• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.161-168
• /
• 2022

After the corona virus, as non-face-to-face services are activated, domain services that guarantee integrity by embedding sensing information of the Internet of Things (IoT) with block chain technology are expanding. For example, in areas such as safety and security using CCTV, a process is required to safely update firmware in real time and to confirm that there is no malicious intrusion. In the existing safe security processing procedures, in many cases, the person in charge performing official duties carried a USB device and directly updated the firmware. However, when private blockchain technology such as Hyperledger is used, the convenience and work efficiency of the Internet of Things environment can be expected to increase. This article describes scenarios in how to prevent vulnerabilities in the operating environment of various customers such as firmware updates and device changes in a non-face-to-face environment. In particular, we introduced the optimal blockchain technique for the Internet of Things (IoT), which is easily exposed to malicious security risks such as hacking and information leakage. In this article, we tried to present the necessity and implications of security management that guarantees integrity through operation applying block chain technology in the increasingly expanding Internet of Things environment. If this is used, it is expected to gain insight into how to apply the blockchain technique to guidelines for strengthening the security of the IoT environment in the future.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.632-645
• /
• 2014

This paper criticized the recent Korean 'creative economy policies' focused on regional developmental implications. Even though the policies targeted to promote ICT new startups and build virtuous circle of ICT industrial ecosystem in Korea as a whole, the outside regions of the Seoul-Busan industrial axis where the bases of ICT industries are very weak would suffer from systematic exclusion in ICT investments and deepening regional disparities. Second, ICT-centered policies would selectively affect or operate commensurate with the size of regions in this low-growth, after-financial crisis age. Third, the possibilities of regional insularity and lock-in in these low levels of 'related variety' regions would worsen the industrial competitiveness. Lastly, the policies should be reoriented to fortify region-based creative economic ecosystem based upon triple helix learning region.

• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.321-365
• /
• 2018

Though the British shipbuilding industry dominated the world market in the 19th century, it could not avoid the repetitive rise and fall of the unemployment following after the cyclical fluctuations. Without challenging the employers' rights to fire at will, the boilermakers maintained their own unemployment insurance in order to escape from the new poverty law system. In the beginning the craft union could continue their own unemployment insurance under the National Insurance Act of 1911, but it went into bankruptcy under the massive unemployment of the 1920s and the attacks of shipyard employers. The Act of 1911 was a step towards social solidarity in that it spread the risks beyond the occupational boundaries, applying unemployment insurance to unskilled and non-union workers, and the employer and the government also paid the premium. In the Great Depression, the shipyard trade unions demanded that the government should intervene in the shipbuilding market to provide jobs, but it was not accepted by the government. The government responded only to the another demand of the union for the maintenance, which could be achieved partially through the abnormal operation of the insurance system, abandoning the insurance principle. After all, unemployment in the shipbuilding industry was resolved only by the expansion of rearmaments and the outbreak of World War II. From the 19th century to the World War II, the craft unions did not challenge the employers' right to fire at will and did not attempt to regulate dismissal procedures or make any demands on dismissal compensations. During interwar periods rules and practices related with weak employment protection - one of the main features of the liberal employment adjustment institution - were prevalent in Britain. The principle of 'employment at will' could survive through the historical events such as the World War I, II as the operation of the unemployment insurance became the focus of the social conflicts.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.217-227
• /
• 2023

The consumption of ready-to-eat side dishes is rapidly growing in South Korea. These foods are particularly vulnerable to microbiological contamination as they are often cooked without any treatment, such as heating or stored at room temperature after cooking. Hence, in 2022, we analyzed the ready-to-eat side dishes sold in Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea for microbiological contamination. We collected 100 samples from supermarkets in 7 cities, and then examined them for presence of food-borne pathogens and sanitary indicator bacteria. In the analysis of the food-borne pathogens, Bacillus cereus and Clostridium perfringens were isolated from 51 samples (51.0%) and 3 samples (3.0%), respectively. However, both quantitatively met the Korean Food Standards Codex. Genes of five different enterotoxins and one emetic toxin were analyzed from the 51 isolated B. cereus strains. We detected enterotoxin entFM (100.0%), nheA (94.1%), hblC (58.8%), cytK (56.9%), and bceT (41.2%) in 51 isolates, and emetic toxin gene, CER, in only one (2.0%) isolate. We did not detect C. perfringens toxin gene (cpe) that causes food poisoning in any one of the three C. perfringens isolates. In the case of sanitary indicator bacteria, Kimchi had the highest levels of total aerobic bacteria and coliforms, followed by Saengchae, Jeotgal, Jeolim, Namul, and Jorim, respectively. We counted total aerobic bacteria at two different storage temperatures (4℃ and 20℃) to determine the effect of storage temperature. When stored at 20℃, total aerobic bacteria count increased in most of the ready-to-eat side dishes, except for Jeotgal. This result conclusively shows the need for refrigerating the ready-to-eat side dishes after purchase. Further research is needed to assess the risk and safety of the ready-to-eat side dishes available in the market and determine appropriate safety management practices.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.83-116
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to raise the issue of the existing deinstitutionalization debate, considering only the shipment process to these two spaces, and still leaving the inter-facility circulation of vulnerable mental handicapped who are still hanging around the facility. In particular, we sought to supplement the discussion of deinstitutionalization by illuminating the problems of those who have to rely on facilities, as well as the mental health facility system and the homeless facility system. In the case of homeless persons with mental disabilities who repeatedly use the mental health facility system and the homeless facility system, they confirmed the pattern of using the facilities by constantly changing the place to manage the overlapping risk of mental illness and homelessness. Also it is triggered by the voluntary nature of the parties with no resources and resources. This situation appeared to be inevitable in the absence of resources and supportive systems that would actually enable a life in the community. Nevertheless, I asserted that the life of the mentally handicapped, which is circling the facility, is extremely unstable and is not desirable from a welfare point of view.

