• Title/Summary/Keyword: 칼로리

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Quality Characteristics and Reduced Sugar Conditions of Yanggaeng Prepared with Steamed Liriopis Tuber Extract Using Response Surface Methodology (반응표면분석법을 이용한 증숙 맥문동 첨가 양갱의 품질 특성 및 당류 저감화 조건 연구)

  • Park, Chanyoung;Park, So Hae;Kim, Won Baek;Hwang, Ji Hoe;Lee, Heeseob
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.46 no.2
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    • pp.229-236
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    • 2017
  • This study was performed to optimize yanggaeng processing conditions prepared with different amounts of steamed Liriopis tuber (SLT) extract, sugar, and agar powder using response surface methodology. The experimental conditions were designed according to the central composite design with 16 experimental points, including two replicates for three independent variables. The experimental data on physicochemical properties, textural properties, and sensory evaluation were fitted to various models, and the accuracy of the equations was analyzed by ANOVA. Among the responses, pH, water content, sugar content, L-value, browning index, chewiness, gumminess, and sensory properties of appearance, color, sweetness, hardness, texture, and overall acceptability showed significant correlation with contents of SLT, sugar, and agar powder. From these results, optimum formulation of yanggaeng was calculated as follows: SLT 35 mL, sugar 55.23 g, and agar powder 3.39 g.

The Study of the Taste and the Intake-Frequency for Kwamaegi - Centering around Kyungbuk Regions- (꽁치과메기에 대한 선호도 및 섭취빈도에 관한 연구)

  • 조영대;김정애;오승희
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.13 no.6
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    • pp.585-594
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    • 2000
  • We made a survey of the pattern of dietary life, the taste and the intake-frequency for Kwamaegi in Kyungbuk province. And the results were summarized as follows : 1. Flavor(65.2%), nutritive value(14.6%), cleanliness(14.3%), price(4.3%) and calorie(0.7%) were considered to select food in that order. 2. The younger, the more they preferred foreign food to Korean food and the older, the more they preferred Korea food to foreign food. 3. Most of people(91.4%) answered positively to Kwamaegi and had a high preference of Kwamaegi. On most occasions, they were inclined to eat Kwamaegi as the side-dish(71.1%) served with drink. 4. Most of men(61.1%) have eaten 3∼10 Kwamaegis at a table, but most of women(53.7%) have eaten 1∼2 Kwamaegis at a table.

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A Study on the Fire Characterization of Foam block using Cone-calorimeter and FTIR (콘칼로리미터와 적외선분광계(FTIR)를 이용한 폼블럭의 연소특성에 대한 실험적 연구)

  • Han, Bong-Hoon;Seo, Dong-Ho;Kwon, Young-Hee;Min, Se-Hong
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.23-32
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    • 2017
  • Foam block, popularized as the self-interior goods, is susceptible to fire since the main material is the polyethylene flammable synthetic resin. However, it is widely used in homes, offices, and multi-use facilities. In order to understand the fire characteristics of the foam block, two kinds of foam blocks sold in the market (non-fire retardant and fire retardant) were evaluated according to standard of KS F 5660-1 (Reaction to fire test). In addition, the hazard analysis of the gas generated by the combustion of the specimen was performed using the FTIR gas analyzer. The cone calorimeter test showed that the ignition and flame combustion of both two specimens were burned as soon as the radiant heat blocking device was removed, and it was confirmed that the flame could become a rapid propagation factor during the fire. The analysis of the combustion gas through the FTIR gas analyzer showed that both the carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide classified as the common combustion gases and the acrolein, ammonia, and hydrogen cyanide causing serious damage to the human body were detected substantially. This study showed that a foam block product has high ignitionability and generates toxic gases. Hence, it is urgently required to establish the standards used for properly classifying the combustion characteristics of the material on the basis of the use conditions of a foam block product and to prepare the standards on the purpose of use.

