income distribution and to find out mediative factors to these effect, the relationship between unemployment and income inequality in the industrialized countries and determinants of their relationship are analysized in this paper. Major findings from the analysis are these. First, changing pattern of unemployment rates are not similiar that of income inequality in the industrialized countries. This result suggests that relationships between unemployment and income inequality are dissimiliar within the industrialized countries. Second, results from analysis about relevant factors' effect on the relationship between unemployment and income inequality, the effects of economic factors such as economic growth rates and the scale of economy are not significant. But variables such as union density rates and scale of social welfare expenditure are found to have significant effects on the relationship between unemployment and income inequality. In fact, when the policy factors enters, the negative distributional effects of unemployment are lower by 50%. These results impliy that dissmilarities between the industrialized countries in the 1980s' changing patterns of income inequality are engendered from the union density rates and scale of social welfare expenditure. These findings in this paper suggest such a implication to the Korea; In order to achieve the more deserable society, policy orientations which give the priority to the economy restructuring rather than development of social welfare have to be reexamined and modified.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.1-34
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• 2012

The objectives of this study are to introduce a critical perspective of the multicultural education in home economics education, to develop teaching-learning materials and to apply them in classes for the purpose of enhancing students' multicultural competence for a validity test. For these purposes, family life culture sections from six high school technology and home economics textbooks were analyzed based on the contents and elements of multicultural competence. After recomposing the family life culture sections, this study developed 12-session teaching-learning materials with an emphasis on media literacy. Among them, 4-session plans were taught in classrooms for 247 students in the 10th grades. To test the validity of the plans, a questionnaires was given to the students as a pre- and post-test. The data were analyzed with paired t-tests. The results showed significant pre and post differences in all sections of multicultural competence except the section of 'general cultural understanding'. This implied that the developed teaching-learning materials were effective in helping students overcome ethnocentrism and enhance the understanding of cultural differences.

• Atmosphere
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.565-571
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• 2014

A long-range prediction system of tropical cyclone (TC) activity over the western North Pacific (WNP) has been operated in the National Typhoon Center of the Korea Meteorological Administration since 2012. The model forecasts the spatial distribution of TC tracks averaged over the period June~October. In this study, we separately developed TC prediction models for summer (June~August) and autumn (September~November) period based on the current operating system. To perform the three-month WNP TC activity prediction procedure readily, we modified the shell script calling in environmental variables automatically. The user can apply the model by changing these environmental variables of namelist parameter in consideration of their objective. The validations for the two seasons demonstrate the great performance of predictions showing high pattern correlations between hindcast and observed TC activity. In addition, we developed a post-processing script for deducing TC activity in the Korea emergency zone from final forecasting map and its skill is discussed.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.101-116
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• 2012

The purpose of this research is to develop a scale to measure how students and parents, who are the consumers of education, and home economics teachers and education experts, who are the suppliers, recognize the home economics subject, based on the characteristics and goal of the revised home economics curriculum that is currently being applied in South Korea, in the year 2007. To do this, the survey on home economics recognition developed and utilized in prior researches was used as the basic data. The final version of 60 questions was made by adding questions made through steps. They include question quality factor verification through step1-interview, step2-draft questions, step3-preliminary research, and step4-substantiation research of four groups. As a result of the factor analysis of the recognition of home economics, credibility is high in all factors. The final scale consists of 8 factors, when the explanatory power is 57.439%. This shows that home economics has been established as education for living and a practical subject. Nevertheless, it needs further improving to be recognized as a subject involving emphasis on healthy formation of family life and a subject of practical criticism.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.76-89
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to develop a science field study area using Geumgang(Geum River), fossil origins and various geological resources in Youngdong area of Chungcheongbuk-do as educational resources; and utilize them to develop an education program to cultivate earth science and topophilia. The Youngdong sedimentary basin (Cretaceous period) has a well-developed outcrop along the Geumgang and it is therefore easy to find various geological structures, plant fossils, and dinosaur fossils. Also, it has a distinct sedimentary structure, such as mud cracks, ripple marks and cross-bedding. Science field study area(6 observation sites) were developed based on school curriculum, textbook analysis, and professional earth science education panel discussion to create a convergence education program. The result of validating the developed program showed that all the items were satisfactory ($CVR{\geq}0.88$) in the test categories. The science field study teaching-learning model was applied to actual classes. The evaluation result for class satisfaction was positive, scoring Rickert scale 4.18. The result of observation about the outdoor classroom process in the science field study area revealed that students were able to form a new image of the beautiful scenery of the Geumgang. Also, the students could gain a new understanding, concept and value of various geological objects (sandy beach, stepping-stones, dinosaur footprint fossils, sedimentary formation), which naturally allowed them to form topophilia.