• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.315-326
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• 2014

This paper analyzes and compares the pedestrian characteristics of 5 urban communities with 2012 Seoul floating population survey data. First of all, differences in total pedestrian volumes and time distribution of the volumes are compared across the 5 urban communities and the effects of pedestrian road properties are investigated. Then, we conduct a regression analysis to find factors influencing pedestrian volume according to the type of urban community and day of week. As results, the urban community had the greatest volume and the volume increased significantly at lunch time. Center bus lane, bus stop, and crosswalk lead to more trips in the urban community, while opposite patterns occurred in the other communities. Less slopes and commercial region areas caused more trips in all communities. Regression analysis results showed that a variety of variables including demographic indices, land use type and pedestrian road properties differently affect pedestrian volumes in individual urban communities. The research can be used as basic data to establish polices for pedestrian environment improvement.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.523-544
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• 2009

The object of this study is to analyze manipulative materials in the Pattern & Algebra field of Maths300-Maths with Attitude, Australian school mathematics program with manipulative materials to search meaningful ways for school mathematics. To accomplish these projects, 20 manipulative materials in the Pattern & Algebra field of the Maths with Attitude are introduced and each manipulative materials can be used are searched according to grades and fields of Korean educational course. And 4 mathematics classes for 3rd and 5th grades(two for each grades) with manipulative materials are performed and effect of these classes are examined by recorded data and students' opinions are inquired by questionnaire. First, We analyze Pattern & Algebra of the Maths with Attitude 20 manipulative materials such as 4ARM SHAPES, ADDITION TOTALS, ICE CREAM FLAVOURS, THE LAND OF ET, etc. In this analysis, plans for utilizing the manipulative materials are categorized in 9 types. Second, by students' handling these kinds of manipulative materials in classes, their interest in mathematics is increased and voluntary and creative classes out of the conventional ones can be made. Also, students' self-confidence in mathematics and active participation is animated. This kind of manipulative materials are introduced in the educational field of elementary schools, plans for utilizing the teaching aids in the field are analyzed, the teaching aids are practically applied to classes, and the effect and meanings for mathematics classes are examined. With this research, another researches about the introduction and utilization of other various manipulative materials for motivating students to efficiently understand what they learn in mathematics class of elementary schools are required.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.23-31
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• 2004

Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA Landauer ＆ Dumais, 1997) is a technique to represent the meanings of words using co-occurrence information of words appearing in he same context, which is usually a sentence or a document. In LSA, a word is represented as a point in multidimensional space where each axis represents a context, and a word's meaning is determined by its frequency in each context. The space is reduced by singular value decomposition (SVD). The present study elaborates upon LSA for use of representation of ambiguous words. The proposed LSA applies rotation of axes in the document space which makes possible to interpret the meaning of un. A simulation study was conducted to illustrate the performance of LSA in representation of ambiguous words. In the simulation, first, the texts which contain an ambiguous word were extracted and LSA with rotation was performed. By comparing loading matrix, we categorized the texts according to meanings. The first meaning of an ambiguous wold was represented by LSA with the matrix excluding the vectors for the other meaning. The other meanings were also represented in the same way. The simulation showed that this way of representation of an ambiguous word can identify the meanings of the word. This result suggest that LSA with axis rotation can be applied to representation of ambiguous words. We discussed that the use of rotation makes it possible to represent multiple meanings of ambiguous words, and this technique can be applied in the area of web searching.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.62-72
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• 2015

Nowadays the issue of aging society has received considerable critical attention, especially in transportation planning and demand forecasting. This study identified the factors related to travel time budget for elderly by purpose using seemingly unrelated regression model (SUR model). The SUR model is suitable when error terms of each equation are assumed to be correlated across the equations in terms of travel time budget which is constant in 2 hours per day commonly. The results showed that elderly's travel time budget was affected by individual, household, urban facility and transportation service. The leisure travel comprised a large proportion of total travel time and had a positive relationship with elderly, sports, religious facilities. Moreover, the elderly who had low income or unemployed person had low frequency of social activity such as leisure, shopping and business. This study can provide a comprehensive implications of forecasting the future travel demand and analyzing the travel behavior.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.815-824
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• 2004

In academic and/or practitioner literature, the assortment planning for fashion sensitive products is rarely systematically studied, and organized in an objective format. The purpose of this study was to develop a suggested assortment planning model for women's clothing retail buyers by integrating a conceptual assortment planning model and a practical-use assortment planning model, which are also developed in this study. In developing the conceptual model, this research categorized and organized the pieces of assortment planning activities illustrated in available literature. In developing the practical-use model, ten women's dress buyers from department stores and specialty stores were interviewed. The contents of the interview dictation were classified and summarized by concepts and variables. The summary was validated by the interviewees and recontextualized for the practical-use model. Five experts compared the conceptual and practical-use models, adjusted the discrepancies, and integrated into the suggested model. In addition, a questionnaire asking review of all functional activities of the suggested model was sent to interviewees to ascertain its validity. As the result, assortment planning process was determined at abstract level as the following: (a) recognize problem, (b) search for information, (c) evaluate qualitative value of product, (d) evaluate quantitative value of product, (e) plan product selection, and (f) plan sales.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.191-206
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• 2016

Pedestrian performance measurement has generally used the average values of pedestrian volumes and speeds from a sample, although each individual's pedestrian behavior of the sample is mainly affected by his/her socio-economic and physical characteristics. In particular, if such individual characteristics of the sample have wide variations, the average values are hard to be representative. In this respect, this study found that a platoon of pedestrians had a major effect on their pedestrian flows on sidewalks. The more platoons was mixed on pedestrian roads, the lower pedestrian flow rate was. The indexes such as a pedestrian flow rate and an occupancy space are typically calculated by pedestrian volumes in a given period of time regardless of the existence of a platoon. However, it is plausible that a pedestrian speed and a level of pedestrian congestion can be different under the equal amount of pedestrian volumes. Therefore, this study suggested criteria for determining level of service for pedestrian considering platoon effects and confirmed that two places had different pedestrian LOSs because of the platoon effects, even if they showed the same pedestrian flow rate.

