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Cognitive and Psychological Characteristics of Psychiatric Patients with Military Service Eligibility Issues

군 복무 적합성 판정을 위해 내원한 환자들의 인지적 및 심리적 특성

  • Nam, Jisoo (Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Guri Hospital) ;
  • Choi, Junho (Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Guri Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Eunkyeong (Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Guri Hospital)
  • 남지수 (한양대학교 구리병원 정신건강의학과) ;
  • 최준호 (한양대학교 구리병원 정신건강의학과) ;
  • 김은경 (한양대학교 구리병원 정신건강의학과)
  • Received : 2019.07.16
  • Accepted : 2019.09.22
  • Published : 2019.12.31

Abstract

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine cognitive and psychological characteristics of patients who visited psychiatric outpatient clinic with military service suitability issues. Methods : Since January, 2017 to September, 2018, patients were recruited from the department of psychiatry of university hospital. Participants were diagnosed using DSM-5 criteria by board certified psychiatrists. And each of participants tested with K-WAIS-IV, K-SCL-95 by clinical psychologist. The data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Results : The results indicated 24.6% of the patients have significantly low level of intellectual functioning. and 10.8% of the patients have borderline level of intellectual functioning, and 26.3% of them were below average. The results of psychological characteristics showed patients have cautious and potentially dangerous level of depression, anxiety, agoraphobia, and suicidal idea. And PTSD subscale's mean score was above problematic level. Next, we divided patients into two groups based on question of whether the patient is eligible to serve in the military service or not arises from recruitment process or army training center. But two group didn't differ significantly. And for further analyses, we also divided patients into two groups based on if they got single psychiatric diagnosis or more than one psychiatric diagnosis. Conclusions : The results indicated that group which has coexisting psychiatric disorders were more depressed, had higher level of anger and aggression, and had more serious levels of suicidal ideas than single psychiatric diagnosis group. The implications and limitations were discussed along with some suggestions for the future studies.

연구목적 본 연구는 군대 내 부적응이 우려되어 군 복무 적합성 판정을 위해 내원한 환자들의 인지적 및 심리적 특성을 알아보기 위해서 이루어 졌다. 방 법 2017년 1월~2018년 9월까지 경기도 소재 대학병원 정신건강의학과에 병사용 진단서 발급을 위해 내원한 140명을 대상으로 이들의 인지적 및 심리적 특성을 조사하였다. 이들은 정신건강의학과 전문의로부터 DSM-5에 근거하여 진단을 받았고, 진단명이 분석에 활용되었다. 또한 각각의 환자들은 임상심리사로부터 웩슬러 지능검사 4판과 간이정신진단검사(K-SCL-95)를 받았다. 총 136예가 분석에 포함되었다. 수집된 자료를 분석하기 위해 SPSS 18.0을 사용하였으며, 기술 통계 분석, 독립표본 t-검증을 사용해 알아보고자 하였다. 결 과 전체 환자들 중 24.6%가 전체 지능(FSIQ)이 70 미만인 매우 낮은 수준의 지능에 해당되었다. 또한 경계선 수준은 10.8%에서 나타났으며, 평균 하 수준의 지능은 26.3%에서 관찰되었다. 아울러 평균 수준은 18.0%의 환자에서 나타났고, 마지막으로 평균 상 수준은 4.2%에 해당하였다. 다음으로 심리적 특성에 대한 분석 결과, 우울, 불안, 공포불안-임소불안, 자살이 주의 및 위험 수준에 해당하였고, 외상 후 스트레스 장애 소척도의 T점수 평균은 75.57로 정신건강 문제 발생 가능성이 시사되는 문제 수준으로 나타났다. 다음으로, 환자들을 병무청 신체검사 시 군대 내 부적응이 우려되어 군 복무 적합성 판정을 권유받은 집단과 훈련소 과정에서 군대 내 부적응이 우려되었던 집단으로 분류하여 통계 분석을 하였으나, 두 집단의 심리적 특성에는 유의한 차이가 발견되지 않았다. 아울러 단일 진단을 받은 집단과 2개 이상의 정신과적 진단을 받은 공병 집단 간 차이를 보고자 한 분석에서는 공병 집단이 단일 진단 집단에 비해 더 우울하고, 분노감과 공격성이 높았으며, 더 심각한 자살 사고 경향을 보이며 스트레스에 취약하고 낮은 자기조절력을 보인다는 결과를 얻었다. 결 론 본 연구를 통하여 공병 집단이 단일 진단 집단에 비해 우울감, 분노감 등의 심리적 고통감을 크게 느낀다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 본 연구에 포함된 환자들은 정신건강의학과 전문의의 진단, 지능검사와 주관적 증상 설문 결과로 볼 때 본 연구 집단은 낮은 인지기능과 여러 정신 증상의 문제를 보였다. 이러한 연구 결과를 토대로 본 연구의 시사점과 제한점에 관하여 논의하였다.

Keywords

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