• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.609-613
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• 2016

A hybrid charging method with serial and parallel architecture has been developed to resolve the unbalanced charge problem among battery cells for Electric Vehicles. In this method, the major charging is performed with serial part and the balancing is carried out with the parallel part, where the serial part is big and heavy but the parallel part is smaller and lighter than serial part. A sensor array to detect the individual battery cell voltage, duty rate control incorporated IGBTs, and battery management system are employed as the core parts of the proposed system.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.93-94
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• 2016

친환경 이동수단 중 1인용 이동수단인 퍼스널 모빌리티에 대한 관심과 수요가 증대됨에 따라 과거 전기자전거에서 현재는 전동퀵보드, 전동스쿠터, 외발휠, 세그웨이류 등 그 종류와 외관적 형태는 매우 다양하다. 하지만 공통적인 부분은 전기에너지를 구동원으로 하고 있으며, 전기에너지를 저장하기 위한 수단으로 리튬이온 배터리가 사용된다는 것이다. 리튬이온배터리에서 배터리를 안전하고 효율적으로 사용하도록 제어하는 부분이 배터리관리시스템이며, 기능중에서 배터리 셀간을 정밀하게 균형을 잡아주며, 모든 셀이 완전 충전상태가 될 수 있도록 도와주는 셀 밸런싱 기능이 있다. 이러한 셀 밸런싱 기술은 주행거리 혹은 사용시간을 늘려주는 역할을 수행한다. 본 논문에서는 충전과 방전을 반복하는 다셀로 구성된 리튬이온배터리에서 셀 밸런싱이 수행되는 과정을 살펴보고 단일 밸런싱과 다중 밸런싱의 차이 및 장단점을 살펴보았다. 이를 통해 완속에서 급속충전으로의 변화, 빠른 셀 밸런싱 등의 필요성에 대해 실험을 통해 검증하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.661-662
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.434-438
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• 2007

최근 무선 센서 네트워크는 군사 및 민간 운용에서 광범위한 응용이 가능하여 많은 주목을 받고 있다. 무선 센서 네트워크는 수많은 센서노드들과 몇몇의 베이스 스테이션들로 구성되며, 각 노드는 노드들이 라우팅 역할을 하는 다중 홉 네트워크를 통하여 감지 데이터를 베이스 스테이션에게 전달한다. 이러한 노드들은 에너지자원의 충전이나 교환이 불가능하므로, 센서 노드들의 에너지 소모를 최대한 줄여서 전체 네트워크의 생존 시간을 최대화시켜야 한다. 본 논문에서는 센서 네트워크 구성 노드들의 잔여 가동 시간을 최대화하는 방법으로 네트워크 자원을 균형 있게 이용하는 라우팅 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 각 노들의 데이터 송수신시 거리 당 소모되는 에너지와 잔여 에너지를 고려하며, 보안 수준을 추가적으로 고려함으로써, 전체 네트워크를 균형적으로 이용하면서도 안전한 경로를 선택하는 라우팅 방법이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.98-102
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• 2009

Almost all injection molds have multi-cavity runner system for mass production, which are designed with geometrically balanced runner system in order to accomplish filling balance between cavity to cavity during processing. However, even though geometrically balanced runner is used, filling imbalance has been observed. Filling imbalance could be decreased by modifying processing conditions such as injections rate, mold temperature, injection pressure, melt temperature that are related to shear, viscosity. In this study, a series of experiment was conducted to investigate filling imbalance variation when modifying runner layout and polymer and to determine which processing condition influences as the primary cause of filling imbalance in geometrically balanced runner system. The filling imbalance was decreased up to result range of $3{\leq}DFI{\leq}8(%)$ by using a new runner system for balanced filling.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.144-149
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• 2008

Configuration of filling imbalance which is originated from imbalanced share rate of melt on runner is changed by runner layout, runner shape, material property, injection pressure, injection speed, melt temperature and mold temperature. In this paper, we conducted a study of runner layout and shape that are main factors of filling imbalance. Other factors such as the sharp corner effect and the groove corner effect are recently released were also considered. The results of study are showed that filling rate of between inside and outside cavity was influenced on shape of runner. Especially, this study suggests a new runner system for filling balance by adapting the two effects of unary branch type runner at multi cavity mold and theoretical investigated flow in the sharp corner type runner.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.931-937
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• 2004

Simultaneous filling is a goal in plastic injection mold that has multi cavities. The moldings which have not been filled at the same time have undesired faults such as dimension inaccuracy, residual stress, law mechanical strength, etc. The best way to simultaneous fill is to be injected in a geometrically balanced runner system. In a general processing, however, in balanced runner system mold, filling imbalance would be observed in cavities. These phenomena result from molten polymer's characteristics and circumstances in balanced runner. In this study, the degree of filling imbalance (DFI) was defined for showing rate of filling imbalance in geometrically balanced injection mold that has 8 cavities. Before the main experiment, an injection molding simulation was conducted to know a pattern of filling imbalance with Moldflow software. There were somewhat differences between results of experiment and simulation about the filling imbalance. The reason for the difference was that the software have not concerned about a situation in a real flow channel. It was also investigated how the injection speed affected on filling imbalance in the experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.123-130
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• 2018

In this study, the optimum design of mold feed systems is determined for plug cover housing (PCH), which is a cover-assembly product that protects the wiring of automobile connectors. The design goal is to achieve the filling balance of the resin in the left and right covers while avoiding the occurrence of weld lines in the hinge as much as possible. For the optimization, an orthogonal array experiment and a main effect analysis of the design factors are performed, and the factors that cause the interactions with the two design characteristics are selected as the design variables. We present some design alternatives, i.e., some combinations of the design variables, and analyze the filling-simulation results, expected molding risk, and cost economics to select an optimum design solution among the design alternatives. In the optimal solution, the weld line is generated at a position outside the hinge, and the filling balance is also acceptable, showing that both design goals can be satisfied simultaneously despite conflicting with each other.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2016

Depending on the college graduation project and graduation thesis regulations for the certification and graduation requirements, the quadcopter acting as a Li-Po battery that charges by solar energy are proposed a design method and improvements in theory. Quadcopter posture is balanced and confirmed by the position sensor, through a PID (Proportional Integral Differential) control. Battery switching circuit is composed of two Li-Po battery. Driving the quadcopter as one battery, and does not use other battery is charged by solar energy. A battery switching circuit is fabricated in a manner that uses two types of relays. Even if completely not charged to the battery is being driven a certain switch by the battery charging voltage from time to time, it proposes a method for increasing the endurance time and range.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.954-955
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 기존 직렬결합 커패시터 입력단을 갖는 7-레벨 인버터에 커패시터 전압균형 제어법을 적용하여 출력 전압의 중간레벨 구간이 제대로 형성되지 않는 문제점을 해결하고자 한다. 기존에 제시된 직렬결합 커패시터 입력단 구성을 갖는 7-레벨 인버터는 2개의 양방향 스위치모듈과 3개의 직렬 연결된 커패시터를 이용한 변형된 Cascaded H-bridge 인버터이다. 기존 논문에서는 입력 전압원으로부터 3개의 직렬 연결된 커패시터의 충전을 통해 레벨을 형성하는 과정에서 커패시터 전압불균형 문제를 해결하지 못하여 결국 출력전압레벨이 7-레벨에서 5-레벨로 감소하는 것을 볼 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 세 개의 직렬결합된 커패시터중 중앙에 위치한 커패시터의 충 방전량을 조절하여 커패시터 전압불균형 문제를 해결한다. 제어법의 타당성은 PSIM 기반의 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통하여 기존 스위칭 제어법과 비교하여 검증한다.