• (The)Korea Educational Review
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.253-281
• /
• 2012

This qualitative study explores how Mongolian migrant workers, with a marked tendency for family migration, plan and put into practice their child's education and attach meaning to it in relation to the social network they form during their stay in Korea. Specifically, it analyzes in particular ways the social network Mongolian migrant workers form affect their settlement in Korea, the process by which the social network affects their planning of their child's education, and how the education planning and its realization lead to the formation of new social networks. The results show that parents were divided between those who made a deliberate decision in sending their child to the Seoul Mongol School as a part of their plan and those who chose the school due to forced circumstances. While some parents preferred the Seoul Mongol School over regular Korean schools for their child's education and future, others sent their child to the Seoul Mongol School, regardless of their preference, because they did not have access to information about regular Korean schools, were afraid of divulging their illegal status, or were afraid their child would not be able to adjust to the school life in Korean schools. Based on such analysis, this paper stresses the urgency of further research in this area, and suggests direction for future policy measures.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.163-172
• /
• 2022

This study investigates the IPI (Information Protection Intention) of DHS (Digital Healthcare Service) providers by introducing PMT (Protection Motivation Theory). This study examines the effects of protection motivation, such as threat appraisal and coping appraisal, on IPI, such as ICI(Induction Control Intention) and SDI(Self Defense Intention). The research model, based on the PMT, adopted severity, vulnerability, reaction efficacy and self-efficacy as independent variables. The research model was validated through quantitative research, a survey of 222 DHS providers in South Korea, using structural equation modeling. The results show that (1) a clear awareness of the consequences of security threats increases the understanding of DHS providers on the severity of closure of healthcare information, and thus may decreases abuse of DHS by providers; (2) user confidence and satisfaction on the security system may make them be confident that they can handle the closure of healthcare information by themselves; and (3) although DHS providers are realizing the consequences of closure of healthcare information, they think that they are unlikely to encounter such situations. As a result of this study, venture companies that provide DHS need to provide contents that can continuously increase providers' security level in order to increase providers' information protection intention. It suggests that IPI is important through trust of healthcare service providers.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.71-100
• /
• 2009

The main purpose of this study is to define relevant factors that influence successful start-ups and management innovations of traditional markets from the point of market structures and relations. To do this, we devide an entrepreneurship of merchant into two factors, risk taking and managerial experience and choose product planning and its implementation to see merchandising of traditional markets. In this study we identify that several factors we chose are contributing to generating management performances through market promotional parameters. Also we confirm that image factors of traditional markets is consist of awareness and value of markets, and that these factors shows some sequential and continual patterns in the course of generating performances. In additions, it is identified that four independent factors have positive effects to star-up success; risk taking 0.29(t 2.61), managerial experience 0.04(t 1.79), merchandising implementation 0.374(t 2.61), market value 0.47(t 5.25), market awareness 0.22(t 2.30). This study can help merchants of traditional markets to make and change their market strategies, restructure their businesses and survive in the field. This also provide some ideas and guidances to relevant government agencies in formulating traditional market policies.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.407-420
• /
• 2014

A survey was carried out regarding university students' recognition of high-caffeine energy drinks in an effort to identify and improve problems as well as provide basic data. Most of the subjects had previous experience of energy drink consumption. Studies showed that most students consumed energy drinks when studying. Regarding frequency of energy drink consumption, most students' responded "1~6 times a year"; female students showed lower frequency of energy drink consumption than male students. Both male and female students used convenience stores to purchase energy drinks. In most cases, students became aware of energy drinks through advertisements on TV, radio, newspapers, and magazines. The most important factor affecting their energy drink purchase and consumption status was taste. The most frequent adverse effect they experienced after drinking an energy drink was unusual heart-pounding, whereas the biggest problem caused by energy drink consumption was addiction. This study indicates that students should have a better understanding of the problems associated with excessive and prolonged high-caffeine intake. In addition, instructions for proper purchasing and consumption of high-caffeine energy drinks should be provided as well as education and campaigns concerning symptoms caused by high-caffeine energy drink consumption so that students may refrain from excessive consumption. Further, civil organizations and the government need to devise effective measures for proper regulation of high-caffeine energy drink consumption.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.119-129
• /
• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine cognitive and psychological characteristics of patients who visited psychiatric outpatient clinic with military service suitability issues. Methods : Since January, 2017 to September, 2018, patients were recruited from the department of psychiatry of university hospital. Participants were diagnosed using DSM-5 criteria by board certified psychiatrists. And each of participants tested with K-WAIS-IV, K-SCL-95 by clinical psychologist. The data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Results : The results indicated 24.6% of the patients have significantly low level of intellectual functioning. and 10.8% of the patients have borderline level of intellectual functioning, and 26.3% of them were below average. The results of psychological characteristics showed patients have cautious and potentially dangerous level of depression, anxiety, agoraphobia, and suicidal idea. And PTSD subscale's mean score was above problematic level. Next, we divided patients into two groups based on question of whether the patient is eligible to serve in the military service or not arises from recruitment process or army training center. But two group didn't differ significantly. And for further analyses, we also divided patients into two groups based on if they got single psychiatric diagnosis or more than one psychiatric diagnosis. Conclusions : The results indicated that group which has coexisting psychiatric disorders were more depressed, had higher level of anger and aggression, and had more serious levels of suicidal ideas than single psychiatric diagnosis group. The implications and limitations were discussed along with some suggestions for the future studies.