• Archives of design research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.197-210
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• 2001

There are symbolicity and special meaning in the materials which are supposed to be used metalcraft from ancient to present. These are basical resources of hermeneutics and play a role as moaning elements. Generally, the precious Cold and Silver are mainly to be used with precious stone. But recently, ordinary materials like glass iron aluminum has begun to be used with them. Several artists are intentionally using them, and special skills which could be revealed by only the matherials are developing by them. In these skill, there are original material's texture and character of matter are looking like other matter. Well, special skills are adapted in these matters to magnify the possibility of expression, the originally codified meaning resources are disturbed. For example, The metal craft artist June Schwarcz is using the skills of electroforming, copper foiling, enameling, wire brush patina, fine wires fusing, etc. He is doing abstract forming and making various textures. And his works are very big size, and done by the skills of painting and sculpture. The outer form is very structural, special touches of the artists are heterogeneously mixed with the symbolic abstract expressionism color field. Further, there are mixed with Primitive original life atmosphere, Medieval ornamental aspect, Minimal, and Chaotic aspects. The meaning particles of these aspects are directly/indirectly joined but special skills and basic material languages are mixed together, the originally codified material language are disturbed. These disturbed material languages are becoming optically special effect and be illusion. It is making expressing way of tile metalcraft more fertile and be infinite.

• Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
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• no.34
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• pp.75-113
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• 2017

The purpose of fusion education is to acquire educational contents efficiently and gain a new worldview. To realize this purpose, I point out that it is urgent to provide common educational content and suggest "place experience" as common content for literature and geography. Local legends present a concrete space and a sharp confrontation with the human world, while shaping the tradition of a place's name. Place experience as common educational content enables a three-dimensional experience of a place that utilizes the characteristics of these local legends. The physical condition, human activity, and implied meaning of a place mediate the student's empirical understanding of folktales. The common area of "place experience" allows us to expect a stereotypical understanding of a learner's place by providing a literary context to learning contents that can flow from the existing geography subject to the simple provision of information. In addition, it facilitates learners' empirical understanding by providing actual and specific objects to learning contents, which can flow abstractly in the existing literature subject. Through this discussion, convergence education demonstrates educational significance by achieving educational efficiency through common educational content and enabling the formation of new thinking.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.27
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• pp.23-38
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• 2022

The standing plaster figure entitled is an early work from Choi Man Lin's 'Eve' series. It reflects the aesthetics of abstract sculpture in the period following Korea's liberation from Japanese colonial rule. Modern and contemporary sculptures can be made from a wide variety of materials, so the particular selection of materials and expressive techniques are indicative of both the artist's intentions and the zeitgeist of the moment. In this regard, the materials and production techniques used in provide important basic data for the chronological study of Choi's artistic development. In this study, scientific analysis was conducted to reveal the production techniques used in the work. The scope of appropriate conservation treatment was decided through consultation between several people with decision-making authority. First, the internal structure was inspected using X-CT scanning, and a material analysis was conducted to identify the formal characteristics, materials, and production techniques found in the work. As the analyses revealed the work to be in a relatively stable state, only minimal conservation treatment was applied based on the opinions expressed by the institution housing the work, by a former assistant of the artist, and in an interview granted by the artist during his lifetime.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.325-330
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• 2021

This study set out to investigate the forms, attributes, and escape methods of post-subjects projected on the investigator's works in connection with rhizomatic thinking proposed as a way of social transformation by Deleuze and Guattari and examine their social connotations. Post-subjects projected on the investigator's works are not completed wholes of some sort, but like materials whose constant premise is change and creation. In the investigator's works, post-subjects have conscious and unconscious desire. It is the desire of creation with positive attributes including Deleuze's and Guattari's pursuit of changes in a contradicting society. When desire is deployed in post-subjects, they will carry out an escape. This way of escape is rhizomatic proposed by Deleuze and Guattari. It deconstructs contradicting things and repeats connection, contact, and severance with the outside world, building a new order. Rhizomatic post-subjects appearing in the investigator's works depict the escape process and method in abstract ways through the variable installation of objets combined with a color field of repeating brushes. In this work, the goal of post-subjects is to make a safe landing in a space where beings are recognized for their values and free and creative lives. These post-subjects are nomads creating a new landscape continuously, wandering around vast plains, and also artists and literary figures resisting a contradicting society. That is, they are connected to the concept of a war machine proposed by Deleuze and Guattari as a concept of social transformation and to the concept of Nietzsche's Agon to devise and create new values and politics based on street passion. They seek after a space where they can co-exist with otherness recognized rather than the complete deconstruction of the old order.