A Study on Fire Performance Evaluation of EIFS on Anti-Flaming Finish by Cone Calorimeter Test (콘칼로리미터에 의한 외단열시스템의 방염 화재성능평가를 위한 연구)

  • Min, Se-Hong;Sun, Ju-Seok;Kim, Sang-Chul;Choi, Yong-Mook;Lee, Seok-Ki
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.106-111
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    • 2012
  • In this study, EIFS (Exterior insulation finish system) of exterior cladding was applied Cone calorimeter test to confirm the effect of flame retardant. As a results, the initial ignition points in accordance with the coated form and concentration of the flame retardant was delayed. But flame resistant treatment of EIFS cladding to control the fire will not affect confirmed that. In addition, EIFS that uses high-density and low-density due to difference in the density of the impact of the fire was no difference. The exterior of the ignition experiment occurred before and after 40 seconds, heat release rate to 100 seconds appears to occur about 90 % compared with the other exterior wall materials, the initial fire spread very fast was confirmed. EIFS cladding in order to prevent the spread of fire in the application of EIFS legally use is limited by the use of the building. And flame spread can be prevented, such as a vertical outer wall compartment measures are urgently needed.

A Study on the Fire Risk of Car Interior Materials (자동차 내장재의 화재위험성에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Hae-Pyeong;Kim, Young-Tak
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.82-88
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    • 2010
  • In this study, we have performed several tests for composite plastic materials to be applied on interior materials of a vehicle to identify their combustion characteristics using cone calorimeter, smoke density chamber and toxicity index chamber. We have prepared a total of 12 samples for 4 major parts of a vehicle wherein each major part has 3 different materials. The results of cone calorimeter test showed ignition time of PVC sheet and PVC leather were 2s. The 8 samples showed under less than 10s of ignition time. The sample comprising Nylon and PE had the biggest maximum heat release rate of 635 $kW/m^2$. The sample comprising Rubber showed the smallest maximum heat release rate but with the biggest total heat release. The results of smoke density chamber test showed the sample that is made up with Rubber had the biggest specific optical smoke density. The sample comprising PVC leather and PUR showed the biggest VOF4 which enables the initial smoke production. The results of toxicity index test showed that all samples contained carbon dioxide content exceeding its lethal concentration. The sample comprising PVC showed high content of hydrogen chloride and hydrogen bromide. The PVC sheet showed the biggest toxicity index calculated by using lethal concentration and test results. Toxicity index of all sample wes over 1.

Enhanced Flame Retardancy of Cotton Fabric by Functionalized Graphene Oxide and Ammonium Polyphosphate (기능성화 산화 그래핀과 폴리인산암모늄을 이용한 직물 난연성 향상)

  • Ka, Dongwon;Jang, Seongon;Jung, Hyunsook;Jin, Youngho
    • Composites Research
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.177-184
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    • 2020
  • Flame retardant(FR) clothes prohibit additional fire diffusion and make the personnel do their tasks without a hitch in a flammable environment. The existing FR clothes, however, are heavy and give high thermal fatigue. Therefore, it is strongly demanded to develop a light, convenient, and eco-friendly clothes. Recently, many works have been reported to make FR fabrics with phosphorus compounds, but their performance could not satisfy the specified criteria in appraisal standards of domestic and American FR clothes or combat uniforms. In this paper, two kinds of phosphorus compounds were applied to cotton fabric. Graphene oxide functionalized with a phosphorus-rich deep eutectic solvent and ammonium polyphosphate were coated on cotton fabric by eco-friendly padding procedure. The coated fabrics were analyzed with thermogravimetric analysis, vertical flame resistance test(ASTM D6413), cone calorimeter test(ISO 5660-1), and method of test for limited flame spread(ISO 15025). It was revealed that the as-made cotton with those two materials simultaneously had better flame resistance than the cottons with each one. Furthermore, an additional coating for hydrophobicity on the FR cotton was tried for better washing fastness.

A Study on Combustion Characteristics of Finishing Materials in Interior Decoration (실내장식물 인테리어마감재의 연소특성에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Kwang-Hyun;Lee, Bong-Woo;Yun, Mung-Oh
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.10-18
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    • 2019
  • The Interior finishing materials tried to evaluate the combustion characteristics and the dangerous characteristic of Floor finish and Wall finish. We often use, conducting the experiment ISO 5660-1, Cone Calorimeter method, and ISO-TR-9122 FT-IR. According to the result of Cone calorimeter experiment, the tile carpet FF3 of Floor material had the highest THR $74.6mj/m^2$ because of the highest risk, and the PHRR of FF1 was $726kW/m^2$, which was easy to bum. As a result FT-IR test, The CO, $CO_2$ ratio was 8,146 PPM for roll carpet FF1 than tile carpet FF2, FF3 5,996, 5,171 PPM, which was a carpet with a high toxicity risk. In the case of wall finishes, The MDF plate(WF3) was THR $86.7mj/m^2$ with a high risk, PHRR $384kW/m^2$ was easy to ignite and toxicity index was 5.5. The CO, $CO_2$ ratio was 1,340~8,596 PPM, But the WF4 was the most toxic with 8,596 PPM.

Bioconversion of Rare Sugars by Isomerases and Epimerases from Microorganisms (미생물 유래 당질관련 이성화효소 및 에피머효소를 이용한 희소당 생물전환)

  • Kim, Yeong-Su;Kim, Sang Jin;Kang, Dong Wook;Park, Chang-Su
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.28 no.12
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    • pp.1545-1553
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    • 2018
  • The International Society of Rare Sugars (ISRS) defines rare sugars as monosaccharides and their derivatives that rarely occur in nature. Rare sugars have recently received much attention because of their many uses including low-calorie sweeteners, bulking agents, and antioxidants, and their various applications including as immunosuppressants in allogeneic rat liver transplantation, as potential inhibitors of various glycosidases and microbial growth, in ischemia-reperfusion injury repair in the rat liver, and in segmented neutrophil production without detrimental clinical effects. Because they rarely exist in nature, the production of rare sugars has been regarded as one of the most important research areas and, generally, they are produced by chemical synthesis. However, the production of rare sugars by bioconversion using enzymes from microorganisms has been receiving increased attention as an environmentally friendly alternative production method. In particular, D-allulose, D-allose, and D-tagatose are of interest as low-calorie sweeteners in various industries. To date, D-tagatose 3-epimerase, D-psicose 3-epimerase, and D-allulose 3-epimerase have been reported as D-allulose bioconversion enzymes, and L-rhamnose isomerase, Galactose 6-phosphate isomerase, and Ribose 5-phosphate isomerase have been identified as D-allose production enzymes. Elsewhere, D-tagatose has been produced by L-arabinose isomerase from various microorganisms. In this study, we report the production of D-allulose, D-allose, and D-tagatose by microorganism enzymes.

Current research trends of analytical methods for non-nutritive sweeteners (Non-nutritive sweeteners 분석을 위한 최근 분석기술 동향)

  • Yun, Choong-In;Kim, Young-Jun
    • Food Science and Industry
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    • v.55 no.1
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    • pp.58-73
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    • 2022
  • Due to the recent demand for low-calorie foods, consumers are looking for alternative sweeteners that can control blood sugar, low risk of tooth decay and low calories. Regulations for permitted sweeteners in food vary from every country, and it is important for the government and the food industry to monitor products containing these sweeteners to ensure global compliance. Therefore, rapid, precise, and accurate analysis for food matrices should be applied to quality control, market surveillance, monitoring, and evaluation of food additive intake in the food industry. To analyze sweeteners simultaneously, it is essential to develop an efficient and rapid analytical method and to perform appropriate pretreatment steps such as solvent extraction and purification. This study presented the recent analysis trends about the suitable extraction method for food matrices focusing on non-nutritive sweeteners. Additionally, techniques for multi-compounds analysis using HPLC and LC-MS/MS and non-destructive analysis techniques using FT-IR were comprehensively described.

A Reliability Analysis on FDS Pyrolysis Model through Comparing the Room-Corner (ISO 9705) Test (룸 코너 콘 칼로리미터 시험(ISO 9705)과 비교를 통한 FDS 열분해 모델의 신뢰성 분석)

  • Yang, Sung-Jin;Lee, Chang-Deok;Oh, Ji-Eun;Kang, Chan-Yong;Kim, Hag-Beom;Lee, Duck-Hee
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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    • 2011.05a
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    • pp.585-593
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    • 2011
  • Actual fire test under a laboratory and fire simulation by using computer are considered into main methodology in order to estimate and predict fire size of railway train. Even if practical fire size could be obtained from the full-model railway car test such as a large scale cone-calorimeter test, it is not always possible and realistic due to that expensive cost and attendant dangers could in no way be negligible. In this point of view, fire simulation analysis method based on the computational fluid dynamics could be proposed as an alternative and it seems to be also efficient and reasonable. However, simulation results have to be verified and validated in accordance with the proper procedure including comparing analysis with the actual fire test. In this paper, fire load and growth aspect was investigated through the room corner test (ISO 9705) for the mock-up model of the actual railway car. Then, it was compared with the output data derived from the simulation by using Pyrolysis Model of the FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator, by NIST) for the exact same domain and condition corresponding with pre-performed room-corner test. This preliminary verified and validated fire modeling method could enhance the reliability of output data derived from the fire simulation under the similar domain and condition.

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